Phokojoe ea Arctic ka lebaka la ponahalo ea eona - pōpo e sa lebaleheng. Li tšoana le liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng, ke tse tšoeu haholo feela. Lehloeng, phoofolo e joalo e kanna ea se hlokomeloe, haholo haeba phokojoe ea arctic e koala nko le mahlo. Sena ha se tšobotsi ea hae e ikhethang feela, e tsosang thahasello ho batho, empa hape le seemo sa hae se seholo sa bophelo maemong a polar.
Tšimoloho ea mofuta le tlhaloso
Setšoantšo: Phokojoe ea Arctic
Liphokojoe tsa Arctic ke tsa lelapa la canine, empa mofuta oa liphokojoe tsa Arctic o emeloa ke mofuta o le mong feela. Liphoofolo tsena hangata li bitsoa liphokojoe, kapa ho feta moo, liphiri, arctic kapa tšoeu liphokojoe. Liphokojoe tsa Arctic li arotsoe ka mefuta e 'meli ho latela' mala oa boea ba tsona.
Video: Phokojoe ea Arctic
Liphokojoe tse tšoeu li fetola botenya le 'mala oa boea ba tsona selemo ho pota. Mariha, ba apara seaparo sa boea bo bosoeu bo bosoeu bo bosoeu le bo teteaneng ka ho fetisisa - ke eena ea ananeloang haholo mebarakeng ea boea. Kamora 'molt o molelele oa selemo, li ba sootho ebile ha li na ho fofa hanyane.
Empa liphokojoe tse putsoa ka kakaretso ha li na 'mala o mosoeu oa seaparo. Selemo ho pota ba apara baki e sootho, e sootho kapa e bohlooho. Ho tloha sehleng e fetola letsoalo la eona.
Tlhaho e ba file boea bo teteaneng haholo le undercoat. Tlelaemete eo ba lulang ho eona e matla hoo tsela feela ea ho phela ke seaparo sa boea se futhumetseng selemo ho pota le pokello ea mafura. Ho feta moo, liphoofolo li na le moriri esita le marameng a tsona, hantle feela lipakeng tsa menoana. Ke ka lebaka lena liphokojoe tsa Arctic li nang le lebitso la tsona, hobane ka phetolelo e bolela "hare paw".
Ponahalo le likarolo
Setšoantšo: Phokojoe ea Animal Arctic
Ha u e sheba ka lekhetlo la pele, liphokojoe tsa Arctic boholo ba tsona li shebahala joalo ka liphokojoe, ke tse tšoeu feela. Hape, liphoofolo tsena li khuts'oane: maoto a tsona a makhuts'oane ho feta a liphokojoe tse tloaelehileng, ka hona a shebahala a se na tloaelo kapa a fokola. Liphokojoe tsa Arctic ke liphoofolo tse nyane, tse kholo ka ho fetisisa li fihla ho 9 kg, empa sena ha se seoelo. Ha e le hantle, liphokojoe tsa Arctic ke liphoofolo tse nyane tse lik'hilograma tse tharo kapa tse 'ne. Ka ntle, boea bo li etsa hore li be matla haholoanyane.
Bolelele ba 'mele ke karolelano ea lisenthimithara tse mashome a mahlano ho isa ho mashome a supileng,' me bophahamo ba liphoofolo bo ka ba lisenthimithara tse mashome a mararo. Karolelano ena e sa lekanyetsoang e batla e tšoana le sebopeho sa 'mele oa dachshund. Sebopeho sa 'mele se joalo se lumella phoofolo ho sebelisa mocheso ho feta moruo,' me e fumaneha tlase mobung, moo ho nang le meea e fokolang.
Liphokojoe tsa Arctic li na le mohatla o motle haholo. E hola ho fihla disenthimithareng tse mashome a mararo ka bolelele, mme e kwahetswe ke boya bo botala bo botenya jwaloka mmele.
Thipa ea phoofolo e fapana le ea phokojoe, e khuts'oane ebile e sephara, ha e ntse e le thata haholo, 'me litsebe le tsona li khuts'oane ebile li chitja. Phapang e joalo e ea hlokahala maemong a bophelo, sena ha se kenyeletse monyetla oa serame karolong e telele haholo ea 'mele. Kahoo ka liphokojoe tsa Arctic ntho e ngoe le e ngoe e kopane ebile e koahetsoe ka seaparo sa boea hape ba bile le nts'etsopele e ntle ea kutlo: kutlo e ntle le kutlo e ntle ea monko.
