Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) ke phoofolo e anyesang ya lewatle, ke yona feela mefuta e leng teng ya lelapa la walrus (Odobenidae) le sehlopha sa Pinnipedia. Li-walrus tsa batho ba baholo li bonoa habonolo ke menoana ea tsona e meholo le e hlaheletseng, 'me ho latela boholo ba li-pinnip, phoofolo e joalo ke ea bobeli ho feta litiiso tsa litlou.
Tlhaloso ea walrus ea Atlantic
Phoofolo e kholo ea metsing e na le letlalo le teteaneng haholo... Li-canine tse kaholimo ho li-walrus li ntlafalitsoe ka ho fetelletseng, lia atolosoa ebe li lebisoa tlase. Molaleng o pharaletseng o lutse ka litelu tse teteaneng le tse thata, tse ngata tse sephara (vibrissae). Palo ea litelu tse joalo molomong o kaholimo hangata li likotoana tse 300-700. Litsebe tsa kantle ha li eo ka ho felletseng, mme mahlo a manyane ka boholo.
Ponahalo
Bolelele ba li-canine tsa walrus ka linako tse ling bo fihla halofo ea mithara. Meno a joalo a na le sepheo se sebetsang, a khona ho theola leqhoa habonolo, a ka sireletsa sebaka le batho ba habo bona lireng tse ngata. Har'a tse ling, ka thuso ea menoana a tsona, li-walrus li ka phunyeletsa habonolo 'meleng oa libere tse kholo tsa pola. Letlalo la walrus ea motho e moholo le sosobane haholo mme ho ena le hoo le le letenya, le nang le lera la mafura a lisenthimithara tse leshome le metso e mehlano. Letlalo la walrus ea Atlantic le koahetsoe ke moriri o mokhuts'oane kapa o mosootho o sootho kapa o bosootho bo sootho, 'me palo ea ona e fokotseha ka lilemo.
Hoa thahasellisa! Walrus ea Atlantic ke mofuta o ikhethang oa tikoloho ea tikoloho ea Leoatle la Barents, e kenyellelitsoeng Bukeng e Khubelu ea Russian Federation.
Baemeli ba khale ka ho fetisisa ba li-subspecies tsa Atlantic walrus ba na le letlalo le hlobotseng ka ho felletseng ebile le bobebe. Maoto a liphoofolo a hlophisitsoe hantle hore a tsamaee mobung mme a na le bohato bo thata, kahoo li-walrus ha li khone ho khasa, empa li khona ho tsamaea. Mohatla oa sepakapaka se koetsoeng.
Mokgwa wa bophelo, boitshwaro
Baemeli ba li-subspecies tsa Atlantic walrus ba khetha ho kopana ka mehlape ea linomoro tse fapaneng. Li-pinniped tse phelang hammoho li leka ho thusana, hape li sireletsa ba fokolang le ba banyenyane ho beng ka bona tlhaselong ea lira tsa tlhaho. Ha bongata ba liphoofolo tse mohlapeng o joalo li phomotse feela kapa li robetse, polokeho ea tsohle e netefatsoa ke bao ho thoeng ke balebeli ba balebeli. Ke feela ha ba ka atamela kotsi efe kapa efe moo balebeli bana ba thibang sebaka sohle ka lerata le leholo.
Hoa thahasellisa! Ho ea ka bo-rasaense, nakong ea liphuputso tse ngata, ho ile ha khoneha ho paka hore, ka kutlo e ntlehali, e tšehali e khona ho utloa pitso ea namane ea eona leha e le hole le lik'hilomithara tse peli.
Ho bonahala ho se khonehe le botsoa ba li-walrus ho lefelloa ke kutlo e ntle, kutlo ea monko o monate le pono e holileng hantle. Baemeli ba li-pinniped ba tseba ho sesa ka mokhoa o makatsang ebile ba mosa haholo, empa ha ho hlokahala, ba khona ho kholisa sekepe sa ho tšoasa litlhapi.
Li-walrus tsa Atlantic li phela halelele hakae?
Ka karolelano, baemeli ba li-subspecies tsa walrus tsa Atlantic ha ba phele lilemo tse fetang 40-45, mme ka linako tse ling ba nka nako e teletsana. Phoofolo e joalo e hola butle butle. Li-walrus li ka nkuoa li le batho ba baholo ka botlalo, ba holileng tsebong mme ba ikemiselitse ho ikatisa lilemo tse robeli feela kamora ho hlaha.
