Pere ea Akhal-Teke - ea khale haholo ebile e ntle haholo lefatšeng. Mefuta ena e simolohile Turkmenistan nakong ea puso ea Soviet, 'me hamorao ea namela naheng ea Kazakhstan, Russia, Uzbekistan. Mefuta ena ea lipere e ka fumanoa hoo e ka bang linaheng tsohle, ho tloha Europe ho ea Asia, Amerika, le Afrika.
Tšimoloho ea mofuta le tlhaloso
Photo: Pere ea Akhal-Teke
Kajeno, ho na le mefuta e fetang 250 ea lipere lefatšeng e holisitsoeng ke batho ka makholo a lilemo. Mefuta ea Akhal-Teke e eme e le 'ngoe e le mokhoa oa ho ikatisa lipere. Ho nkile mofuta ona ho feta lilemo tse likete tse tharo. Letsatsi le tobileng la ponahalo ea pele ea mofuta oa Akhal-Teke ha le tsejoe, empa qalong ho buuoa ka la 4 ho isa ho la 3 la lilemo BC. Bucephalus, pere e ratoang haholo ea Alexander the Great, e ne e le pere ea Akhal-Teke.
Liphiri tsa ho ikatisa li fetisitsoe ho tloha ho ntate ho ea ho mora. Pere e ne e le motsoalle oa bona oa pele ebile e le motsoalle oa bona oa hlooho ea khomo. Lipere tsa sejoale-joale tsa Akhal-Teke li ruile litšobotsi tse ntlehali tsa baholo-holo ba tsona. Boikakaso ba lipere tsa Turkmens, Akhal-Teke ke karolo ea letšoao la mmuso oa naha e ikemetseng ea Turkmenistan.
Video: Pere ea Akhal-Teke
Lipere tsa Akhal-Teke li theohile ho pere ea khale ea ma-Turkmen, eo e neng e le e 'ngoe ea "mefuta" ea pele ea lipere e ileng ea tšela Bering Strait e tsoang Amerika mehleng ea pele ho nalane. E thehiloe qalong ke li-Turkmens. Hajoale, lipere tsa Akhal-Teke li lula liprofinseng tse ling tse ka boroa ho USSR ea mehleng.
Pere ea Akhal-Teke ke mofuta oa Maturkmen o etsahalang tikolohong e ka boroa ea naha ea sejoale-joale ea Turkmenistan. Lipere tsena li tsejoa e le lipere tsa lipere le lipere tsa mabelo ka lilemo tse 3000. Lipere tsa Akhal-Teke li na le mokhoa o motle oa tlhaho ebile ke pere e ikhethang ea lipapali sebakeng sena. Pere ea Akhal-Teke e tsoa tikolohong e omeletseng, e nyopa.
Ho theosa le nalane ea eona, e iphumanetse botumo ba mamello e matla le sebete. Senotlolo sa matla a lipere tsa Akhal-Teke ke lijo tse se nang lijo empa li na le liprotheine tse ngata, mme hangata li kenyelletsa botoro le mahe a kopantsoeng le harese. Kajeno lipere tsa Akhal-Teke li sebelisoa ho bontša le ho roala liaparo ntle le ts'ebeliso ea tsona ea letsatsi le letsatsi tlasa saddle.
Mefuta ka boeona ha e ngata haholo mme e emeloa ke mefuta e 17:
- posman;
- gelishikli;
- ale;
- polasi ea mmuso-2;
- mohala oa everdi;
- ak belek;
- ak sakal;
- melekush;
- ho matha;
- Kir sakar;
- caplan;
- fakirpelvan;
- sebabole;
- Searabia;
- gundogar;
- perrine;
- karlavach.
Boitsebiso bo etsoa ka tlhahlobo ea DNA mme lipere li fuoa nomoro ea ngoliso le phasepoto. Lipere tse felletseng tsa Akhal-Teke li kenyelelitsoe ho State Stud Book.
Ponahalo le likarolo
Setšoantšo: Pere ea Akhal-Teke e shebahala joang
Pere ea Akhal-Teke e khetholloa ka molao-motheo o omileng, ponahalo e feteletsang, letlalo le lesesaane, hangata le nang le tšepe e benyang, molala o molelele o nang le hlooho e bobebe. Hangata lipere tsa Akhal-Teke li ka bonoa ka leihlo la ntsu. Mofuta ona o sebelisetsoa ho palama lipere ebile o tiile bakeng sa mosebetsi. Ho palama baemeli ba mofuta oa Akhal-Teke ho tla khahlisa le mopalami ea nang le boiphihlelo ka ho fetesisa, ba tsamaea ka bonolo mme ba ipoloka hantle, ntle le ho thekesela.
