Salmon e pinki (lat. Ke e nyane ka boholo le moemeli ea tloaelehileng oa litlhapi oa mofuta oa saalmon ea Pacific (Oncorhynсhus).
Tlhaloso ea saalmon e pinki
Salmon e pinki kapa salmon e pinki ke tlhapi e nang le ponahalo e tloaelehileng ho baemeli bohle ba sehlopha sa tlhapi e entsoeng ka Ray le taelo ea Salmoniformes.
Ponahalo
Salmon e pinki ea Oceanic e khetholloa ka mokokotlo o moputsoa kapa o moputsoa o botala, mahlakore a silevera le mpa e tšoeu... Kamora ho khutlela moo ho hlahisoang teng, 'mala oa litlhapi tse joalo oa fetoha. Salmon e pinki e ba boputsoa bo sootho ka 'mala ka morao,' me mpa e ba le bosootho bo bonoang bo bosehla kapa botala. Hammoho le li-salmonid tse ling, salmon e pinki e na le pheletso ea adipose e fumanehang sebakeng seo ho tloha mokokotlong ho isa qetellong ea caudal.
Hoa thahasellisa! Boima ba 'mele ba saalmon e kholo e pinki e ka ba 2.2 kg,' me bolelele ba tlhapi e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea mofuta ona e ne e le 0.76 m ka boima ba 7.0 kg.
Litšobotsi tsa mantlha tse khethollang saalmon e pinki ke molomo o mosoeu le ho ba sieo ha meno lelemeng, hammoho le boteng ba matheba a matšo a motopo ka mokokotlong le ponahalo e bopehileng joalo ka V ea pheleu ea caudal. Litlhapi li na le lesela la mokokotlo, le emeloang ke mahlaseli a bonolo a 13-17. Nakong ea ho fallela libakeng tsa tlhaho, tse tona tsa salmon e pinki li hlahisa hump e hlakileng le e tsebahalang hantle ka morao, ka lebaka leo baemeli ba mofuta ona oa tlhapi ea salmon ba fumaneng lebitso la bona le sa tloaelehang.
Boitšoaro le mokhoa oa bophelo
Salmon e pinki e khetha metsi a batang haholo, ka hona, lits'oants'o tse ntle ka ho fetisisa tsa mocheso bakeng sa bolulo ba litlhapi tse joalo ke + 10-140HO TLOHA. Ha mocheso o nyolohela ho +260Ho tloha holimo le holimo, ho na le lefu le leholo la salmon e pinki... Baemeli ba taelo ea Salmoniformes e fetang mariha libakeng tseo mocheso oa metsi o sa theoheleng tlase ho 50C. Ke maemo ana a khethollang sebaka sa Kuroshio se futhumetseng sa hajoale, se fumanehang mabopong a boroa le bochabela ba Japane. Ho falla ha salmon e pinki ha ho na nako e telele ho feta, ka mohlala, ho saalm ea chum, 'me batho ba baholo ha ba phahame haholo metsing a noka.
Ho na le litlhapi tsa salmon tse pinki tse kae
Nako e khuts'oane haholo ea ho phela ha baemeli ba lelapa la salmon, e sa feteng lilemo tse tharo, e bakoa ke taba ea hore salmon e pinki e fihlela kholo ea thobalano likhoeli tse mashome a mabeli kamora ho thella ka metsing a leoatle, mme kamora ho tsoala feela bophelong ba bona, batho ba baholo baa shoa.
Habitat, habitats
Litlhapi tse sa tloaelehang, tseo hajoale e leng e 'ngoe ea baemeli ba tummeng ba mofuta oa tlhapi ea Pacific (Oncorhynсhus), e se e atile haholo metsing a lebopong la leoatle la Pacific le la Arctic.
Hoa thahasellisa! Bohareng ba lekholo la ho qetela la lilemo, ho ile ha etsoa liteko tse 'maloa ho tloaela salmon e pinki ka metsing a noka lebopong la Murmansk, empa ha ho katleho e kholo e fihletsoeng ketsahalong ena.
Har'a tse ling, baemeli ba lelapa la salmon ba lula Great Lakes Amerika Leboea, moo palo e fokolang haholo ea batho e ileng ea hlahisoa ka phoso. Asia, baemeli ba sehlopha sa litlhapi tse entsoeng ke Ray le taelo ea Salmoniformes li arolelitsoe hantle ho fihlela Honshu.
Lijo tsa salmon tse pinki
Ha li ntse li hola le ho hola, bacha ba salmon ba pinki ba tloha ho fepa ka plankton le benthos ho ea ho zooplankton tse kholo le mefuta e fapaneng ea likokonyana tse phelang metsing, hammoho le mefuta eohle ea litlhapi tse nyane. Leha ho le joalo, khetho e fuoa:
- li-larvae tsa chironomid;
- liboko tsa lintsintsi tsa majoe le li-mayflies;
- li-midges;
- li-copepods tse nyane;
- li-harpacticides;
- cumaceans;
- amphipodisa.