Dimorphism ea thobalano
Tse tona tsa bolele ba Atlantic li na le bolelele ba limithara tse tharo ho isa ho tse 'ne ka boima ba lithane tse ka bang peli. Baemeli ba li-subspecies tsa basali ba hola ka bolelele ho fihla ho limithara tse 2,5-2.6, 'me boima ba' mele ba basali ha bo fete hangata e le tonne.
Habitat, habitats
Ha ho bonolo ho hakanya palo e felletseng ea baemeli ba li-subspecies tsa Atlantic walrus ka nepo kamoo ho ka khonehang, empa, mohlomong, ha e fete batho ba likete tse mashome a mabeli hajoale. Baahi bana ba sa tloaelehang ba hasane ho tloha Arctic Canada, Svalbard, Greenland, hammoho le tikolohong e ka bophirima ea Arctic ea Russia.
E ne e le motheong oa kabo ea bohlokoa ea libaka le tlhaiso-leseling ka mahlale ohle a neng a khona ho nka boteng ba liphoofolo tse robeli feela tsa phoofolo, tseo tse hlano tsa tsona li leng ka bophirima le tse tharo karolong e ka bochabela ea Greenland. Ka nako e 'ngoe phoofolo e phatsimang joalo e kena ka metsing a Leoatle le tšoeu.
Hoa thahasellisa! Ka mokhoa oa selemo le selemo, li-walrus li khona ho falla hammoho le leqhoa le leholo, ka hona li ea libakeng tse hoholehang tsa leqhoa, li sesa ho tsona ho ea sebakeng se lakatsehang, ebe li fihla naheng, moo li hlophisang rookery ea tsona.
Pele, baemeli ba subspecies Atlantic walrus ba ne ba lula meeling e fetelang ka boroa ho Cape Cod. Ka palo e kholo haholo, phoofolo e pinniped e fumanoe metsing a Kou ea St. Lawrence. Nakong ea selemo ka 2006, palo ea batho ba Leboea Bophirima ho Atlantic walrus e ne e thathamisitsoe tlasa Molao oa Canada oa Likotsi.
Lijo tsa walrus ea Atlantic
Ts'ebetso ea ho fepa baemeli ba subspecies Atlantic walrus e batla e lula e le teng. Lijo tsa bona li ipapisitse le li-benthic molluscs, tse fumanehang habonolo ke li-pinnipeds. Li-walrus, ka thuso ea manaka a tsona a malelele a bileng a leng matla, li hlohlelletsa botlaase ba seretse, ka lebaka leo metsi a tlatsitsoeng ka likhetla tse nyane tse makholo.
Likhetla tse bokelitsoeng li ts'oaroa ke walrus ka mapheong, kamora moo li hohla ka thuso ea metsamao e matla haholo. Likhechana tse setseng tsa likhetla li oela tlase, ha shellfish ka boeona e ntse e phaphamala ka holim'a metsi. Li jeoa haholo ke li-walrus. Li-crustaceans tse fapaneng le liboko li boetse li sebelisetsoa lijo.
Hoa thahasellisa! Lijo tse ngata li bohlokoa bakeng sa li-walrus tse tšehetsang mesebetsi ea bohlokoa ea 'mele, le ho aha mafura a lekaneng, a bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ireletso khahlanong le hypothermia le ho sesa.
Litlhapi ha li ananeloe ke li-pinniped, ka hona lijo tse joalo li jeoa ka seoelo, ke nakong ea mathata a tebileng a amanang le lijo. Li-walrus tsa Atlantic ha li khese linatla tse letlalo le letšo ho hang. Bo-rasaense ba tlalehile linyeoe tsa liphoofolo tse kholo tse pentiloeng tse hlaselang li-narwhal le liqibi.
Ho ikatisa le bana
Li-walrus tsa Atlantic li fihlela kholo e felletseng ea thobalano ha li le lilemo li hlano ho isa ho tse tšeletseng, 'me nako ea ho tlolelana ha linonyana tse joalo e hlaha ka Mmesa le Mots'eanong.
Ke nakong eo banna ba neng ba khetholloa ka mokhoa o nang le khotso, ba bang mabifi, ka hona hangata ba loantšana bakeng sa basali, ba sebelisa menoana a maholo le a tsoetseng pele molemong ona. Ehlile, tse tšehali tse holileng ka thobalano li ikhethela tse tona tse matla ka ho fetesisa le tse mafolofolo bakeng sa tsona e le balekane ba thobalano.
