Ho hula ka thata kapa ho hlooho e sootho

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Puffin (Parus montanus) kapa tit e hlooho e sootho ke ea taelo ea Passeriformes. Nonyana ena e reheletsoe ka sebopeho sa bolo e fofa, e shebahalang e le joalo ka masiba a fofang.

Matšoao a kantle a phofo

Hlooho e hlooho e sootho e nyane ho feta serobele 11-12 cm mme e khetholloa ka kepisi e ntšo e fapaneng e nang le 'mala o sootho le marama a masoeu a maholo. Boima ba 'mele ke ligrama tse 10-12. Mapheo a mapheo a bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 16,5 ho isa ho tse 22. Mapheo a makhuts'oane, 6.0 - 6.5 cm, mohatla ke lisenthimithara tse 6. Forearm e khuts'oane, 1 cm.

E tšehali le e tona li na le 'mala oa masiba a tšoanang. Mokokotlo o boputswa bo bosootho, mpa e bobebe, e batla e le tshweu ka monyebe o mosesane. Mohatla le mapheo a lefifi ho feta mmele o hodimo. Marapo a kantle a masiba a ho fofa a lika-likelitsoe ke metsero a masoeu. Meleng ena e lepheong le menahaneng e shebahala joaloka mola o moqotetsane oa longitudinal. Mokhoa o lefifi o hloohong butle-butle o tepa ho leba ka morao, ka hona hlooho e shebahala e le kholo haholo. Ka tlasa hlooho ho soeufetse, 'mala o bobebe o totobatsa sekoaelo se lefifi. Sebaka se seholo se setšo se nang le moeli o lerootho lehlakoreng le ka tlase le ka tlasa molomo. Molomo o motsho, o moputswa ka molomo. Sebaka se setšo se nang le moeli o tlase o tlase se ka tlasa molomo. Iris ea leihlo e ntšo. Maoto a boputsoa bo boputsoa. Linonyana tse nyane li khetholloa ka 'mala o moputsoa oa masiba, cap, e ntšo - e sootho, palesa ea ocher e hlahisoa marameng. Sebaka se tlas'a molomo o bobebe, bosootho. Likarolo tse ka tlase li tšoeu, li na le bohloa mahlakoreng. Tcher e tšoanang ea ocher e teng mosebetsing. Molomo o mosootho, molomo o hodimo le tlase o na le mathoko a tshehla.

Puffer e fapana le mefuta e meng ea likhaolo ka hlooho ea eona e kholo le mohatla o mokhutšoane, sekoaelo sa masiba hloohong, se senang khanya. Marama a masoeu a bonahala ntle le ocher tinge. Tšimo e tšoeu e bapisoang le masiba a masiba e thusa ho khetholla habonolo phofo le mefuta e meng ea linonyana.

Phofo e hasana

Phofo e ajoa sebakeng sa Palaearctic ho tloha Bophirima ba Yuropa, Russia Russia ho ea Kamchatka le Sakhalin. O lula Russia ea Europe. Europe, e theha mefuta e fetang leshome ea subspecies. Palo ea Europe e lekantsoe ho 45 ° latitude leboea. Batho ba nang le phofo Italy ba fumanoa Alps libakeng tse phahameng ho tloha ho limithara tse sekete ka holim'a bophahamo ba leoatle ho ea ho likete tse peli.

Bolulo ba phofo

Pukhlyak o lula merung ea li-coniferous-deciduous le coniferous e etsang morung. E hlaha merung ea phaene, phaene, meru e tsoakaneng, meru ea phaene e kopantsoeng le lifate tsa khale tse hlohlorehang, tse fumanoang pela lifika tsa sphagnum, merung ea likhohola. E fepa haufi le metshetshe le botebong ba moru. Ka nako e 'ngoe e hlaha libakeng tsa anthropogenic, lihlaheng ka mekoting ea li-birches tsa khale, e ts'oeroe ka patsi e bolileng. E le karolo ea mehlape ea bo-hloma-u-hlomole, e shebella lirapeng tsa boikhathollo, lirapeng le masimong a malapa.

