Li-lemurs tse nyane (lat. Сheirogaleidae) ke liphoofolo tse anyesang tse tsoang lelapeng ho tloha ho li-primates tse nang le nko e metsi. Lelapa lena, le atileng haholo karolong e kholo ea naha ea Madagascar, le boetse le kenyelletsa lemurs ea likhoto le likhoto.
Tlhaloso ea pygmy lemurs
Li-lemur tsohle tse phelang tsa pygmy li bolokile likarolo tse ling tsa khale, ho etsa hore liphoofolo tse anyesang e be bo bong ba bopaki bo tsoang pele ba semelo sa rona. Leha ho le joalo, baahi ba joalo ba tropike ea Madagascar ha ba tšoane le litšoene tse tsebahalang le ho ithutoa ke batho kajeno.
Ponahalo
Li-lemur tsa li-Pygmy ke liphoofolo tse nang le mehatla e melelele le tse nang le tšobotsi, tse holileng hantle haholo, tse butsoitseng mahlo.... Hlooho ea pygmy lemur e khuts'oane, e na le thiba molomo. Maoto a ka morao a malelele hanyane ho feta a maoto a ka pele, empa menoana eohle ea phoofolo e anyesang joalo e holile hantle ka ho lekana, e khetholloang ka boteng ba manala a tiileng le a bohale. Litsebe tsa boholo bo mahareng li koahetsoe ke tse fokolang le tse ntle haholo, meriri e mengata kantle.
Boea ba liphoofolo tse nyane bo bonolo, mme libakeng tse ling bo na le boea bo hlakileng. Ka morao, baki e na le wavy mme e tiea haholo. Li-lemurs tse nyane tse lulang merung ea tropike ea Madagascar li khetholloa ka moriri o mofubelu o nang le 'mala o sootho. Liphoofolo tsohle tse lulang merung e omileng ea bophirima ba Madagascar li na le boea bo bohlooho ka morao.
Hoa thahasellisa! Tse nyane haholo ho fihlela joale ke li-lemurs tse nyane tsa toeba, 'me boima ba' mele ea motho e moholo oa mofuta ona bo ka holimo ho ligrama tse 28-30.
Mmala oa mahlo oa "primate" o amana ka kotloloho le litšoaneleho tsa mefuta, empa hangata phoofolo e anyesang e na le mahlo a bofubelu ba lamunu kapa bosehla. Har'a mefuta e mashome a mararo, ke li-lemurs tsa litoeba tse tummeng ka ho fetisisa, hobane kajeno liphoofolo tse joalo hangata li rekoa ke li-connoisseurs tsa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng tse ikhethang.
Botho le mokhoa oa bophelo
Litho tsohle tsa lelapa la Lemur ea Dwarf ke tsa liphoofolo tsa bosiu tse sebetsang feela ha lefifi le qala, e leng se hlalosang mahlo a maholo a bonang hantle bosiu ka lebaka la likristale tse ikhethang tse bonahatsang. Motšehare, liphoofolo tse anyesang tse joalo li robala ka mokhoa o khethollang e le bolo. Bakeng sa ho robala kapa ho phomola, haholoholo mekoti ea lifate le lihlaha tse ntle tse entsoeng ka joang, makala a manyane le makhasi a sebelisoa.
Libakeng tsa boikhathollo tsa liphoofolo, li-pygmy lemurs, hammoho le liphoofolo tse ling tsa bosiu, li bolokiloe maemong a khethehileng kapa liholong tse bitsoang "Night primates". Nakong ea motšehare, lefifi le lekaneng le bolokoa ka likamoreng tse joalo, tse lumellang liphoofolo leha e le life tsa bosiu hore li phutholohe le ho boloka tšebetso ea tsona ea tlhaho. Bosiu, ho fapana le hoo, lebone lea bonesa, ka hona li-lemurs lia robala.
Baemeli bohle ba lelapa le batlang le le leholo ka nepo ba ka boleloa sehlopheng sa liphoofolo tse ikhethang har'a litšoene tse tummeng.... Maikutlo ana a hlalosoa habonolo ke bokhoni ba liphoofolo ho qeta nako e telele li le boemong ba ho ba bohatsu kapa ho fanyeha.