Lipere tsa Akhal-Teke li na le mesifa e sephara le masapo a masesaane. Hangata 'mele ea tsona e bapisoa le ea pere e putswa kapa cheetah - e na le kutu e tšesaane le sefuba se tebileng. Boemo ba sefahleho sa pere ea Akhal-Teke bo bataletse kapa bo batla bo khutsitse, empa tse ling li shebahala joalo ka likhama. E kanna ea ba le mahlo a almonde kapa mahlo a koahetsoeng.
Pere e na le litsebe tse tšesaane, tse telele le mokokotlo, 'mele o sephara le mahetla a lepameng. Moetse le mohatla oa hae li fokola ebile li tšesaane. Ka kakaretso, pere ena e na le ponahalo ea ho satalla le ho ba matla. Ebile, ho nkuoa e le bothata ho mofuta ona ho ba motenya kapa ho fokola haholo. Lipere tsa Akhal-Teke li khahloa ke mebala ea tsona e fapaneng le e metle. Mebala e sa tloaelehang ka ho fetisisa e fumanehang mofuteng ona ke: likhama, nightingale, isabella, e bohlooho le lekhoaba feela, khauta ea khauta, e khubelu, 'me hoo e batlang e le mebala eohle e na le khauta ea khauta kapa ea silevera.
Pere ea Akhal-Teke e lula kae?
Setšoantšo: Pere ea Black Akhal-Teke
Pere ea Akhal-Teke e tsoaletsoe Lehoatateng la Kara-Kum, Turkmenistan, empa palo ea tsona e fokotsehile haesale lipere tse ling tse ntlehali li tlisoa Russia tlasa puso ea Soviet. Ma-Turkmen a ne a ke ke a phela ntle le lipere tsa Akhal-Teke, le ka lehlakoreng le leng. MaTurkmen e bile batho ba pele lehoatateng ho theha pere e loketseng tikoloho. Morero kajeno ke ho leka le ho holisa tse ngata tsa lipere tsena.
Pere ea sejoale-joale ea Akhal-Teke ke litholoana tse phethahetseng tsa ho phela ha khopolo e matla ka ho fetesisa, e ntseng e sebetsa lilemo tse likete. Ba fetile maemong a thata a tikoloho le liteko tsa beng ba bona.
Ho etsa hore seaparo se setle sa pere ea Akhal-Teke se shebahale se makatsa, o hloka ho hlatsoa pere ea hau khafetsa le ho e hlopha. Lenaneo ka leng la boitlhopho le lona le tla fa liphoofolo tsena tlhokomelo eo li e hlokang 'me li tla matlafatsa maqhama a hau le pere ea hau.
Lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tsa boitlhopho ba lipere, ho kenyeletsoa shampoo ea lipere, sesepa sa khōla, borashe, khekhe, lehare la ho lahla, mane ea 'manya, borashe ba mohatla le borashe ba' mele li ka sebelisoa ho tlosa litšila, moriri o feteletseng le maloanlahla a mang 'meleng oohle lipere.
Pere ea Akhal-Teke e ja eng?
Setšoantšo: Pere e tšoeu ea Akhal-Teke
Lipere tsa Akhal-Teke ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e fokolang ea lipere lefats'eng e fepetsoeng lijo tsa nama le mafura a nama ho loants'a maemo a mabe a bophelo (a se nang joang) Turkmenistan. Ma-Turkmens a utloisisa koetliso ea lipere hantle haholo; ka ho nts'etsapele ts'ebetso ea phoofolo, ba khona ho fokotsa lijo tsa eona, haholo-holo metsi, bonyane ka mokhoa o makatsang. Sefate se omisitsoeng se nkeloa sebaka ke masela a khethiloeng, 'me habore ea rona ea harese e kopantsoe le nama ea nku.
