Biology, joalo ka mahlale a mang, e ruile ka mantsoe a ikhethileng. Lintho tse bonolo tse re potileng le uena hangata li bitsoa mantsoe a sa utloisiseheng. Sehloohong sena re tla bua ka hore na ke bo-mang seoa mme ke mang ya ka bitswang lentsoe leo.
Lentsoe "endemic" le bolelang?
Bofutsana ke mofuta oa semela kapa oa phoofolo o fumanoang sebakeng se fokolang haholo. Mohlala, haeba phoofolo e itseng e lula sebakeng sa lik'hilomithara tse makholo a 'maloa' me e sa fumanehe kae kapa kae Lefatšeng, e atile.
Sebaka se fokolang sa bolulo se bolela ho phela maemong a tlhaho. Liphoofolo tsa mofuta o le mong, tse phelang, ka mohlala, libakeng tsa polokelo ea liphoofolo ho pota lefatše, ha li tlose "sehlooho" sa sebaka se tloaelehileng ho tsoa ho bona ho tsoa lefats'eng le lokolohileng.
Koala e atile Australia
Mokhoa oa ho qetela o hlaha joang
Ho thibela libaka tsa liphoofolo le limela ke mochini o rarahaneng oa mabaka a fapaneng. Hangata ke ho arohana ha libaka kapa maemo a leholimo, a thibelang ho hasana ha mefuta sebakeng se pharalletseng. Mohlala o motle oa maemo a joalo ke sehlekehleke.
Ke lihlekehleke tse atisang ho ba le limela le liphoofolo tse atileng haholo tse setseng moo feela eseng kae kapa kae. Kaha ba fihlile sebakeng sena sa mobu lilemong tse ngata tse fetileng, ha ba sa khona ho fallela naheng e kholo. Ho feta moo, maemo sehlekehlekeng sena a lumella phoofolo kapa semela hore se se ke sa phela feela, empa hape le ho fa bana, ho tsoelapele ka mofuta oa sona.
Ho na le mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho fihla sehlekehlekeng - mohlala, peo ea limela tse sa tloaelehang e ka fofa tlase kapa marameng a linonyana. Liphoofolo hangata li fella lihlekehlekeng, ka lebaka la likoluoa tsa tlhaho, mohlala, likhohola tsa sebaka seo ba neng ba phela ho sona pele.
Haeba re bua ka baahi ba metsing, boemo bo loketseng bakeng sa ponahalo ea mofuta o teng ke 'mele o koetsoeng oa metsi. Letša lena, le tlatsitsoeng ka thuso ea liliba ebile ha le na kamano le linoka kapa melapo, hangata le lula le linonyana tse se nang lesapo la mokokotlo kapa litlhapi.
Hape, mabaka a ho hlaha ha li-endemics a kenyelletsa boemo ba leholimo bo ikhethang, ntle le bophelo ba mofuta o itseng bo ke keng ba khoneha. Sena se lebisa ntlheng ea hore libopuoa tse ling li lula feela libakeng tse ling polaneteng ea rona sebakeng se lekantsoeng ke li-kilomitara tse 'maloa.
Mehlala ea li-endemics
Ho na le liphoofolo le limela tse ngata tse fumanehang lihlekehlekeng tsa leoatle. Mohlala, limela tse fetang 80% ho Saint Helena Leoatleng la Atlantic li atile. Lihlekehlekeng tsa Galapagos, ho na le mefuta e joalo le ho feta - ho fihlela 97%. Russia, Letša la Baikal ke letlotlo la 'nete la limela le liphoofolo. Mona, 75% ea lintho tsohle tse phelang le limela li ka bitsoa seemo. E 'ngoe ea tse tummeng le e ikhethang ke tiiso ea Baikal.
Baikal seal - e atile Letšeng la Baikal
Hape har'a li-endemics ho na le paleoendemics le neoendemics. Ka hona, tsa pele ke liphoofolo le limela tse bileng teng ho tloha mehleng ea khale mme, ka lebaka la ho itšehla thajana ka botlalo, li fapane haholo le mefuta e ts'oanang, empa e fetohile libakeng tse ling. Ka ho li shebella, boramahlale ba ka fumana leseli la bohlokoahali mabapi le kholo le nts'etsopele ea mefuta. Paleoendemics e kenyelletsa, ka mohlala, coelacanth. Ke hlapi eo ho neng ho nahanoa hore e timetse lilemong tse fetang limilione tse 60 tse fetileng, empa e fumanoe ka phoso libakeng tse peli tsa polanete e nang le bolulo bo fokolang haholo. E fapane haholo le litlhapi tse ling "tsa sejoale-joale".
Neoendemics ke limela le liphoofolo tse sa tsoa ikhetholla 'me li se li qalile ho hlaha ka tsela e fapaneng le mefuta e ts'oanang e sa ikaroleng. Tiiso ea Baikal, e boletsoeng kaholimo, ke ea li-neoendemics.
Lingoloa tse sa feleng
- Li-endemics tsa Afrika
- Li-endemics tsa Russia
- Li-endemics tsa Amerika Boroa
- Li-endemics tsa Crimea
- Li-endemics tsa Baikal
- Ho atile Australia
