Omul - tlhapi ea mofuta oa tlhapi ea tlhapi ea tlhapi e bitsoang whitefish e na le lebitso ka Selatine - Coregonus autumnalis. Baikal omul ea bohlokoa ke mofuta o arohaneng: Coregonus migratorius, ke hore, "whitefish e fallang", e ile ea hlalosoa ka lekhetlo la pele ka mahlale ke 1775 ke IG Georgi.
Tšimoloho ea mofuta le tlhaloso
Setšoantšo: Omul
Mofuta o mong oa arctic o lula mabopong a Leoatle la Leboea. Litlhapi tsena ke tlhapi e bonoang ka mokhoa o makatsang 'me e tsoala ho tsoala linoka tse ka leboea tsa Alaska, Canada le Russia. Pejana, litlhapi tsa Baikal li ne li nkuoa e le karoloana ea Arctic mme e ne e bitsoa Coregonus autumnalis migratorius. Kamora ho etsa lithuto tsa lefutso, ho ile ha fumaneha hore Baikal omul e haufi le tlhapi e tšoeu e tloaelehileng kapa herring whitefish, mme e ne e arotsoe e le mofuta o ikemetseng.
Mabapi le lithuto tsena, khopolo-taba mabapi le ho kenella ha Arctic omul ho tsoa linokeng tsa Leoatle la Arctic nakong ea merabe, lilemong tse ka bang likete tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng, ha e lumellane. Mohlomong, Baikal omul e hlahile mefuteng ea baholo-holo e fumanoeng Oligocene le Miocene matšeng a metsi a futhumetseng le linokeng.
Video: Omul
Coregonus autumnalis kapa Ice Tomsk omul e Russia e fumanoa leboea ho noka. Mezen ho Chaunsky Bay, ntle le Noka ea Ob, e fumaneha Koung ea Ob le linokeng tsa boahelani, ho na le Penzhin.
Lihlahisoa tsa litlhapi li ka aroloa ka libaka tsa ho tsoala ho:
- Pechora;
- Yenisei;
- Khatanga;
- Lena;
- boits'oaro;
- Kolyma.
Lebopong la leqhoa la Leboea. Ho tloha Cape Barrow le Noka ea Colville ho ea Cornichen Bay Amerika, C. laurettae Bean, C. Alascanus ea fumanoa, e kopantsoeng joalo ka mohala oa C. autumnalis. Omul ke mofuta oa litlhapi tse lulang haufi le lebopo la Ireland - Coregonus pollan Thompson.
Tloaeleho e tsoang letšeng le tebileng ka ho fetisisa lefats'eng e na le mefuta e mengata ea eco e ka hlophisoang ka:
- lebopong;
- pelagic;
- metsi a botebo bo tlase.
Baikal omul le eona e ka aroloa ka mehlape e mengata ho latela sebaka sa ho hlahisa:
- chivyrkuyskoe (metsi a botebo bo tlase);
- Selenga (pelargic);
- lenassosa (metsi a botebo bo tlase);
- severobaikalskoe (lebopong).
Pejana, mefuta ea mabopong ea Barguzin le eona e ne e khetholloa, empa ka lebaka la palo e kholo ea mapolanka e neng e ts'oaroa haufi le Noka ea Barguzin, e ne e batla e felisitsoe, leha bongata bona bo ne bo le bongata. Bohareng ba lekholo la ho qetela la lilemo, o fane ka li-cent cent tse likete tse 15 tsa litlhapi.
Mohlape oa lenassosa joale o hlahisoa ka maiketsetso ho tsoa mahe a qhotsitsoeng. Li-subspecies tse itlhahisang ka tlhaho Letšeng la Baikal li ka buisanoa ka taba ea Severobaikalsk, Chivyrkuisk le Selenga omul. Hona joale baahi bohle ba boemong bo sithabetsang maikutlo.