Mona ke mefuta ea lijo tse ntlehali bakeng sa bona:
- joang ke lijo tsa bona tsa tlhaho ebile li ntle bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea tšilo ea lijo (leha o ka hlokomela haeba pere ea hau e ja joang bo botala nakong ea selemo, kaha sena se ka baka laminitis). Etsa bonnete ba hore o hlakola ka botlalo lijalo life kapa life tse ka bang kotsi ho lipere makhulong a hau;
- furu e boloka pere e phetse hantle 'me tsamaiso ea eona ea tšilo ea lijo e sebetsa hantle, haholo nakong ea likhoeli tse batang ho tloha ka hoetla ho isa qalong ea selemo ha makhulo a le sieo;
- litholoana kapa meroho - tsena li eketsa mongobo lijong. Ho khaola ha rantipole ka bolelele ho loketse;
- E tsepamisa maikutlo - Haeba pere e tsofetse, e sa le nyane, e anyesa, e imme kapa ea hlolisana, ngaka ea hau ea liphoofolo e kanna ea khothaletsa ho tsepamisa mohopolo joalo ka lijo-thollo, habore, harese le poone. Sena se fa pere matla. Hopola hore ho ka ba kotsi ha o ka kopanya bongata bo sa nepahalang kapa metswako, mme ya baka ho se lekalekane ha diminerale.
Likarolo tsa semelo le mokhoa oa bophelo
Setšoantšo: Mofuta oa lipere tsa Akhal-Teke
Pere ea Akhal-Teke ke mofuta o thata ka mokhoa o makatsang o ikamahantseng le maemo a mabe a naha ea habo eona. O sebetsa hantle maemong ohle a leholimo. Mopalami ea khutsitseng le ea leka-lekaneng, pere ea Akhal-Teke e lula e le malala-a-laotsoe, empa ho se bonolo ho e khanna, ka hona ha ea lokela bapalami ba li-novice. Beng ba bang ba re lipere tsa Akhal-Teke ke lintja tsa malapa lefats'eng la equine tse bontšang lerato le leholo ho mong'a tsona.
Taba e khahlisang: Pere ea Akhal-Teke e bohlale ebile e potlakile ho koetlisa, e na le mamello haholo, e bonolo ebile hangata e theha maqhama a matla le monga eona, e e etsang pere e "mokalli a le mong".
Tšobotsi e 'ngoe e khahlisang ea pere ea Akhal-Teke ke lynx. Kaha mofuta ona o tsoa lehoatateng le lehlabathe, lebelo la ona le nkuoa le le bonolo ebile le le boreleli, le mekhabiso e emeng le mokhoa o phallang. Pere e na le metsamao e boreleli 'me ha e tsoka' mele. Ntle le moo, ho qhekella ha hae ho thellela ka bolokolohi, ho matha ha hae ho holele ebile ho bonolo, mme mohato oa hae oa ho tlola o ka nkuoa e le oa sethole.
Pere ea Akhal-Teke e bohlale, e potlakela ho ithuta ebile e bonolo, empa e kanna ea ba bonolo haholo, ea ba mafolofolo, ea ba sebete ea ba ea manganga. Tsela e telele, e lebelo, e bobebe ebile e boreleli ea pere ea Akhal-Teke e e etsa setulo se loketseng bakeng sa mamello le mabelo. Boatlelete ba hae bo boetse bo mo etsa hore a tšoanelehe bakeng sa ho apara le ho bontša.
Moralo oa sechaba le tlhahiso
Photo: Pere ea Akhal-Teke
Lilemong tse ka bang 10 000 tse fetileng, ha lehoatata le aparela Asia Bohareng, lipere tse phetseng hantle tse lulang makhulong li ile tsa qala ho fetoha lipere tse otileng le tse ntle empa li le thata tseo kajeno li ahileng Turkmenistan. Ha lijo le metsi li ntse li fokotseha, palo e boima ea pere e ile ea nkeloa sebaka ke e bobebe.
Melala e melelele, hlooho e telele, mahlo a maholo, le litsebe tse telele li fetohile ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba pere ba ho bona, ho fofonela le ho utloa liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo lithoteng tse ntseng li eketseha.
Mmala oa khauta o atileng har'a lipere tsa Akhal-Teke o ile oa fana ka tšireletso e hlokahalang khahlano le bokamorao ba naha ea lehoatata. Ka lebaka la khetho ea tlhaho, ho ile ha theoa mofuta o tla fetoha boikakaso ba Turkmenistan.
Lipere tsa Akhal-Teke li holisitsoe hantle ka hona ha li na mefuta-futa ea liphatsa tsa lefutso.
Taba ena e etsa hore mofuta ona o angoa ke mathata a 'maloa a amanang le lefutso.
