Lishaka li robala joang

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Pele o tseba hore na lishaka li robala joang, o hloka ho fumana hore na ha e le hantle, liphoofolo tsena tsa litonanahali tsa leoatle (tse emeloang ke mefuta e 450) li tloaelane le mohopolo o kang boroko.

Na lishaka li robetse kapa che?

Ho robala hantle (joalo ka motho) ha ho tloaelehileng ho lishaka. Ho lumeloa hore shaka e fe kapa e fe ha e lumelle phomolo ho feta metsotso e 60, ho seng joalo e sokeloa ke ho bipetsana.... Ha e phaphamala, metsi a potoloha ho eona mme a hlatsoa methapo, e ts'ehetsang ts'ebetso ea ho hema.

Hoa thahasellisa! Ho robala ka lebelo le felletseng ho tletse ho emisa ho hema kapa ho oela tlase, ho lateloa ke lefu: botebong bo boholo, tlhapi e robetseng e tla batalatsoa feela ke khatello.

Boroko ba litlhapi tsena tsa khale tsa lefufuru (tse neng li phela Lefatšeng ka lilemo tse fetang limilione tse 450) ho ka thoe ke khefu e qobelloang le e khuts'oane ea mmele, e hopotsang boroko bo fetang feela.

Sesa ho hema

Tlhaho e amohile lishaka tsa senya sa ho sesa (seo litlhapi tsohle tse nang le masapo li nang le sona), se lefellang botle ba tsona bo bobe ka masapo a lefufuru, sebete se seholo le mapheoana. Boholo ba lishaka ha bo emise ho tsamaea, hobane ho emisa ho lebisa ho qoela hanghang.

Boemong bo molemo ho feta ba bang ke lishaka tsa lehlabathe, tse ithutileng ho koenya moea le ho o boloka ka pokothong e khethehileng ea mpa. Setsi se qapiloeng sa hydrostatic (swim bladder replacement) ha se ikarabelle feela bakeng sa botle ba shaka ea lehlabathe, empa hape se nolofalletsa bophelo ba sona haholo, ho kenyelletsa le phomolo e khuts'oane ea phomolo.

Phefumoloha ho phela

Lishaka, joalo ka litlhapi tsohle, li hloka oksijene, eo ba e fumanang metsing a fetang malapeng a bona.

Litho tsa phefumoloho ea shaka ke mekotla e tsoang malapeng e kenang ka pharynx, le tse kantle holima 'mele (mahlakoreng a hlooho). Litsebi tsa baeloji li bala ho tloha lipara tse 5 ho isa ho tse 7 tsa li-gill slits ka mefuta e fapaneng, e ka pela mapheoana a letlalo. Ha motho a hema, mali le metsi li tsamaea ka mose oane.

Hoa thahasellisa! Ka litlhapi tse nang le masapo, metsi a hlatsoa likokoana-hloko ka lebaka la motsamao oa likhurumetso tsa li-gill, tse sieo ho lishaka. Ka hona, litlhapi tsa lefufuru li khanna metsi ka har'a li-gill tsa morao-rao: e kena molomong ebe e tsoa ka har'a li-slits.

Shark e tlameha ho tsamaea e sa khaotse e ahlamisitse molomo e le hore ho hema ho se emise. Joale ho hlakile hore na hobaneng lishaka, li kentsoe ka letamong le lenyane, li opa melomo e bulehileng: ha li na motsamao, ka hona ke oksijene.

Lishaka li robala le ho phomola joang

Litsebi tse ling tsa li-ichthyologists li na le bonnete ba hore mefuta e meng ea lishaka e ka robala kapa ea phomola, e emisa ts'ebetso ea bona ea ho lula ba le teng.

Hoa tsebahala hore ba khona ho robala ba sa sisinyehe ka tlase.

  • lehlaka la whitetip;
  • lishaka tsa lengau;
  • ts'ebetsong;
  • mangeloi a leoatle;
  • mustacheoed nurse shark.