Naheng ea Mongolia, Baikal omul e qalile ho hlahisoa ka 1956 Letšeng la Khubuzgul, moo e lulang hona joale mme e nyolla linoka ho tsoala. Libakeng tse ling, moo ho bileng le liteko tsa ho tsoala tlhapi ena, ha ho na baahi ba itlhahisang.
Ponahalo le likarolo
Photo: O shebahala joang
Ho omul, joalo ka ho baahi ba bang ba likarolo tse bohareng tsa metsi, molomo o qetellong ea hlooho, o shebile ka kotloloho, ke hore, terminal, mehlahare e lekana ka bolelele mme e ka tlase ha e fete e kaholimo, hlooho e nyane.
Bohare ba 'mele bo feta mahlo a maholo. Ho ipapisitse le mefuta le tikoloho ea Arctic le Baikal omul:
- branchial stamens ho tloha likotoana tse 34 ho isa ho tse 55;
- maqhubu a 60-66 likhomphutha;
- palo ea litekanyo moleng o fetang lehlakoreng ke li-pcs tse 800-100;
- li-appendages tsa mala tsa pyloric (tse foufetseng) likotoana tse 133-217;
- ka 'mala, omul e ka ba le bosootho bo bosootho kapa botala holimo,' me mahlakore le mpa li boreleli. Ho na le matheba a lefifi ntlheng ea mokokotlo le hloohong ea Baikal omul.
Boholo ba karolelano ea motho e moholo ke 25-45 cm, bolelele bo ka fihla ho 63 cm, mme boima ke 1-3 kg. Baahi ba Arctic ba nang le mafura a 'mele a phetseng hantle ba phela lilemo tse ka bang 10, lilemo tse tsebahalang haholo ke lilemo tse 16. Nokeng Lena omul a ka phela ho fihlela lilemo tse 20.
Mefuta ea Baikal e na le boholo bo bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 36-38, e ka fihla lisenthimithara tse 55-60. Ka boholo ba eona bo bonyenyane, e ka ba boima ba 250 ho isa ho 1.5 kg, ka linako tse ling e le 2 kg. Litlhapi tse lulang leboea la letša li nyane ho feta baemeli ba boroa. 'Mele oa eona o bolelele, o na le sebopeho se lumellanang se bopehileng ka cigar, se rerang esale pele motsamao oa metsing ka lebelo le letle.
Taba e khahlisang: Hoa tsebahala hore pejana Baikal e ile ea ts'oaroa ke batho ba 7-10 kg, empa ho ts'epahala ha lintlha tsena ha ho so pakoe. Setšoantšo se seholo se tlalehiloeng ho tsoa ho baahi ba Selenga se ne se le boima ba hoo e ka bang 5500 g, bolelele ba 500 mm.
Litlhapi tsa Baikal:
- pelargic le moqotetsane o qetellang ka caudal, ke li-barrel tse ngata, ho na le tse 44-55 tsa tsona;
- Litlhapi tsa lebopong li na le hlooho e telele le 'mele o molelele; li-gill stamens li lula khafetsa mme ho na le tse fokolang ho tsona - likhomphutha tse 40-48. Li bitsoa stamen e mahareng;
- pela-tlase-tlase-tlase-metsi - batho ba maemo a manyane. Li-stamen tsa tsona li telele ebile li thata, li ka ba likhomphutha tse 36-44. Hlooho e lelefalitsoe 'meleng o phahameng o nang le lesela le phahameng la caudal.
Omul o lula kae?
Setšoantšo: Omul Russia
Mefuta ea semi-anadromous arctic e hlaha ka har'a linoka ho ea libakeng ebe e sebelisa sebaka sohle se lebopong la leoatle bakeng sa ho fepa. Ke moahi ea ka leboea ho litlhapi tsohle tse tšoeu, ho feta moo, e lula metsing a letsoai le ka bang 22%, e ka fumanoa le metsing a letsoai a mangata. Lehlabula u ka e fumana Leoatleng la Kara le haufi le lebopo la Lihlekehleke tsa Novosibirsk.