Mohlala:
- mathata a nts'etsopele ea mokokotlo oa mokokotlo, o tsejoang hape e le lefu la wobbler;
- cryptorchidism - bosieo ba testicles e le 'ngoe kapa tse peli ka har'a mokotla, e leng se etsang hore ho nyopa ho be thata mme ho ka baka mathata a mang a boits'oaro le bophelo bo botle;
- naked foal syndrome, e bakang hore masea a hlahe a se na moriri, a e-na le bokooa meno le mehlahare le tšekamelo ea ho ba le mathata a fapaneng a tšilo ea lijo, bohloko le tse ling.
Lira tsa tlhaho tsa lipere tsa Akhal-Teke
Setšoantšo: Pere ea Akhal-Teke e shebahala joang
Lipere tsa Akhal-Teke ha li na lira tsa tlhaho, li sirelelitsoe hantle ho batho ba sa e rateng. Morabe oa Akhal-Teke boholo ke mofuta o ka sebelisoang ka katleho mananeong a ho ikatisa le a sa tsoaloang ho ntlafatsa mokoka, mofuthu, mamello, lebelo le matjato mme e tla ba molekane ea tšepahalang le ea bonolo bakeng sa mopalami kapa mong'a menyaka.
Thibelo ea kantle ho naha e tsoang Soviet Union e kentse letsoho ho fokotseheng ha palo ea lipere tsa Akhal-Teke, khaello ea lichelete le taolo ea mehlape le eona e bile le phello e mpe.
Ba bang ba pheha khang ea hore sebopeho sa bona se sa rateheng, se atisang ho hlahisoa litšoantšong tsa molala oa nku, lits'ebetso tse bōpehileng joaloka sekele, 'mele e telele e maqhubu, hangata e sa fepehang hantle, mohlomong le tsona ha lia thusa mofuta ona.
Empa mofuta oa Akhal-Teke oa fetoha, 'me leha o le teng haholo bakeng sa mabelo a Russia le Turkmenistan, batsoalisi ba' maloa ba se ba khethetsoe ho fumana boits'oaro, bohale, bokhoni ba ho qhomela, boatlelete le motsamao o tla ntlafatsa bokhoni ba bona ba ho sebetsa hantle le ho hlolisana. ka katleho lithutong tsa bapalami ba lipere.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Setšoantšo: Pere ea Akhal-Teke naheng ea Russia
Pere ea khale ea Turkmen e ne e phahametse mefuta e meng ea sejoale-joale hoo pere e neng e hlokahala haholo. MaTurkmen a entse sohle se matleng a bona ho thibela ho hasana ho sa laoleheng ha lipere tsa bona tse tummeng. Leha ho le joalo, ba ile ba khona ho boloka litšobotsi tse ntle le botle ba pere ea bona ea naha.
Ho fihlela haufinyane tjena, ba ne ba sa tsejoe kantle ho naha ea habo bona, Turkmenistan. Kajeno ho na le lipere tse ka bang 6000 feela tsa Akhal-Teke lefatšeng, haholo-holo Russia le naheng ea habo bona ea Turkmenistan, moo pere e leng letlotlo la naha.
Kajeno pere ea Akhal-Teke ke motswako oa mefuta e fapaneng. Bo-mphato ba bona ba Persia ba ile ba tsoela pele ho holisoa ka mokhoa oa ho ikatisa mme ba ntse ba ka tsejoa e le mefuta e arohaneng, leha ho tsoakana pakeng tsa mefuta ka mehla.
Pere ena e ntse e amohela lefatše butle-butle, joalo ka ha tlhahlobo ea DNA e bontšitse hore mali a eona a phalla mefuteng eohle ea lipere tsa sejoale-joale. Tlatsetso ea hae ea lefutso e kholo, pale ea hae e ratana, mme batho ba ba holisang ba phela ka tsela e ts'oanang le ea bona lilemong tse 2000 tse fetileng.
Pere ea Akhal-Teke Ke mofuta oa pere ea khale eo e leng letshwao la naha la Turkmenistan. Leloko lena le ikhohomosang le tsoetse mehleng ea khale le Greece ea khale. Mofuta ona ke pere ea khale ka ho fetesisa e sa tsoaloang lefatšeng ebile e bile teng ka lilemo tse fetang likete tse tharo. Kajeno lipere tsena li nkuoa li le ntle haholo bakeng sa ho kalla. Hangata ho thoe ke pere e le ngoe ea mopalami hobane e hana ho ba eng kapa eng haese mong'a eona oa 'nete.
Letsatsi la phatlalatso: 11.09.2019
Letsatsi la ho nchafatsa: 25.08.2019 ka 1:01
