Lebitso le tloaelehileng "skinks" le pata mefuta e fetang sekete le halofo ea mofuta o le mong, e mengata ka ho fetisisa, lelapa la mekholutsoane. Ke ka lebaka lena Scincidae e fapaneng haholo le mokhoa oa bophelo, chebahalo, mekhoa ea ho ja le tsela eo li ikatisang ka eona.
Tlhaloso ea li-skinks
Phapang lipakeng tsa li-skinks e qala ka bokantle: tse ling li pentiloe ka mokhoa o khanyang, tse ling ha li hlahise maikutlo.... Mekholutsoane e menyenyane ea lisenthimithara tse 6 (mohlala, skink ea bochabela bo hōle) e na le beng ka eona ba baholohali, joalo ka "chain-tailed skink", e holang ho fihlela 70 cm.
Litsebi tsa baeloji li bitsa tšobotsi e kopanyang lisinki tsohle - sekala se boreleli (se batlang se le tlhapi) se lutseng lipoleiting tsa masapo: ke mefuta e fokolang feela e nang le mokokotlo kapa li-tubercles. Sekala sa mokokotlo le mpa li batla li lekana ka sebopeho.
Hlooho e koahetsoe ke lits'oants'o tse lumellanang; lehata le tšoauoa ka li-arches tsa nakoana. Meno a letlalo ha a kobeha ebile a kobehile hanyane. Lihahabi tse jang li-molluscs le limela li bataletse ebile li atolositse meno.
Hoa thahasellisa! Skinks e shebile lefats'e ka mahlo a nang le mahlo a arohaneng a tsamaeang le bana ba chitja. Ba bang ba ka bona ka mahlo a koetsoeng, a nolofatsoang ke "fensetere" e bonaletsang ea leihlo le tlase. Mahlo a mahlo, joalo ka linoha, a kopantse mahlo.
Lelapa la Scincidae le kenyelletsa batho ba se nang maoto le "ba maoto a mane", ho kenyeletsoa:
- noha e senang leoto;
- ka maoto le matsoho a khutsoanyane le menoana ea maoto e sa tsoelang pele;
- ka maoto le matsoho a khutsoanyane le palo e tloaelehileng ea menoana;
- ka menoana le maoto le matsoho tse holisitsoeng hantle.
Boholo ba li-skink li na le mohatla o molelele, empa e boetse e khuts'oane, e sebelisetsoa libaka tsa mafura (skick-tailed skink) kapa ho ts'oara (skin-tailed skink). Hoo e ka bang linoko tsohle, mohatla o khaoha ka kotsi. Ha ea lelekisang a ntse a shebile pelehi, mokholutsoane oa baleha.
Mefuta ea skinks
Skinks e arotsoe ka malapa a mane, mefuta e ka bang 130 le mefuta e fetang likete tse 1.5. Ke malapa a manyane feela a ka thathamisitsoeng (ka har'a moralo oa sengoloa):
- li-ligosomal skinks ke lelapa le emelang ka ho fetisisa, ho kenyeletsoa le genera ea 96;
- li-skinks tse foufetseng - mofuta o le mong feela oa li-skinks tse se nang maoto ke tsa eona;
- acontium skinks;
- hlakola.
Haeba lihahabi tsohle li khona ho kopana, ho ka etsahala hore li se ke tsa tseba beng ka tsona ba haufi. Joalo ka khoune ea mokokotlo (ka lebaka la sekala se makukuno), khafetsa ea Australia e tla makatsoa ke kamano le Alai gologlaz ea bohata, e khasa lithabeng tsa Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan le Tajikistan.
Mekholutsoane ea arboreal (e nang le lipoleiti ka hare ho maoto, e leng ho nolofalletsang ho hloa likutu le makhasi) ha ho bonahale eka e ka koalloa ka mokokotlong ke likhahla tse se nang maoto tse lulang Afrika.
Leha ho le joalo, tsena tsohle tse kholo le tse nyane, tse fapaneng le tse monochromatic, tse foufetseng le tse mahlo a maholo, lihahabi tse jang liphoofolo le tse jang tse ling ke tsa lelapa le le leng la Scincidae.
Habitat, habitats
Ka lebaka la mefuta ea tsona e fapaneng, li-skinks li lula lefats'eng lohle, ntle le Antarctica.... Hangata li fumaneha lefapheng la tropike, empa li sa tloaeleha libakeng tse hole haholo (leboea / boroa) tsa equator.
Skinks e emetsoe ka bongata lik'honthinenteng tsa Australia le Afrika, Lihlekehleke tsa Pacific le linaheng tsa Asia Boroa-bochabela. Lihahabi tsena (ho latela mofuta oa tsona) li atleha libakeng tse futhumetseng le libakeng tsa tropike, ho kenyelletsa lithaba, masabasaba, meru e mongobo le mahoatata.