Mefuta e atileng ea Baikal e fumaneha ka letšeng le linokeng tse phallelang ho eona. Hlabula, e lula bohareng kapa bokaholimo. Lehlabula, len ambosa le chivyrkuisky le teba botebong ba limithara tse 350, mariha ho fihlela ho 500 m Mariha, Selenginsky le Severobaikalsky ha li ee botebong ba limithara tse 300.
Ho ts. Bolshaya Kultuchnaya, r. Abramikha, r. Bolshaya Rechka, e phallelang ho Ambassadorial Sor, e hlahisa mefuta ea Moemeli. Ka mor'a ho tsoala, litlhapi li khutlela letšeng. Selenga omul e nang le mefuta e mengata ea pelargic e nyolla Selenga lik'hilomithara tse makholo a 'maloa ebe e kena melapong ea eona ea Chikoy le Orkhon. Bohareng ba rake raul omul e ea hlaha ka har'a linoka tsa bolelele bo mahareng: Angara e kaholimo, Kichera, Barguzin.
Metsi a mangata-ngata a omul a phahama bakeng sa ho qhalana ka har'a melatsoana e menyenyane mme e na le tsela ea ho qhekella - ho fihlela ho km tse hlano, nokeng ea Small Chivyrkuy le Bezymyanka, ho fihlela 30 km nokeng ea Bolshoy Chivyrkuy le Bolshaya Rechka.
Hona joale ua tseba hore na omul fumanoa. A re boneng hore na tlhapi ena e ja eng.
Omul o ja eng?
Setšoantšo: Fish omul
Lenaneo le ka sehloohong la baahi ba Leoatle la Tomsk le na le li-crustaceans le bacha ba litlhapi, tsena ke li-amphipods, mysids, bacha ba whitefishes, polar cod, smelt. Baahi ba metsing ba mafura haholo, ba tletse ka bokahare bohle ba litlhapi.
Batho ba Pelargic Baikal ka botebo ba limithara tse 300-450 ba iphumanela lijo tse nang le phepo e ntle, e nang le zooplankton, litlhapi tse nyane le bacha. Karolo ea menu ke benthos, ke hore, mefuta e fapaneng ya lintho tse phelang tse holim 'a mobu ka tlas'a metsi le ka dikarolo tsa lona ka holimo. Karolo e ka sehloohong ea lijo ke Baikal Epishura. Plankton, e entsoeng ka li-copepods tse nyane tse fumanehang kahara naha, e emela hoo e ka bang 90% ea biomass ea letša lena
Batho ba baholo ba omul ba khetha moahi e mong ea tsebahalang oa metsing a Baikal - Branitsky macrohectopus. Baahi ba bitsa moemeli enoa oa Gammarids Yur. Ke eona feela "amphipod crustacean" e fumanehang metsing a hloekileng a pelargia.
Taba e khahlisang: Ho hola bana ba omul ba boima ba 1 kg, o hloka 10 kg ea li-copepod tsa Epishura. Ho hlokahala chelete e lekanang ho hola 1 kg ea macrohectopus, e fuoang motho e moholo ea omul.
Haeba pokello ea epishura ka metsing e le ka tlase ho likete tse 30 ho 1 m3, omul e fetohela lijong tsa amphipods ka botlalo, 'me Fry e ntse e tsoela pele ho li fepa. Ho na le sebaka se le seng se atileng sa Baikal - golomyanka. Bacha ba tlhapi ena e fetohang, e nang le mafura, ba ea ho tlatsa lijo tsa omul ka ho hloka li-copepods. Ka kakaretso, lenane la Baikal omul le kenyelletsa mefuta e 45 ea litlhapi le liphoofolo tse se nang lesapo la mokokotlo.