Mefuta ena ea benthic e ithutile ho pompa metsi ka li-gill ho sebelisa ho bula / ho koala molomo le mosebetsi o lumellanang oa mesifa ea gill le pharynx. Likoti tse kamora mahlo (squirt) le tsona li thusa ho tsamaisa metsi hantle.

Litsebi tsa baeloji li fana ka maikutlo a hore pelagic shark (e phelang botebong bo boholo) e qobelloa ho lula e tsamaea ka lebaka la bofokoli ba mesifa ea li-gill, e sitoang ho sebetsana ka katleho le ho pompa metsi ka har'a li-gill.

Hoa thahasellisa! Bo-rasaense ba na le khopolo ea hore li-pelagic shark (joalo ka li-dolphin) lia robala, li tima li-hemispheres tsa leqele le le letona la boko ka tsela e ngoe.

Ho na le liphetolelo tse ling tse hlalosang mokhoa oa boroko ba shaka. Ho lumeloa hore mefuta e meng e sesa e batla e fihla lebopong, e lokisa 'mele lipakeng tsa majoe: ha phallo ea metsi e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho hema e etsoa ke leqhubu la leoatle.

Ho ea ka li-ichthyologists, lishaka li ka robala tlase haeba li fumana sebaka se khutsitseng se nang le liphetoho tse bonahalang tikolohong ea metsing (ho tloha maqhubu a maholo kapa a maqhubu). Ka hibernation e joalo, ts'ebeliso ea oksijene e fokotsoa ho isa ho zero.

Lintho tse ikhethang tsa ho robala li boetse li fumanoe ho li-shark tsa ntja tse tlamang, tse ileng tsa fetoha lipatlisiso tsa litsebi tsa methapo ea pelo. Bo-rasaense ba fihletse qeto ea hore lithuto tsa bona tsa liteko li ka robala ... ha li tsamaea, kaha setsi sa methapo se tsamaisang 'mele se ka mokokotlong. Sena se bolela hore shaka e khona ho sesa torong, kaha pele e ne e hakolotse boko.

Matsatsi a phomolo libakeng tsa Caribbean

Letoto la lipono tsa lishaka li ne li etsoa haufi le Hloahloa ea Yucatan, e arolang Kou ea Mexico le Caribbean. Haufi le hloahloeng, ho na le lehaha le ka tlasa metsi, moo bafuputsi ba fumaneng lishaka tsa mafika li robetse hantle (ka ho li habanya feela). Bona, ho fapana le lishaka tsa whitetip, ba nkuoa e le batho ba sesang ba mafolofolo, ba tsamaeang ba sa khathale karolong ea metsi.

Ha ho hlahlojoa ka hloko, ho ile ha fumaneha hore litlhapi li entse phefumoloho e 20-28 ka motsotso, li sebelisa mesifa ea molomo le molomo. Bo-rasaense ba bitsa mokhoa ona ho phalla kapa ho kenya moea o kenang kahare: li-gill li ile tsa hlatsuoa ka metsi a tsoang lilibeng tse ncha tse tsoang ka tlase.

Ichthyologists ba kholisehile hore lishaka qeta matsatsi a 'maloa ka mahaheng le hona joale fokola, ho robala fatše' me a oela ka mofuta oa torpor, eo mesebetsi eohle fisioloji haholo fokotseha.

Hoa thahasellisa! Ba boetse ba fumane hore ka hara lehaha metsi (ka lebaka la liliba tse ncha) ho na le oksijene e ngata le letsoai le fokolang. Litsebi tsa baeloji li khothalelitse hore metsi a fetotsoeng a sebetsa joalo ka sethethefatsi se thibelang lishaka.

Ho latela pono ea bo-ramahlale, ba bang kaofela ka lehaheng ba ne ba sa tšoane hantle le toro: mahlo a lishaka a latela motsamao oa ba qoelang ba scuba... Nakoana kamora moo, ho ile ha hlokomeloa hape hore, ntle le lishaka tsa mafika, mefuta e meng e hlophiselitsoe ho phomola litsing tsa boikhathollo, ho kenyeletsoa mooki shark, sand shark, Caribbean, blue le bull shark.

Video ea hore na lishaka li robala joang

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