Nakong ena, metabolism e lieha ho fokotseha 'me ho bonahala ho fokotseha ha mocheso oa' mele, ka lebaka leo phoofolo e bolokang matla a mangata. Le ka mohla u se ke ua ipata, sehlaha sa lemurs se metsero ea lifereko mekoting ea lifate, 'me u robale' me u phomole feela maemong a lutseng, lihlooho li theohile lipakeng tsa maoto a ka pele.
Hoa thahasellisa! Lenane la lentsoe la lemur le emeloa ke melumo e fapaneng eo litšoene tse joalo li ka buisanang ka eona, 'me melumo e meng e khona ho jala maemong a mahlaseli.
Qalong ea nako e futhumetseng, mothating oa ho itokisetsa ho phomola, li-Lemgmy Lemurs li qala ho fepa ka mafolofolo, e leng ho eketsang boima ba phoofolo ka makhetlo a 'maloa. Mehloli ea mafura e bokellana mohatleng, kamora moo e sebelisoa butle-butle ke 'mele oa lemur nakong ea papiso e emisitsoeng. Maemong a tlhaho, li-pygmy lemurs li khetha ho lula li le bang kapa li ka kopana. Li tsamaea ka boqhetseke ka ho qhomela kapa ho matha ka maoto makaleng a lifate, li sebelisa maoto le matsoho a mane molemong oa sena.
Lemurs e phela nako e kae
Har'a li-lemurs, ho na le phapang ka kakaretso ea tebello ea bophelo. Mohlala, likhofu tsa lemous tsa Coquerel li phela ka tlhaho hoo e ka bang lilemo tse mashome a mabeli, mme baemeli ba mofuta oa mofuta oa mofuta oa phere e lemiloeng botlamuoeng ba phela lilemo tse ka bang leshome le metso e mehlano kapa le ho feta.
Mefuta ea li-pygmy lemurs
Ho fihlela joale, lelapa la lemurwar le na le mefuta e mehlano, hape le emeloa ke mefuta e meraro, moo e latelang e atileng haholo.
- Li-lemurs tse nang le mohatla o mafura (Сheirоgаlеus medius) - na le bolelele ba 'mele ka bophara ba 6.0-6.1 cm ka mohatla bolelele ba 13.5-13.6 cm le boima ba' mele bo 30.5-30.6 g;
- Li-lemur tse kholo tsa pygmy (Сheirogаlеus mаjоr) - e tšoauoa ka mohatla o mokhutšoane haholo, o nang le botenya bo hlakileng botlaaseng;
- Mouse lemurs Coquerela (Mirza coquereli) - e fapana ka bolelele ba 'mele ka hlooho e ka bang 18-20 cm ka mohatla o sa feteng 32-33 cm le boima ba' mele bo fetang 280-300 g;
- Pegmy mouse lemurs (Mсrocebus myohinus) - ke e 'ngoe ea li-primates tse nyane haholo tse nang le boima ba' mele oa 43-55 g le bolelele ba 20-22 cm;
- Grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) - e mong oa baemeli ba kholo ka ho fetisisa ba genus mme o na le boima ba 58-67 g;
- Likhoto tse khubelu lemurs (Microcebus rufus) - li khetholloa ka boima ba hoo e ka bang 50 g, bolelele ba 'mele bo ka bang 12.0-12.5 cm le mohatla - 11.0-11.5 cm;
- Mouse ea Bertha Lemurs (Мicrocebus berthаe) - Li-endemics tsa naha ea sehlekehleke sa Madagascar hajoale ke li-primates tse nyane ka ho fetisisa tse tsejoang ke mahlale a bolelele ba 9.0-9.5 cm le boima ba motho e moholo ba 24-37 g;
- Lemurs ea moriri (Allocebus trichotis) - na le bolelele ba ho fihlela ho 28-30 cm, ka karolelano ea boima ba 'mele e seng ho feta 80-100 g,
- Lemurs ea metsero ea fereko (PHаner furсifеr) - E na le bolelele ba 'mele ea 25-27 cm le mohatla maemong a 30-38 cm.
Hoa thahasellisa! Ka 2012, karolong e ka bochabela ea moru oa Sahafina, o lik'hilomithara tse 50 ho tloha sebakeng sa sebaka sa boikhathollo sa Mantadia, ho ile ha sibolloa mofuta o mocha - Mouse Lemur Herpa kapa Microcebus gerpi.