Ho ipapisitse le nako, lijo li ka fapana:
- hlabula - epischura, bocha ba litlhapi (gobies, Arctic cod, letjeketjane);
- ka hoetla - golomyanka, goby e nang le mapheo a mosehla, li-amphipods;
- mariha - li-amphipods, golomyanka;
- nakong ea selemo - li-amphipods, li-gobies tse nyane;
- Bacha ba li-yellowfly goby, mofuta o mong o tsebahalang haholo, omul e iphepa ka likhoeli tse 9 tsa selemo.
Goby ka boeona e tsoala hararo ka selemo: ka Hlakubele, Mots'eanong le Phato, 'me e lula hohle Lets'eng la Baikal, le fanang ka omul ka setsi sa furu se tšepahalang.
Lenane la mefuta ea mabopo a leoatle le sebelisang lehlabula le hoetla ka metsing a sa tebang le na le:
- macrohectopus 33%;
- likepe tsa pelagic 27%;
- li-zooplankton 23%;
- lintho tse ling 17%.
Ho batho ba haufi le tlase-tlase-tlase-tlase ba phelang botebong ba limithara tse 350, sebopeho sa lijo se khetholloa ka:
- macrohectopus 52%;
- litlhapi tse nyane 25%;
- li-gammarid tse tlase 13%;
- zooplankton 9%.
Likarolo tsa semelo le mokhoa oa bophelo
Setšoantšo: Baikal omul
Omul o phela nako e telele mme o fa bana makhetlo a mangata, leha baemeli ba Leoatle la Tomsk ba hloloheloa hangata 'me ba ka hlahisa bana makhetlo a 2-3 feela. Palo e kholo ea Baikal omul karolong e ka boroa ea Letša la Baikal ke ea Selenga, kaha e phahama bakeng sa ho qhalana haufi le noka ena le melatsoana e meng ea boahelani ea letša lena. Kamora ho fepa lehlabula, ho tloha likhohlong tse sa tebang tsa metsi tsa Selenginskoe ho tloha mafelong a Phato ho fihlela qetellong ea Pulungoana ho phahama, ka mocheso oa metsi oa 9-14 °. Mohlape o ka fihla hloohong ea limilione tse 1.5 - 7, 'me palo ea mahe a behelang ke likotoana tse 25-30 limilione tse likete.
Bakeng sa mariha, omul e ea bolibeng, ho latela mofuta, Leoatleng la Maloye, Verkhne-Angarskoye, Selenginskoye metsi a sa tebang, likou tsa Chevyrkuisky le Barguzinsky (ho fihlela ho 300 m), moemeli oa semulong metsing a sa tebang a Selenginsky (200-350 m).
Nakong ea selemo litlhapi li ea lebopong. O falla selemo ho ea batla lijo. Ha metsi a haufi le lebopo a futhumala mme a phahama kaholimo ho 18 °, palo ea epishura ea fokotseha, omul e kena ka letšeng le bulehileng, moo puso ea mocheso e sa nyoloheng kaholimo ho 15 °. Nakong ena, ke mona moo ho ikatisa ka bongata le kholo ea mefuta ea pelargic ho etsahalang.
North Baikal omul e fihla kholo ka selemo sa bone, Selenginsky, Barguzinsky, Chivyrkuisky - ho la bohlano, le moemeli - ka la bosupa. Nakong ena ea lilemo, batho ka bomong ba ikopanya le sekolo se hlahisang bana. Nakong ea ho tsoala litlhapi ha li je, 'me kamora hore li qale ho fepa ka matla (batšoasi ba litlhapi ba li bitsa zhor), ba nona mafura.
Taba e khahlisang: Omul e ka fana ka bana ho fihlela lilemo tse 15, empa, ka ho lahleheloa ke bokhoni bona, e ntse e tsoela pele ho latela mohlape o hlahisang.