Pukhlyak ke mofuta o lutseng, o fallang hanyane kamora ho ikatisa. Linonyana tse tsoang libakeng tse ka leboea li falla hangata ho feta baahi ba boroa. Palo e lekaneng e u fa monyetla oa ho phela mariha a batang, ka ho hloleha ha peo ea coniferous, phofo e ea libakeng tse nang le phepelo e lekaneng. Li falla ka mehlape e menyenyane; har'a linonyana, likamano tse rarahaneng li theoa lipakeng tsa batho ba lilemo tse fapaneng, ba batona le ba batšehali.

Ho hlahisa phofo

Boikhohomoso bo theha lipara tse sa feleng. Li fepa sebakeng sa 4.5 - 11 likete tse m². Nako ya dihlaha e qala ka Mmesa ho isa Phupu. Linonyana tse peli li khoruma kapa li kha sekoti likutung tse bolileng, likutu tse omeletseng tse bolileng, ka linako tse ling li fumana sehlaha sa lepolanka se lahliloeng, mekholutsoane. Mohaho oa sehlaha ha o fete limithara tse 10 ho tloha lefats'eng.

Bakeng sa lera, mosali oa phofo o sebelisa likotoana tsa makhapetla, joang bo omileng, ho fofa ha limela, masiba, moriri, li-cobwebs.

Ka linako tse ling ke lerole la patsi feela le teng sehlaheng, moo mahe a robalang teng. Terei e na le bophara ba lisenthimithara tse 5. E tšehali e behela mahe a masoeu a 5-10 a nang le likhetla tse phatsimang tse koahetsoeng ka likhahla tse sootho kapa tse bofubelu.

Mahe a manyane, 14-17 x 11-13 mm ka boholo, a boima ba ligrata tse 1,2 - 1.3. E tšehali e qhotsa libeke tse peli, e tona e mo tlisetsa lijo nakong ena. Kamora hore litsuonyana li hlahe, linonyana ka bobeli li se li fepa malinyane. Kamora matsatsi a 18, malinyane a tloha sehlaheng. Batsoali ba tsoela pele ho fepa litsuonyana matsatsi a mang a 7-11, ebe ba iphepa ba le bang. Ha li tlohile sehlaheng, malinyane a lula 'moho mohlapeng o monyane, ebe a fofa ho ea libakeng tse ncha mme bohareng ba mariha a fetohela bophelong ba ho lula.

Lijo tsa phofo

E ikhohomosa e fepa liphoofolo tse se nang lesapo la mokokotlo. Ba ja likho, li-molluscs tse nyane, liboko, liboko. Peo ea phaene, phaene, junipere, alder, molora oa lithaba, blueberry, birch li bokelloa. Nakong ea selemo, litsuonyana tse lihlooho li sootho li ja peo e phofo, buds le lero.

Pele ho qala ha mariha, ho entsoe metšoasong, lipeo li kenella mapetsong a makhapetla, tlasa majoe, boriba. Motho ka mong o hlophisa lijana tsa hae tse nyane mme o lekola lisebelisoa nako le nako, ka linako tse ling a li pata libakeng tse ling. Peo e bokelletsoeng e jeoa ke linonyana mariha ha lijo li haella.

Boemo ba paballo ea phofo

Phofo e sirelelitsoe ke Kopano ea Berne (Sehlomathiso II). Tumellano ena e hlalosa mehato ea ts'ireletso le ts'ireletso ea mefuta ea limela le liphoofolo, hammoho le sebaka sa bona sa tlhaho. Bothata bona bo bohlokoa bakeng sa mefuta e lulang sebakeng sa linaha tse 'maloa tsa Europe. Tabeng ea phofo, ho sebelisoa mehato ea ts'ireletso libakeng tsa ho ikatisa le ho falla ha linonyana. Moriri ea hlooho e sootho, leha a na le palo e kholo le sebopeho sa subspecies, ba ts'osetsoa ke ho rengoa ha meru e kholo le phetoho ea maemo a leholimo.

Mefuta ena e ela hloko haholo ho futhumala ha lefatše Europe, mariha a mongobo a nang le qhibilihiso a ama ho theoha ha lipalo tsa linonyana. Ka hona, ho phela ha mefuta e tloaelehileng ho ba thata ka liphetoho tsa tšohanyetso tsa mocheso. Ho phaella moo, li-chickpeas hangata li bontša li-parasitism tsa lihlaha-li lahlela mahe a tsona lihlaheng tsa mefuta e meng ea linonyana. Boitšoaro bona boa tšosa ebile bo supa hore mofuta ona o tlokotsing sebakeng sa ona sa bolulo.

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