Mokgwa wa bophelo
Boteng ba li-skinks (hape ka lebaka la ho se tšoane ha bona ho lemohuoang) li fapana haholo. Boholo ba bona ba phela bophelo ba lefats'e, boo, leha ho le joalo, bo sa thibeleng ba bang ho itahlela mobung, ho hloa lifate kapa ho qeta nako ea bona ea mahala ka metsing, joalo ka ha koena ea koena e etsa.
Ho boetse ho na le ba tsebileng mokhoa oa mahala oa "ho sesa" lithoteng tsa lehoatata. Ena ke ntho eo ho thoeng ke pharmacy skink, kapa "fish fish".
Bolele ba bophelo
Lintlha mabapi le nako ea lefats'e ea li-skinks lia fapana. Hoa tsebahala hore botlamuoeng mefuta e tsebahalang ka ho fetesisa (li-skinks tse nang le leleme le leputsoa le la mohatla) li phela lilemo tse ka bang 20-22.
Kaha ka tlhaho, li-skinks ha li fane ka ts'ireletso ho lira / maloetse le boteng ba lintlha tse ntle, ho ka nahanoa hore lihahabi tse hlaha li shoa pejana.
Lijo, phepo ea li-skinks
Mefuta e meng (ho na le e fokolang ea eona) e jang limela... Ka mohlala, tsena ke li-skinks tse nang le mehatla e meholo le e mekhutšoane. Leha ho le joalo, liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo li iphile matla lelapeng lena la motley, leo liphofu tsa lona li se nang lesapo la mokokotlo (ho kenyeletsoa le likokoanyana), hammoho le lesapo la mokokotlo le lenyenyane, ho kenyeletsoa le mekholutsoane e sa amaneng.
Mefuta e meng (mohlala, skink-tongued skink) e nkoa e le li-omnivores. Lijong tsa bona li bonahala:
- limela (makhasi, litholoana le lipalesa);
- likhofu;
- maphele le likho;
- crickets le bohloa;
- mahe a linonyana;
- li-mushroom;
- litšila tsa lijo le setopo.
Mahlo a batho ba baholo a omnivorous a boetse a ja lesapo la mokokotlo le lenyenyane, ho kenyeletsoa le mekholutsoane le litoeba tse nyane.
Ho tsoala skinks
Har'a li-skinks ho na le mefuta ea viviparous, ovoviviparous le oviparous.
Boholo ba mekholutsoane e behela mahe mme ... ntle le ho tšoenyeha ho hoholo kelellong, ea lebala ka tsona. Empa ho boetse ho na le batsoali ba behang mohlala, joalo ka skink ea lithaba tsa Amerika Leboea: ba thatela mahe le ho a sireletsa ntle le ho fetola boemo ba 'ona bakeng sa libeke tse 2-3.
Hoa thahasellisa! Mofuta o mong o lula Amerika Leboea, oo baemeli ba ona ba fetohelang le ho nyeka mahe, ba thusa masea a sa tsoa tsoaloa ho tsoa ka har'a khetla, mme ba bile ba a fepa.
Viviparous (joalo ka li-skinks tse ngata tsa Australia) ke mokholutsoane o moholo oa nakoana o lulang Australia le lihlekehleke tsa Indonesia.
Ovoviviparity ke tšobotsi ea likono tse bitsoang Mabui, tse neng li lula Asia, Afrika, Amerika Bohareng le Amerika Boroa.
Lira tsa tlhaho
Ha li le naheng, li-skinks li tsongoa ke:
- lintja / likatse (tse ruuoang le tse khelohileng);
- lintja tse hlaha tsa dingo;
- linoha tse kholo;
- mokholutsoane o moputsoa;
- linonyana tse jang nama (mohlala, kookabara e tšehang le phakoe e sootho).
Lihahabi li itšoara ka tsela e fapaneng ha li le kotsing... Ba bang, joalo ka letlalo la leleme le leputsoa, ba kena maemong a bona a tloaelehileng a ho itšireletsa, ho letsetsa mololi le ho ruruha. Ka nako e ts'oanang, mokholutsoane o ahlamisa molomo haholo, o tšosa sera ka leleme le leputsoa, ka ho fapana haholo le lesoba le lefubelu la molomo.
Hoa thahasellisa! Moahi oa lehoatata, k'hemistri, o kenella hare lehlabatheng hore a hlahelle hōle le sera.
Har'a li-skinks, ba tloaetseng ho itšeha le bona ba bonoa: ba tšohile, ba hatsela joalo ka bafu.
Ho boloka ho sosobana lapeng
Li-skink tse fapa-fapaneng li sebetsa joalo ka liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng: koena e le 'mala o moputsoa, koena e qabolang le tse ling. Litsebi tsa likhukhuni le tsona li rata lehloeo le hlollang la mohatla o melelele le ka leketlileng le shebile tlaase.