Sesebelisoa se khahlisang se na le mahlo a liphokojoe tsa polar: li koahetsoe ka lera le sireletsang ho leseli le khanyang haholo, le ka bonts'ang ho tloha bokaholimo ba lehloa matsatsing a hlakileng. Leha ho le joalo, liphokojoe tsa arctic ha lia fuoa mahlo a bohale.
Phokojoe ea Arctic e lula kae?
Setšoantšo: Phokojoe ea Arctic e tundra
Liphokojoe tsa Arctic li lula North Pole le latitudes ea tundra le morung-tundra ho e potoloha. Ho feta moo, ba lula lihlekehlekeng tsohle tse ka leboea, lik'honthinenteng esita le ho hoholeha ha leqhoa. Liphokojoe tsa Arctic li lula haholo libakeng tsa li-contingents: Amerika Leboea, leboea ho Europe le Asia. Empa liphokojoe tse putsoa li rata lihlekehleke tse haufi, 'me lik'honthinenteng li ka fumanoa ka seoelo.
Liphokojoe tsa Arctic li ikamahanya le maemo a leholimo a thata joalo ka leboea, bosiu bosiu le serame. Leha ho le joalo, ba lemaletse lijo. Mme, ha tlhahiso e haella, ba ka fetola sebaka sa bona sa bolulo, ba koahela libaka tse telele. Phokojoe ea Arctic e khona ho matha lik'hilomithara tse ka bang lekholo ka letsatsi ka maoto a eona a khutsufalitsoeng ke leqhoa le lehloa. Kahoo liphoofolo ha lia tlamelloa sebakeng sa bolulo se itseng 'me li lula li ikemiselitse ho fetola sebaka sa tsona hore e be se khotsofatsang.
Ho ea ka sebaka sa bolulo, ho tloaelehile ho totobatsa li-subspecies tse 'maloa tsa phokojoe ea Arctic:
- Liphokojoe tsa Arctic tse lulang sehlekehlekeng sa Iceland, ntle le tsona ha ho sa na liphoofolo tse anyesang, li ile tsa fuoa lebitso la Alopex lagopus fuliginosus.
- Liphokojoe tsa Arctic tsa Sehlekehleke sa Bering. Li-subspecies tsena li hlahella har'a bo-tsoalo ba eona ka boea ba eona bo lefifi. Ha se motho e mong le e mong ea tsebang liphokojoe tse joalo, hobane ha li tšoeu ho hang, empa li haufi le botšo. Ntle le moo, batho ba kholo ka ho fetisisa ke ba mofuta ona. Lebitso la tsona ke Alopex lagopus beringensis.
- E 'ngoe ea li-subspecies tse sa tloaelehang ke liphokojoe tsa Mednovsky Arctic, tse tsoang lebitsong la tikoloho, Sehlekehleke sa Medny. Ho setse ba ka bang lekholo feela.
Phokojoe ea Arctic e ja eng?
Setšoantšo: Phokojoe ea Arctic mariha
Lijo tsa baahi ba joalo ba leboea li thata. Empa ha ba khethe lijo 'me ba itokiselitse ho fumana se ba se jang e le hore se se ke sa timela. Liphokojoe tsa Arctic li ja likhoto tse nyane, haholo-holo li-lemmings. Gape di gogelwa ke mae a dinonyane le mamphorwana ka botsona. Bana ba liphoofolo tsa leoatleng le bona hangata ba fetoha liphofu tsa bona. Ba khona ho loma tiiso e nyane kapa walrus.
Mefuta e meng ea litlhapi, li-molluscs, li-crustaceans esita le li-urchine tsa leoatleng ke lijo tse tloaelehileng bakeng sa liphokojoe tsa Arctic lehlabula. Phokojoe ea Arctic e boetse e ja hoo e ka bang ntho e ngoe le e ngoe ho tsoa lijong tsa limela. Ho na le limela tse nyane tundra, ka hona ha ho na boikhethelo. Lijo li kenyelletsa monokotsoai, limela tse fokolang, makala a bonolo a lihlahla, algae.
Ha li khone ho sebetsana le liphoofolo tse kholo, leha ho le joalo, haeba phoofolo e shoele ka boeona kapa e bolailoe ke phoofolo e 'ngoe e kholo, joale liphokojoe tsa Arctic ha li na ho khesa ho ja masala. Hoa etsahala hore liphokojoe tsa sehlekehlekeng se ikopantseng ka ho khetheha le libere kapa liphiri e le hore li je liphofu tsa tsona kamora tsona.