Mefuta e ts'eletseng e abeloa mofuta oa Cheirogaleus kapa Rat lemurs, mme mofuta oa Microsebus kapa Mouse lemurs o emeloa ke mefuta e fapaneng e fapaneng. Kajeno mofuta oa Mirza o nkuoa o le monyane haholo.
Sebaka, kabo
Сheirogaleus medius e ajoa libakeng tse ka bophirima le tse ka boroa tsa Madagascar, moo ho lulang meru e chesang le e mongobo e melang libakeng tse chesang tse mongobo, e leng se ratang lehlaka le ka tlase la limela. Mofuta oa Сheirogaleus majоr o lula libakeng tse ommeng le tse nang le lifate tse ommeng ka bochabela le leboea ho Madagascar, mme ka linako tse ling e hlaha karolong e ka bophirima-bohareng ea Madagascar.
Li-lemurs tse nang le litsebe tse nang le boea (Сheirogaleus crоssleyi) li lula merung e ka leboea le bochabela ho Madagascar, 'me Lemurs e nyane ea Siberia (Сheirogaleus sibreei) e ajoa feela ka bochabela ho naha ea sehlekehleke. Baemeli ba mofuta oa Mirza coquereli ba khethile meru e omeletseng ea Madagascar Bophirima. E fumanoe ke Kappeler feela ka 2005, Great Northern Mouse Lemur ke phoofolo e tloaelehileng leboea ho Madagascar.
Microcebus myokinus ke moahi oa meru e ommeng e tsoakiloeng le e makatsang ea naha ea sehlekehleke le Kirindi Natural Park, mme libaka tsa tlhaho tsa mofuta oa Microcebus rufus ke meru ea mahareng le ea mantlha, ho kenyeletsoa mabanta a meru libakeng tsa tropike tse mabopong le libakeng tsa meru ea bamboo.
Lijo tse nyane tsa lemur
Hoo e ka bang baemeli ba omnivorous ba Dwarf lemur family ba sebelisa lijo eseng litholoana le makhapetla feela, empa hape le lipalesa le lero, e le li-pollinator tse mafolofolo tsa limela tse ngata. Mefuta e meng e khetholloa ka ho theohela fatše hakhutšoane, e ba lumellang ho tsoma mefuta eohle ea likokoanyana, hammoho le liphoofolo tse nyane haholo, ho kenyeletsoa likho le linonyana tse nyane, lihohoana le liphooko.
Hoa thahasellisa! Palo ea limela ha se kamehla e lekanang ho fepa liphoofolo, ka hona li-lemur li sebelisa phomolo e telele kapa li liehisa boikoetliso ba tsona ho matlafatsa matla a tsona.
Har'a tse ling, litšoene tse anyesang hangata li itšepa ka ho nyeka lero la limela tse fapaneng ka leleme la tsona le lelelele. Meno a pygmy lemur a na le sebopeho se ikhethileng, ka hona a hlophisitsoe hantle bakeng sa ho khabisoa ha lesela la makhapetla a sefate, e leng se susumetsang phallo e mafolofolo ea lero la limela tse nang le phepo.
Ho ikatisa le bana
Ho ruruha ka mafolofolo mefuteng e fapaneng ea baemeli ba lelapa la Lemur le koetsoeng ho koaletsoe feela molemong oa mofuta o itseng oa nako, mme boits'oaro ba bongata ba liphoofolo tsena tse anyesang bo emeloa ke lillo tse phahameng le ho ama balekane ba tsona. Mohlala, nako ea ho ikatisa ea pygmy lemur ea mohatla o mafura ke Mphalane. Likamano tsa lelapa e ka ba tsa monna a le mong le sethepu.... E le molao, mosali o tsoala bana selemo le selemo, empa nako eohle ea bokhachane e fapana haholo lipakeng tsa baemeli ba mefuta e fapaneng.
