Tlhokomelo ea tikoloho e etsoa tikolohong ea tlhaho, e lumellang ho shebella matla a liphetoho lits'ebetsong tsohle tsa tikoloho. Lintlha tsohle li bokelloa ke lits'ebeletso tse ikhethileng ho tsoa linthong tse fapaneng, ho etsoa liphuputso, tseo tlhahlobo e ngoe e etsoang.
Mefuta ea ho lekola tikoloho
Ho latela boemo ba lipatlisiso le boholo, tlhahlobo ea tikoloho e arotsoe ka:
- bioecological, e sekasekang litekanyetso tsa bohloeki le bohloeki;
- tsamaiso ea lefatše, eo ho eona ho ithutiloeng lintlha tsa linaha tsa moruo le tsa tlhaho;
- biosphere, eo setšoantšo se akaretsang se entsoeng ka bophara ba lipolanete.
Ho beha leihlo boemo ba tikoloho, ho bokelloa lintlha tse fapaneng boemong ba tšilafalo ea moea le metsi, lits'oants'o tsa maemo a leholimo le boemo ba tlhaho e sa pheleng. Lintlha tsohle tsa maemo a leholimo le liphetoho le tsona lia phenyekolloa. Boemong ba ho lekola likokoana-hloko, ho beoa leihlo likokoana-hloko le boemo ba tsona nakong ea ts'ilafalo le liphetoho tsa tikoloho. Ntle le moo, ho lekola tikoloho ho kenyelletsa pokello ea tlhaiso-leseling ka maemo le boemo ba bophelo ba batho. Sena sohle se nolofalletsa ho bolela esale pele boemo ba tikoloho ea lefats'e le ho tseba mathata a tikoloho.
Maemo a ho lekola Eco
Ka kakaretso, pokello ea lintlha e etsoa maemong a fapaneng:
- lintlha tse qaqileng - lithuto tsa setša se nyane kapa sebaka sa mobu;
- ea lehae - e etsoa ka har'a moralo oa setereke kapa oa bolulo;
- lebatowa - boemo ba boemo ba lebatooa bo ithutoa;
- naha - tlhokomelo ea tikoloho ea naha e itseng ea etsoa;
- lefats'e - le etsoa ka har'a moralo oa lenaneo la UN, liphetoho tsa sekala sa lipolanete lia ithutoa.
Bohlokoa ba ho lekola tikoloho
Tlhokomelo ea tikoloho e etsoa khafetsa ke mafapha a ikhethileng. Tlhahisoleseling ena e etsa hore ho khonehe ho fumana tlhaiso-leseling ka boemo ba tikoloho ka nako e itseng ka nepahalo e phahameng ho hloekisa tikoloho le ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho ka mokhoa o utloahalang. E boetse eu lumella ho lekola ho potoloha ha lintho tikolohong, ho tseba nako ea ho bola ha mefuta e fapaneng ea litšila, ho sebelisa tse ling tsa tsona le ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea anthopogenic tlhahong ho hlola mathata a fapaneng a tikoloho.
Kahoo, ho lekola tikoloho ke mosebetsi oa bohlokoa ho lekola boemo ba polanete ea rona. E o lumella ho rekota ka nako eohle liphetoho tsohle motheong oa ponelopele. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, e thusa ho tseba hore na u ka sebelisa melemo e itseng ea tlhaho joang.
Lenaneo la ho lekola tikoloho
Lenaneo la sistimi ea ho lekola le utloisisoa e le sehlopha sa lipheo tsa mokhatlo, maano a ikhethileng a boits'oaro le mekhoa ea ho kenya tšebetsong. Likarolo tse kholo ke:
- Lintho tse nang le tšupiso ea sebaka, tse tlasa taolo e thata ea lits'ebeletso;
- litsupa taolo;
- libaka tse amohelehang tsa phetoho ea litsupa
- sekala sa nako.
Lenaneo ka leng le na le limmapa tse ntlafalitsoeng, litafole tse bonts'a libaka le matsatsi, hammoho le mekhoa ea mehlala, lichate le lintlha tse ling tsa bohlokoa. Hape, lenaneo le kenyelletsa mekhoa ea tlhahlobo e hole, e lumellang ho tseba maemo a tikoloho.