Ka kakaretso, lijo tsa mariha tsa liphokojoe tsa Arctic hangata li na le setopo, ka hona setopo se theko e tlase. Liphokojoe tse mapholi li ja linyants'i tse shoeleng tsa metsing: maruarua, li-walrus, liqibi tsa boea, li-otter tsa leoatleng, liqibi le tse ling tse ling. Ba ka khotsofatsa tlala e matla ka mantle a sa bonahaleng. Liphokojoe tse shoeleng tsa sebaka se seholo sa lefatše li boetse li sebeletsa e le lijo tsa baena ba tsona ba haufi. Ka kutloisiso ena, liphoofolo tsena li tsoetse pele ho ja batho.
Likarolo tsa semelo le mokhoa oa bophelo
Setšoantšo: Fox fox
Hlabula, phokojoe ea Arctic e sebetsa nako e telele - hoo e ka bang nako eohle, e amanang le nako e telele ea motšehare. Nakong ena ea selemo, o lula a batla lijo ho fepa ba lelapa la hae. Nakong ea lehlabula, phokojoe ea arctic e tlameha ho bokella mafura le limatlafatsi 'meleng oa eona, ho seng joalo e ke ke ea phela mariha a batang. Ka hoetla le mariha, phokojoe ea Arctic e khetha ho tsoa ho ea batla lijo bosiu.
Lehlabula, liphoofolo hangata li phomola ka mekoting ea tsona, empa ka linako tse ling li ka phomola le moeeng o bulehileng. Empa mariha, phokojoe ea arctic e khetha ho cheka lehaha le lecha hantle lehloeng la lehloa ebe e ipata teng. A ka ipata matsatsi a 'maloa ka tatellano ho tloha lehloa kapa nakong ea serame se matla.
Ka kakaretso, liphokojoe tsa Arctic li tloaelane hantle le maemo a leholimo. Empa leha ba ntse ba ikamahanya le maemo a mabe, liphoofolo tsohle tsa hoetla li solla mabopong a leoatle kapa linokeng ho leba boroa? ho ea libakeng tse lumellanang haholo, tse ka bang lik'hilomithara tse makholo a 'maloa ho tloha moo. Nakong ea selemo butle-butle ba khutla.
Bophelo ba lelapa bo tšoana haholo le phokojoe. Ba ka lula ba le bang mariha, leha hangata ba bokella likotoana tse 'maloa ho potoloha phofu e kholo. Nakong ea selemo, ba se ba ntse ba theha lipara, ebe ba hlahisa bana ka boiteko bo kopaneng.
Ka tlhaho ea eona, liphokojoe tsa Arctic li hlokolosi 'me li khetha ho se ipehe kotsing ho sa hlokahale. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ba khetholloa ka ho phehella esita le boikakaso. Ha li kopana le libatana tse kholo, ha li balehe, empa li balehela hole feela, 'me ha ho khonahala, li leka ho phamola sengoathoana phofu ea sona. Ka kakaretso, liphokojoe tsa Arctic li kopanya maano ka bobeli a ho fumana ho tsoma ka mafolofolo le ho itsamaela ka bolokolohi.
Khafetsa u ka bona bere e boroa e ja, 'me ka nako ena e lika-likelitsoe ke liphokojoe tse' maloa tsa Arctic, li emetse nako ea tsona. Libakeng tseo moo liphokojoe tsa Arctic li sa tsongoeng, liphoofolo ha li tšabe motho 'me li atamela habo li khobile matšoafo. Ba iqapetse haholo. Ka mohlala, liphokojoe tse lapileng tsa Arctic li ka kena malapeng a batho kapa melikong, moo lijo li utsouoang hangata. Ba ka utsoa le lintja.
Moralo oa sechaba le tlhahiso
Setšoantšo: Arctic Fox Cub
Liphokojoe tsa Arctic ke liphoofolo tse nang le molekane a le mong. Hangata ba theha lipara tse matla mme ba lula malapeng. Lelapa le leng le le leng hangata le kenyelletsa batho ba baholo ba babeli - e tona le e tšehali, malinyane a tsona a hona joale ka bongata ba malinyane a mararo ho isa ho a leshome, mme ka linako tse ling tse tšehali tse 'maloa tse tšehali ho tsoa matlakala a fetileng. Liphoofolo tse ling li ka lula likolone ho tsoa malapeng a 'maloa. Hangata, basali ba hlahisa batsoali ba ba holisang. Ka linako tse ling malapa a mabeli kapa a mararo a ka kopanela mekoting e haufi e hokahantsoeng ke phasejeng.