Moralo oa sechaba le tlhahiso
Setšoantšo: Arctic omul
Omul e tsoala selemo le selemo ka qaleho ea kholo ea kholo ea thobalano. Litlhapi tsa hoetla tse pepang nakong ea hoetla li feta noka (ntle le mefuta ea metsi a tebileng) ho fihla ho sekete sa km, e feta metsing a sa tebang le mabopong.
Ho qhotsa ho hlaha libakeng tse phallang ka potlako (ho potlakisa ho fihla ho 1.4 m / s), empa eseng khubung ea hona joale, moo ho nang le lejoana le katlase kapa le majoe. Ts'ebetso ea ho tsoala e etsahala lefifing. Mahe, 2mm ka boholo, a mmala wa lamunu. Palo ea mahe a basali ba banyenyane ke likotoana tse likete tse 5-15, ho batho ba baholo - likotoana tse 20-30 tse likete. Roe e ka tlase e khomaretse holim'a mobu. Kholiso ea mahe a emeng ka mocheso oa 0-2 ° e nka matsatsi a ka bang 200
Ambassadorial omul e kena linokeng habeli. Motsoako oa pele ke ka Loetse mocheso oa 10-13 ° le Mphalane ka 3-4 °. Ho tloha mafelong a Mmesa ho isa qalong ea Mots'eanong, liboko li qhotsoa ka limilimithara tse 10-12 ka boholo le boima ba 6 mg. Mocheso oa metsi ka nako ena o tloha ho 0 ° ho isa ho 6 °. Kamora hore e futhumale ho fihla ho 11 ° le ho feta mabopong a Letša la Baikal, liboko li tsoaloa bocha hore li hadikane ebe li namela ka holim'a letša.
Fry e tsamaisoa ke metsi a linoka ho a isa ho Ambassador Sor. Ho ja nako e ka etsang khoeli, li ja plankton, li thunya ho fihlela ho 5 mm. Lenaneo le na le lihlopha tse 15 tsa mefuta e 55 ea likokoana-hloko. Mokhahlelong oa hoqetela oa nts'etsopele, fry e bolelele ba 31 -35.5 mm. Ka selemo sa bohlano sa bophelo, omul e butsoa, e fihla bolelele ba cm 27 le boima ba 0.5 kg.
Ka Mphalane-Tshitwe pele ho hoama, Baikal le Selenga ba hlaha. Caviar e beoa nakong ea khoeli mochesong oa metsi oa 0 - 4 °. Ha mocheso o theoha qalong ea "embryogenesis", nts'etsopele e potlakile mme ts'ebetso e ka ba matsatsi a 180.
Boholo ba litlhapi tse tsoalang ka lekhetlo la pele bo fapana le palo ea baahi:
- Selenginskaya - 33-35 cm, 32.9-34.9 cm, 350-390 g;
- chivyrkuiskaya - 32-33 cm, 395 g;
- Severobaikalskaya - 28 cm, 265 -285 g;
- manassosa - 34.5 - 35 cm, 560 - 470
Palo ea li-stock tse eang bakeng sa ho hlahisa le tsona li latela selemo le sechaba, kakaretso ea lihlooho tse limilione tse 7.5 - 12, ho kenyeletsoa ho fihla ho limilione tse 1.2 ho Upper Angara le Kichera, le ho fihla ho limilione tse 3 Selenga. Selenginsky omul e beha palo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea caviar - ho fihlela ho limilione tse likete tsa 30, Severobaikalsky - ho fihlela 13 billion, ambassadorial - up to 1.5 billion, Chivyrkuisky - up to 1.5 billion. Mahe a phela ka 5-10% pele liboko li hlaha. Kamora ho fela ha kholo ea embryonic, ho fihlela ho 30% ea liboko li khutlela letšeng.
Taba e khahlisang: Ho mahe a lekholo a fumanoeng nakong ea poloko ea maiketsetso sebakeng sa polokelo ea litlhapi tsa Posolsky, ke tlhapi e le 'ngoe feela e fihlelang kholo ea thobalano. Tlas'a maemo a tlhaho, mahe a 10 000 a behelletsoeng linokeng tse hloekileng tlasa maemo a matle, mahe a 6 a phela ho fihlela a holile.