Lijo tsa salmon e pinki ea batho ba baholo haholo-holo li-crustaceans tse fapaneng le bacha ba mefuta e meng ea litlhapi. Sebakeng sa lishelefong, batho ba baholo ba ka fetohela ho fepa liboko tsa likokoana-hloko tsa benthic le litlhapi.
Hoa thahasellisa! Hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore hang pele litlhapi li qhotsa, li khaotsa ho fepa, e leng ka lebaka la ho emisoa ha litho tsa tšilo ea lijo le ho thibela ho fepa maikutlo.
Ka holim'a libaka tse tebileng ka ho fetisisa, lijo tsa setso ke squid, larvae, bacha le litlhapi tse nyane, ho kenyeletsoa li-anchovies tse khanyang le tlhapi ea silevera.
Ho ikatisa le bana
Bohareng ba lehlabula, baemeli ba sehlopha sa litlhapi tse `` Ray-finned '' le taelo ea hore Salmoniformes e qala ho kena ka mafolofolo metsing a noka bakeng sa ho hlahisa, e etsahalang ka Phato. Likarolo tsohle tsa boits'oaro ba litlhapi tse joalo li tloaelehile ho li-salmonid life kapa life, ka hona, pele e lahlela mahe, e tšehali e haha sehlaha ka mokhoa oa khatello ea maikutlo tlase. Kamora hore mahe a tsoaloe, a emisoa ke a batona, ebe mahe aa patoa, 'me tlhapi e kholo e shoa ka mokhoa o ke keng oa qojoa.
Hoa thahasellisa! Ha ho ntse ho phethoa ho leba leoatleng, palo e kholo ea fry ea shoa 'me e jeoa ke litlhapi tse jang nama kapa linonyana.
E tshehadi e na le nako ya ho fiela mahe a ka bang 800-2400... Salmon e pinki e qhotsoa ka Pulungoana-Tšitoe, 'me ka lekhetlo la pele ba sebelisa lintho tse ka mokotleng oa phepo bakeng sa phepo ea bona. Lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng tsa selemo kapa qalong ea lehlabula, li-fry tse holileng li tlohela sehlaha sa tsona ebe li thella ka leoatleng ka thuso ea phallo ea metsi. Bolelele ba tsona motsotsong ona ke 3 cm, 'me' mele o khetholloa ke 'mala oa silevera o monochromatic ntle le boteng ba metopa e fetohang e tšoaeang batho ba baholo. Bacha ba fepa ka mefuta e mengata ea plankton le benthos.
Lira tsa tlhaho
Caviar e pinki ea salmon e jeoa feela ka bongata ke litlhapi tse ngata, ho kenyeletsoa le Dolly Varden char, char, hammoho le mefuta e joalo ka lenok, greyling le kunja. Nakong ea ho phallela ka metsing a leoatle, litlhapi tse pinki tsa salmon li tsongoa ka mafolofolo ke litlhapi tse qhibilihisitsoeng le tse jang tse ling, hammoho le mefuta e meng ea matata le hlaha. Nakong ea ho lula ha tsona leoatleng, litlhapi tsa salmon tse kholo tse pinki li jeoa ka mafolofolo ke liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo tse ling tsa metsing, tse emeloang ke maruarua a beluga, liqibi le lishaka tsa herring. Libakeng tsa ho tsoala, libere, li-otter le lintsu li kotsi haholo ho litlhapi tsa lelapa la salmon.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Har'a baemeli bohle ba saalmon ea Pacific, ke salmon e pinki e khetholloang ka boholo bo bonyenyane le palo e kholo haholo, 'me, har'a lintho tse ling, litlhapi tse joalo ke ntho ea ho tšoasa litlhapi tse sebetsang. Tlas'a maemo a tlhaho, ho na le liphetoho tse hlakileng le tse hlokomelehang palong ea tlhapi ea salmon e pinki, empa kotsi ea ho timela ha mefuta e joalo ea bohlasoa e se nang mofuta oa metsi a hloekileng ha e eo hajoale.
Boleng ba khoebo
Nama ea salmon e pinki e na le litšobotsi tse ntle haholo tsa tatso ebile e loketse mekhoa e mengata ea ho pheha... Caviar ea bohlokoa ea tlhapi ena ke e kholo ka ho fetisisa har'a litlhapi tsa mofuta oa Oncorhynсhus.
Salmon e pinki ke tlhapi ea bohlokoahali ea khoebo, e maemong a holimo ho latela litlhapi tsa litlhapi tsa salmon, 'me Kamchatka ho ts'oaroa ha eona khafetsa ke 80%. Libaka tsa mantlha tsa ho tšoasa saalmon e pinki e ntse e le sebaka se ka bophirima sa Kamchatka le libaka tse tlase tsa Amur. Ho tšoasa litlhapi tsa bohlokoa tsa khoebo ho etsoa ka likhoele tse tsitsitseng, tse koahetsoeng le matlooa a phallang. Lipontšo tsa ho tšoasa lilemong tse ngata li na le ho fetoha ha linako tse ling.