Ka tloaelo, sebaka sa lelapa la liphokojoe tsa Arctic se tloha ho 2 ho isa ho 30 lisekoere-k'hilomithara. Leha ho le joalo, lilemong tsa tlala, liphokojoe tse polar li ka matha ho feta sebaka sa tsona, ho fihla ho mashome a likete a likilomitara.
Pele li ba le bana, liphokojoe tsa batho ba baholo ba arctic li itjella mekoti. Sebaka sa mokoti se lula se khethoa libakeng tse phahameng, hobane ho na le kotsi ea likhohola khohlong ka metsi a qhibilihang. Hangata mekoti e phunyeletsa mobung o bonolo, hara majoe a hlokahalang bakeng sa ts'ireletso. Mobu o fumanehang hantle o loketseng ho ikatisa o ka fetisoa ho tloha molokong o mong ho ea ho o mong ke liphokojoe tsa arctic. Empa hangata mink ea khale e lahloa ke moloko o mocha, 'me botebo bo bocha bo ntse bo hahuoa haufi le moo. Hangata e hokahana le lehae la batsoali ka kotopo. Ka linako tse ling u ka fumana labyrinths e felletseng, e fihlella menyako e 50-60.
Liphoofolo tsena li fihlela kholo ea thobalano ka likhoeli tse robong kapa leshome le motso o mong. Ka Hlakubele kapa qalong ea Mmesa, liphokojoe tse tšehali tse botšehali li qala estrus, e atisang ho nka nako e fetang libeke tse peli. Ka nako ena, nako e bitsoang ho tsoma ea feta. Nakong ea ha e tšehali e ka ima, lintoa li ba teng lipakeng tsa tse tona tse loantšanang. Ka ho loana, ba hulela tlhokomelo ea basali ho bona. Ho bapala ka maikutlo a lerato a monna le hona ho ka hlaha ka tsela e 'ngoe: o matha ka pel'a mokhethoa ka molamu, ka lesapo kapa ka ntho e' ngoe meno a hae.
Bokhachane hangata bo nka matsatsi a 52, empa boleng bona bo ka tloha matsatsing a 49 ho isa ho a 56. Ho ea qetellong, ha mosali oa moimana a ikutloa hore o tla beleha kapele, hangata ka libeke tse 2, o qala ho lokisa ntlo - o cheka sekoti se secha, a hloekisa ea khale makhasi. Haeba ho se na burrow ka lebaka le itseng, joale e ka tsoala lihlahla. Ho tloha ha e tšehali e tsoala malinyane, phokojoe e tona ea arctic e fetoha phofu feela bakeng sa lelapa lohle.
E tšehali e hlokomela malinyane ka botlalo. Malinyane a manyenyane a fepa lebese ka libeke tse ka bang 10. Joale, ha li se li fihlile libekeng tse tharo ho isa ho tse 'ne, butle-butle li qala ho tloha mokoting. 'Mè ha a li fepe feela, empa o boetse o li ruta ho tsoma, o li ruta ho pholoha serame, ho cheka mekoti lehloeng la lehloa.
Lira tsa tlhaho tsa liphokojoe tsa Arctic
Setšoantšo: Phokojoe ea Arctic
Leha e le hore phokojoe ea Arctic ka boeona ke sebatana, phoofolo ena le eona e na le lira. Malinyane a kotsing haholo. Liphokojoe tsa Arctic li ka tsongoa ke liphiri, lintja tsa raccoon, liphokojoe le liphiri. Ka linako tse ling bere ea polar le eona e ka hlasela, leha khafetsa phofu ea arctic e sa e khahloe ke hobane e le nyane.
Empa liphokojoe tse nyane tsa arctic li ka fetoha phofu ea linonyana tse jang, joalo ka:
- White Owl;
- ntsu ea khauta;
- skua;
- ntsu e mosweu;
- lekhoaba;
- sephooko;
- mefuta e meholo ea likhofu.
Empa khafetsa liphokojoe tse bophirimela li shoa eseng joalo ka liphofu tsa liphoofolo tse li jang, empa li shoa ke tlala ka lebaka la khaello ea lisebelisoa tsa lijo. Ka hona, tlasa maemo a tlhaho, sekhahla sa mafu a liphoofolo (hammoho le ho ikatisa) se fapana haholo selemo le selemo. Maloetse, haholo-holo scabi, distemper, arctic encephalitis le helminthiasis, le tsona ke lintho tse fokolisang.
