Tundra e hlahisitse maemo a leholimo a leholimo a mabe, empa a batla a le bobebe ho feta tikolohong ea Leoatle la Arctic. Mona linoka li phalla, ho na le matša le mekhoabong moo ho fumanoang litlhapi le liphoofolo tsa metsing. Linonyana li fofa holim'a li-expanses, sehlaha mona le mane. Mona li lula feela nakong ea mofuthu, 'me hang ha e qala ho bata nakong ea hoetla, li fofela libakeng tse futhumetseng.
Mefuta e meng ea liphoofolo e ikamahantse le serame se tlase, lehloa le maemo a leholimo a mabe a atileng mona. Sebakeng sena sa tlhaho, tlholisano le ntoa ea ho phela li utluoa haholo. Bakeng sa ho phela, liphoofolo li hlahisitse bokhoni bo latelang:
- mamello;
- ho bokella mafura a mangata;
- moriri o molelele le masiba;
- tšebeliso e utloahalang ea matla;
- khetho e itseng ea libaka tsa ho ikatisa;
- sebopeho sa lijo tse khethehileng.
Linonyana tsa Tundra
Linonyana tse ngata li baka lerata sebakeng seo. Tundra ho na le li-plover tsa pola le liphooko, li-gull le li-tern, li-guillemots le buntings tsa lehloa, li-eider le ptarmigan, limela tsa Lapland le lipeipi tse khubelu. Nakong ea selemo-hlabula, linonyana li fofa mona li tsoa linaheng tse futhumetseng, li hlophisa likoloni tse kholo tsa linonyana, li haha lihlaha, li qhotsa mahe le ho holisa litsuonyana tsa tsona. Qalong ea leholimo le batang, ba tlameha ho ruta liphoofolo tse nyane ho fofa, hore hamorao kaofela li fofele boroa hammoho. Mefuta e meng (liphooko le li-partges) li lula tundra selemo ho pota, kaha li se li tloaetse ho phela hara leqhoa.
Plover e nyane
Tern
Guillemots
Metsoako ea Eider
Semela sa Lapland
Li-skate tse bofubelu bo bofubelu
Baahi ba likepe le linoka
Baahi ba ka sehloohong ba matamo ke litlhapi. Linokeng, matšeng, mokhoabong le maoatleng a likhohola tsa Russia ho na le mefuta e latelang:
Omul
Litlhapi tse tšoeu
Salemone
Vendace
Dallia
Matamo a ruile ka plankton, li-mollusk li phela. Ka linako tse ling li-walrus le litiiso tse tsoang libakeng tsa boahelani li lelera sebakeng sa metsi sa tundra.
Dinyantshi
Liphokojoe tsa Arctic, likhama tse tona, li-lemmings le liphiri tse karolong e ka leboea ea lefatše ke lintho tse tloaelehileng sechabeng seo. Liphoofolo tsena li ikamahanya le maemo a leholimo maemong a batang. Hore li phele, li tlameha ho lula li le leetong le ho ipatlela lijo. Hape mona u ka bona libere tsa polar, liphokojoe, linku tse kholo le li-hares, li-weasel, li-ermine le minks.
Lemming
Weasel
Kahoo, lefats'eng ho ile ha theoa lefatše le hlollang la liphoofolo. Bophelo ba baemeli bohle ba liphoofolo mona bo ipapisitse le maemo a leholimo le bokhoni ba bona ba ho phela, ka hona mefuta e ikhethang le e khahlisang e bokane sebakeng sena sa tlhaho. Tse ling tsa tsona ha li lule sebakeng se chesang feela, empa hape li lula libakeng tse haufi tsa tlhaho.