Letlalo la mohatla o nang le mohatla, ka lebaka la botebo ba lona bo potlakileng le kutlo, le nkuoa e le sehahabi se behang mohlala oa lapeng.
Terrarium
Kaha ha o le naheng, letlalo le nang le mohatla o melelele le lula lifateng tse telele, o tla hloka terra e otlolohileng (120 * 60 * 120 cm) e nang le sekoaelo sa letlooeng.
Ha u hlophisa terrarium, sebelisa:
- limela tse ngata tsa maiketsetso (live skink e tla ja kapa e hatakele);
- lipitsa / mabokose a sebetsang e le litsi tsa bolulo;
- makala a teteaneng a matla, a tiisitsoeng ka holimo;
- majoe a maholo a tsitsitseng hantle;
- setshelo se tebileng sa metsi;
- substrate;
- lebone le khanyang (60 watts);
- Mabone a UV (UVA / UVB).
Lihora tsa motšehare bakeng sa skink li nka lihora tse 12. Mocheso oa motšehare o lula o le maemong a + 25,5 + 29.4 likhato tsa Celsius (sebakeng sa ho futhumatsa + 32.2 + 35). Ho baloa bosiu ho lokela ho ba ho 20.5 + 23'С. Metsi a fafatsoa ka holim'a limela / substrate ka letsatsi.
Tlhokomelo, bohloeki
Bate ea metsi e kentsoeng teropong, ho latela ho qoelisoa ha skink mahala. Fetola metsi letsatsi le letsatsi. Eketsa mongobo o khothalletsoang oa 50-65% nakong ea molting ho 80%.
E loketse substrate ke ho phuthela pampiri kapa pampiri ea litaba, likarolo tse lokiselitsoeng hantle bakeng sa lihahabi le makhasi a oeleng.... Tlosa mantle ho eona hang ka beke 'me u fetole hang hang ka kotara.
Ho fepa
Li-skinks tse nang le mehatla e mengata li ja ka shoalane kapa bosiu. Tsena ke lihahabi tse jang limela tse jang litholoana, makhasi le meroho naheng.
Ha motho a le botlamuoeng, 75-80% ea lijo tsa letsatsi le letsatsi e lokela ho ba meroho e lefifi e nang le litlhoro tse tala:
- litlhōrō tsa lihoete le turnip;
- mosetareta o motala;
- meroho ea dandelion;
- meroho ea collard;
- ficus benjamin;
- zucchini, broccoli;
- khubelu e khubelu ea Switzerland;
- makhasi a potus.
Ha e fepa ea morao, mantle a mokholutsoane a fumana 'mala o mofubelu o pherese.
Karolo ea bohlano ea bophahamo ba lijo tsa letsatsi le letsatsi e lula lijalong tse kang:
- k'habeche, celery le tamati;
- letlobo le linaoa;
- litapole le spinach;
- libanana, kiwi le lilamunu;
- liperekisi, papaya le limango;
- fragole le blueberries;
- lipere, liapole le lifeiga;
- lipalesa tsa hibiscus le ciliegia;
- chicory, morara le lirosa.
Litholoana tsohle li hlatsuoa hantle pele li sebelisoa, li eboloa, li tlosa peo / peo, 'me u netefatse hore u ea tšela.
Bohlokoa! Nako le nako, litholoana tsa lesea li ka sebelisoa ho fapana le litholoana tse ncha. Hang ka khoeli, skink e fuoa mahe a phehiloeng a phehiloeng. Li-vithamine le calcium ka phofo li kenyelletsoa lijong khafetsa.
Reka
Skinks e nkuoa mabenkeleng a liphoofolo tse tšeptjoang kapa a tšoaroang ka letsoho (hangata ka tumellano). Litsenyehelo li khethoa ke mofuta (oa tlhaho) oa motho ka mong, boholo le lilemo. E 'ngoe ea li-skink tse turang ka ho fetesisa ke e nang le leleme le leputsoa: theko ea eona e qala ho tloha ho li-ruble tse 6-7 tse likete mme e atamela tse likete tse 12.
Hoo e ka bang ka theko e ts'oanang ho oela ha mohatla o ketane (eseng feela ka lebaka la boholo ba eona bo khahlisang, empa hape joalo ka ha e le mofuta o kotsing le o kenyellelitsoeng Kopanong ea CITES).
Li-skinks tse nyane li fanoa ka theko e itekanetseng, sebakeng sa li-ruble tse 2-5 tse likete... Kahoo, skink e tukang e ka rekoa ka li-ruble tse 3.5-3.7 tse likete.
Ha u rera ho fumana skink, ithute lingoliloeng ka mofuta o itseng hore o se fepe sebata ka joang, le mokholutsoane o jang limela ka likokoanyana.