Bakeng sa phokojoe ea Arctic, bahlolisani ba tobileng lijong ke liphoofolo tse kang ermine kapa weasel. Empa mefuta ena e fokola ka palo mme ka hona ha e bake tšenyo e kholo ho phokojoe ea Arctic. Hape, lilemong tse mashome a fetileng, phetoho ho ea moeling o ka boroa oa lehae la phokojoe ea Arctic ho ea leboea. Bo-rasaense ba 'maloa ba nka sena e le litholoana tsa phokojoe e khabisang sekhahla sa meru-tundra. Empa ho boetse ho na le maikutlo a hore ho fallisoa ho bakoa ke mocheso oa mobu le mobu, molemong oa mongobo oa ona, o fetolang nako ea sekoahelo sa lehloa, microclimate of burrows le phetoho kabo ea phepelo ea lijo.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Setšoantšo: Buka e khubelu ea Arctic Fox
Palo ea liphokojoe tsa Arctic e tlas'a liphetoho tse matla ho latela phepelo ea lisebelisoa tsa lijo, haholo-holo lilamunu. Hape, ho falla ha liphoofolo ho na le tšusumetso e kholo palo ea baahi. Joalo ka ha hoetla e ngoe le e ngoe liphoofolo tse ahileng tundra li qala ho solla mabopong a leoatle le likhohlo tsa noka ho leba boroa, ebe li khutla nakong ea selemo, ha se liphoofolo tsohle tse pholohang ho solla, 'me tse ling tsa tsona lia shoa, haholo-holo lilemong tsa tlala.
Sebakeng sa tundra ka lilemo tse fapaneng palo e ka fapana ho tloha ho mashome a likete a likete ho isa ho liphoofolo tse likete tse makholo a 'maloa. Liphokojoe tsa Arctic li ngata haholo ho Bolshezemelskie, Yenisei, Ustyansk, Yamal, Prilensk tundras.
Nakong e fetileng, batho ba ne ba tsoma liphokojoe tsa Arctic haholo ka lebaka la seaparo sa bona se setle sa boea. Sena se lebisitse ho fokotseheng ho hoholo ha lipalo. Ka hona, kajeno nako ea ho tsoma e laoloa ka thata - e lekanyelitsoe nakong ea hoetla, 'me ke batho ba baholo feela ba ka tsongang. E nyane haholo, mme e kotsing, e nang le palo e nyane haholo, Commander subspecies of the blue fox (aka Mednovsky arctic fox) e na le boemo ba mofuta o kotsing mme e thathamisitsoe ho Red Book of Russia.
Ts'ireletso ea liphokojoe tsa Arctic
Setšoantšo: Phokojoe ea Arctic e tsoang ho Red Book
Hajoale, mosebetsi o ntse o tsoela pele ho eketsa palo ea liphokojoe tsa polar. Ho fepa liphoofolo ho hlophisitsoe nakong ea tlala. Ka lebaka la ho thapisoa habonolo ha liphokojoe tsa Arctic, li ile tsa qala ho li tsoalla kholehong. Finland le Norway ke bona ba etelletseng pele ka ho ikatisa le ho ikatisa ha botlamuoa.
Phokojoe ea mahe a linotši a arctic, e thathamisitsoeng ho Red Book of Russia, e sirelelitsoe sebakeng sa Commander Biosphere Reserve. Ho tšoasa litlhapi tsa phokojoe ea Mednovsky e ile ea emisoa ka botlalo ho li-60s. Ka linako tse ling ho etsoa boiteko ba ho alafa malinyane a phofshoana ea arctic a kulang ho tsoa tšoaetsong, e lebisang keketsehong ea sekhahla sa ho phela.
Bakeng sa ho thibela le ho fokotsa lefu la liphoofolo nakong ea mariha, hape le nakong ea ho putlama ha malinyane, ho ile ha etsoa boiteko ba ho lekanyetsa ho kenella ha lintja Sehlekehlekeng sa Medny, hammoho le boiteko ba ho theha sebaka sa polokelo ea liphokojoe tsa mefuta ena ea Arctic se botlamuoeng.
Letsatsi la phatlalatso: 23.02.2019
Letsatsi la ho nchafatsa: 09/15/2019 ka 23:55