Lira tsa tlhaho tsa omul
Photo: O shebahala joang
E 'ngoe ea lira tsa omul e ka nkuoa e le tiiso ea Baikal, leha e le hore lenane la eona la mantlha ke golomyanka, ha e khahlanong le ho ja omul. Batšoasi ba litlhapi ba etsa sebe ho Baikal pinniped, leha tiiso e rata omul, ho thata ho e ts'oara ka metsing a hlakileng. Ka hona, tiiso e khetha ho hloella ka har'a matlooa, moo ho seng ho ntse ho na le litlhapi tse ngata.
Sera se seng ke li-cormorants tsa Baikal. Linonyana tsena li ja litlhapi. Joale, ka lebaka la liketso tsa paballo ea tlhaho, palo ea linonyana tsena e eketsehile, empa leha ho le joalo li ke ke tsa ama palo ea litlhapi haholo. Ba ka tšoasa omul le libere, leha a qoba libaka tse nyane, likhahla tsa lithaba, moo maoto a maoto a maoto a maoto a tloaetseng ho tšoasa litlhapi, empa ha ho na le sekolo se seholo, ho na le ho hong ho oelang marameng a bere. Li-omul li tsongoa ka katleho ke otter.
Kotsi ea tlhahiso e ncha ea omul e hlahisoa ke projeke ea phumants'o ea peled bakeng sa tlhahiso ea khoebo. Pele, tlhapi ena, joalo ka omul, e iphepa ka plankton, ho bolelang hore e tla qothisana lehlokoa le phepelo ea lijo. Taba ea bobeli, ha ho tšoaroa peled, omul le eona e tla nkuoa, e tla lebisa ho fokotseheng ha baahi ba eona.
Sera se seholo sa omul ke motho le mesebetsi ea hae. Tlhapi ena esale e le ntho eo ho tšoasoang litlhapi ho eona, empa qetellong ea li-60 tsa lekholo le fetileng la lilemo, ho ile ha hlokomeloa hore palo ea litlhapi tsa bohlokoa e theohile haholo, ka 1969 thibelo e ile ea hlahisoa ho ts'oasa litlhapi tsa eona. Thibelo e ile ea tlosoa lilemo tse leshome hamorao. Ho tloha ka la 1 Mphalane 2017, e boetse e thibetsoe ho tsoma omul, kaha biomass ea eona e fokotsehile haholo lilemong tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng mme e ka ba lithane tse likete tse 20.
Ka Chivyrkuisky le Barguzinsky boema-kepe ho na le linako tse peli tse ka sehloohong tsa ho ts'oasa lihlapi, ha omul e kena metsing a sa tebang: nako ea qalo ea leqhoa le pele ho matsatsi a leshome a pele a Phupu, ea bobeli, ha omul e ts'oaroe haholo (ho fihlela ho limithara tse 200) ka matlooa, kamora ho hoama. Ka nako ena, poaching e atile haholoholo. Ho fihlela lilemong tsa bo-90 tsa lekholo la ho qetela la lilemo, matlooa a tebileng a ne a sa sebelisoe, a tšoasa omul ho tloha botebong bo sa tebang le bo bohareng, 'me litlhapi li ile tsa khutlela mekoting ea mariha ka molumo o moholo.