Kamora likhoeli tse 'maloa tsa bokhachane, e tšehali e tsoala malinyane a mabeli kapa a mararo a holileng hantle. Bokhachane ka li-pygmy lemurs tse kholo bo nka likhoeli tse fetang tse peli, mme bana ba hlahang ba fepeloa lebese la mme matsatsi a 45-60. Mefuta ya Mirza coquereli e jara madinyane a yona ka nako e ka etsang dikgwedi tse tharo, ka mora moo e tswala ledinyane le le leng ho isa ho a mane. Boima ba pygmy lemur e sa tsoa tsoaloa ke ligrama tsa 3.0-5.0 feela. Masea a tsoaloa a foufetse ka ho felletseng, empa a bula mahlo kapele haholo.
Kamora ho hlaha, malinyane a fanyeha ka mpeng ea 'm'a' ona, a itšoarelletse moriri oa basali ka maoto le matsoho, empa batho ba baholo ba khona ho jara malinyane ka bo bona. Hangata, ha li le selemo sa khoeli, malinyane a Pygmy Lemur a khona ho hloa limela kapa lifate habonolo, empa qalong li latela 'm'a tsona ka thata.
Bohlokoa! Hang ha phoofolo e anyesang e khoesoa ho tloha ho anyeseng, hang-hang e fumana boipuso bo felletseng.
Dinyantshi di hola ka ho phethahala ho tsa thobalano ka selemo se le seng kapa halofo kapa tse pedi, empa leha e le lilemong tsena, phoofolo e lula e na le kamano e haufi le motsoali oa eona, ka hona, mehoo e phahameng e iketsa ho 'm'a eona. Nakong ea nako ea ho ikatisa ka nako ea selemo, mofuta ona o tsejoa habonolo ke tlhaiso-leseling ea lentsoe ea balekane, e thibelang ts'ebetso ea ho nyalanya lipakeng tsa mefuta e fapaneng ka ho ts'oana ha kantle.
Lira tsa tlhaho
Le ha ba na le matla a tlhaho a lekaneng 'me ba qeta boholo ba nako ba le tlasa ts'ireletso ea moqhaka oa sefate, litho tsa lelapa la Dwarf lemur hangata e ba liphofu tse bonolo tsa liphoofolo tse jang nama tse ngata.
Lira tse ka sehloohong tsa lemurs tse joalo tikolohong ea tsona ea tlhaho, ea tlhaho li emeloa ke sephooko se litsebe tse telele le meliko ea Madagascar, hammoho le liphakoe tse kholo le li-civets, linoha tse ling, ho kenyeletsoa le boa ea lifate.
Li-lemurs tse nyane li ka tsongoa hape ke liphoofolo tse ling tse jang liphoofolo, ho kenyeletsoa le mungo o mosesaane le o mohatla o mosesane, hammoho le fossa, e leng baemeli ba tloaelehileng ba lelapa la civet la Madagascar. Nako le nako, baemeli ba lelapa la Dwarf Lemur ba hlaseloa ke li-mongoose kapa lintja tsa lapeng tse kholo tsa mefuta e meholo.
Ho ea ka lipalo-palo, hoo e ka bang 25% ea likhoto tse lemurs li shoa selemo se seng le se seng ka lebaka la litlhaselo tsa mefuta eohle ea liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo. Leha ho le joalo, ho latela maikutlo a nako e telele, esita le tahlehelo e kholo ho baahi bohle e khona ho fola kapele haholo ka lebaka la ts'ebetso e sebetsang ea ho ikatisa ea liphoofolo tse anyesang tse joalo.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Ho fihlela joale, mefuta eohle ea lemurs e fuoe boemo ba paballo, 'me karolo ea bohlokoa ea litšoene tse sa tloaelehang li khetholloa e le mefuta e kotsing. Baemeli ba mefuta e meng, haholo-holo li-lemurs tse litsebe tsa moriri, hajoale ba khethiloe e le kotsing e kholo.
Sena se bakoa ke ho rengoa ha meru ea tlhaho ea meru ea lehae le tšenyo e kholo ea batho ba baholo ka sepheo sa ho e sebelisa bakeng sa lijo, hammoho le ho ts'oaroa bakeng sa thekiso e tsoelang pele joaloka liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng le tse sa tloaelehang. Batho ba khahloa ke boholo ba phoofolo le mahlo a eona a hlakileng, empa ha e bolokiloe botlamuoeng, litšoene tse joalo li hloka ho fana ka maemo a haufi haholo le tikoloho ea tlhaho.