Nako e tloaelehileng ea ho emara ha walrus ha e fete matsatsi a fetang 340-370, kamora moo ho tsoaloa lesea le le leng feela, empa e le le leholo. Maemong a sa tloaelehang haholo, mafahla a hlaha... Bolelele ba 'mele oa walrus e sa tsoa tsoaloa ea Atlantic e ka ba mithara e le' ngoe ka boima ba 28-30 kg. Ho tloha matsatsing a pele a bophelo ba bona, masea a ithuta ho sesa. Selemong sa pele, li-walrus li fepa feela lebese la bo-mme, mme feela kamora moo li ba le bokhoni ba ho ja lijo tse tšoanang le li-walrus tsa batho ba baholo.
Hantle-ntle li-walrus tsohle li na le tšekamelo ea tlhaho ea bo-mme, ka hona li khona ho itšireletsa malinyane a tsona ha ho ka ba le kotsi. Ho ea ka seo bo-rasaense ba se hlokometseng, ka kakaretso, li-walrus tsa basali tsa Atlantic ke bo-mme ba bonolo le ba tsotellang. Ho fihlela lilemo tse ka bang tharo, ha li-walrus tse nyane li hlahisa menoana, li-walrus tse nyane hangata li lula haufi le motsoali oa tsona. Ke feela ha ke le lilemo li tharo, ke se ke ntse ke na le li-canine tse holileng ka ho lekana, baemeli ba li-subspecies tsa Atlantic walrus ba qala bophelo ba bona ba batho ba baholo.
Lira tsa tlhaho
Tšokelo e ka sehloohong liphoofolong tse ngata, ho kenyeletsoa le li-subspecies tsa Atlantic walrus, ke batho. Bakeng sa masholu le litsomi, li-pinniped tse kholo ke mohloli oa menoana ea bohlokoa, bacon le nama e nang le phepo. Leha ho na le lithibelo tse kholo boleng ba khoebo, hammoho le mehato ea ts'ireletso sebakeng sa bolulo, palo e felletseng ea li-walrus tsa Atlantic e ntse e fokotseha butle, ka hona, liphoofolo tse joalo li kotsing ea ho timela ka botlalo.
Hoa thahasellisa! Ntle le batho, lira tsa walrus ka tlhaho ke libere tsa polar mme karolo e 'ngoe ke leruarua le bolaeang,' me har'a lintho tse ling, liphoofolo tse joalo li hlokofatsoa haholo ke likokoana-hloko tse ngata tse ka hare le tse kantle.
Hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore khethollo e entsoe ho fihlela joale ho batho ba bang ba matsoalloa a ka leboea, ho kenyeletsoa Chukchi le MaEskimo. Ke ho bona ho tsoma li-pinniped ke ntho ea tlhaho e hlokahalang mme ba lumelloa ho ts'oasa palo e lekanyelitsoeng ea batho ba sa tloaelehang. Nama ea phoofolo e joalo e fetohile karolo ea bohlokoa ea lijo tsa batho ba leboea ka lebaka la litšobotsi tsa bona tsa naha tse telele.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Molemong oa toka, ho lokela ho hlokomeloe hore ho fokotseha ho hoholo ha palo ea li-subspecies tsena tsa liphoofolo ha ho bakoe feela ke ho thunngoa ka mafolofolo le ts'ebetsong ea ho tšoasa litlhapi, empa hape le nts'etsopele e potlakileng ea indasteri ea oli. Likhoebo tsa indasteri ena ke litsela tsa ho silafatsa tikoloho ea li-walrus tsa Red Book haholo.
Litsebi tse ngata li tšoenyehile ka khaello e hlakileng ea tlhaiso-leseling mabapi le boemo ba hajoale ba baahi ba walrus.... Ho fihlela joale, ke palo e hakanyetsoang feela ea liphoofolo tse joalo e tsejoang metsing a Leoatle la Pechora le libakeng tse ling tsa li-rooker. Hape, metsamao ea li-walrus selemo ho pota le kamano ea lihlopha tse fapaneng e ntse e sa tsejoe. Nts'etsopele ea mehato e hlokahalang ho boloka palo ea walrus e supa ts'ebetsong e tlamang ea lipatlisiso tse ling.