Ka nako e telele mapolanka a rafting a bakile tšenyo ho omul le tikoloho eohle ea Letša la Baikal. Ho rengoa ha meru le tšilafalo ea tikoloho le hona ho bile le phello e mpe ho baahi ba omul. Ho tloha ka 1966, leloala la makhasi le pampiri le ntse le sebetsa lebopong la Letša la Baikal, le neng le koetsoe feela ka 2013. Semela se ts'oanang se sebetsa Selenga.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Setšoantšo: Omul
Palo ea batho ba omul Letšeng la Baikal e bile maemong a sithabetsang lilemong tse leshome le metso e mehlano tse fetileng. Lipontšo tsa likokoana-hloko tse amanang le sekhahla sa kholo, mafura, monono, ho ba le bana lia fokotseha. Karolo e 'ngoe e bakoa ke ho fokotseha ha libaka tsa ho hlahisa makhasi a yellowfly goby, e leng o mong oa mehloli e meholo ea lijo tsa omul.
Ichthyologist Tyunin etsa tlhahiso ea hore ho ikatisa ha omul susumetsoa ke mosebetsi letsatsi, liphetoho cyclical ka tlelaemete, mocheso puso ea letšeng metsi. Potoloho ena ea ho putlama ha moruo e na le nako ea lilemo tse 40-50. Moruo oa hoqetela o ne o le lilemong tsa bo-70 tsa lekholo la ho qetela la lilemo, nako e latelang e oela qalong ea li-20 tsa lekholo lena la lilemo.
Taba e khahlisang: Litlhapi tse kholo ka ho fetisisa li entsoe lilemong tsa bo-40 tsa lekholo le fetileng la lilemo. Eaba ba tšoasa ho fihlela ho 60,000 - 80,000 tons ka selemo.
Palo ea lehe e theohile ho tloha ho li-unit tse limilione tse hlano ho isa ho tse tharo lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng. Sena se thusitsoe haholo ke nts'etsopele ea bohahlauli le kaho ea metheo lebopong la letša, e bakileng ho fokotseha ha palo ea li-gobi mme, ka lebaka leo, omul. Ho eketsa palo ea baahi, ho nkuoa mehato e seng feela ea ho thibela ho ts'oasa lihlapi le ho loants'a ho tsongoa hampe. Thibelo ea ho tšoasa omul e tla tsoelapele ho fihlela 2021. Ho fihlela nako eo, ho beoa leihlo ho tla etsahala, 'me ho ipapisitsoe le liphetho tsa eona, ho tla etsoa qeto ea ho tsoela pele kapa ho e hula.
Hona joale omul e boetse e hlahisoa ka maiketsetso. Baetsi ba fetang likete tse 500 ba kentse letsoho ho sena, le li-unit tse limilione tse 770. diboko. Ka 2019, li-larvae tse 410 tsa omul li ile tsa lokolloa limeleng tsa Bolsherechensky, Selenginsky, Barguzinsky, e leng makhetlo a mane ho feta ka 2018 le makhetlo a 8 ho feta lilemong tse peli tse fetileng. Ho boloka palo ea batho, ho sebelisoa mokhoa o tsoetseng pele oa pokello ea caviar, e lumellang litlhapi ho khutlela maemong a tsona a tlhaho. Ho 2019, ho ne ho reretsoe ho eketsa sekhahla sa ho ts'oasa litlhapi tsa omul ka 30% molemong oa ho lokolla liboko tse fetang limilione tse 650 selemong se tlang.
Ho eketsa palo ea litlhapi, ho hlokahala hore ho beoe leihlo bohloeki ba ho hlahisa linoka, ho li tlosa ho lehong la driftwood. Ntlafatso ea libaka tsa polokelo ea lihlapi e tla eketsa palo ea liboko tse lokolloang, hape ho hlokahala hore ho qale ho holisa li-fry moo ho fihlela nako e sebetsang. Phokotso ea ho rengoa ha meru, tlhokomelo ea puso ea hydrological Letšeng la Baikal le melatsoana ea eona, ts'ebeliso e nepahetseng ea mobu ntle le khoholeho ea mobu e tla boloka tikoloho le ho ama keketseho ea palo ea litlhapi omul.
Letsatsi la phatlalatso: la 27 Mphalane, 2019
Letsatsi le ntlafalitsoeng: 01.09.2019 ka 21:14
