Lehoatata la Arctic le fumaneha khubung ea Leoatle la Arctic. Sebaka sohle ke karolo ea lebanta la Arctic la libaka mme se nkuoa e le sebaka se sa rateheng ka ho fetesisa bakeng sa bolulo. Sebaka sa lehoatata se koahetsoe ke leqhoa, maloanlahla le maloanlahla.
Boemo ba leholimo ba lehoatata la Arctic
Boemo ba leholimo bo bobe bo kenya letsoho ho thehoeng ha lehloa le lehloa, tse tsoelang pele selemo ho pota. Mocheso o tloaelehileng mariha ke -30 likhato, boholo bo ka fihla ho -60 degrees.
Ka lebaka la maemo a leholimo a leholimo a leholimo, ho na le palo e fokolang ea liphoofolo sebakeng sa lehoatata la Arctic, 'me ha ho na limela. Sebaka sena sa tlhaho se khetholloa ke meea e matla ea sefefo le lifefo. Le hlabula, libaka tsa lehoatata li bonesetsoa hanyane, mme mobu ha o na nako ea ho qhibiliha ka botlalo. Nakong ea "chesang", mocheso o nyoloha ho fihlela likhato tsa zero. Ka tloaelo, lehoatata le koahetse 'me hangata pula e na le lehloa. Ka lebaka la mouoane o matla oa metsi a tsoang leoatleng, ho theoa sebopeho sa moholi.
Lefeella la arctic le haufi le North Pole mme le kaholimo ho likhato tsa 75 leboea. Sebaka sa eona ke 100 likete km². Karolo e kaholimo ho karolo ea Greenland, North Pole, le lihlekehleke tse ling moo batho ba lulang teng le liphoofolo li lulang teng. Lithaba, libaka tse bataletseng, lehloa ke likarolo tsa lehoatata la Arctic. Li ka ba tsa libopeho le boholo bo fapaneng, tsa ba le sebopeho se ikhethileng.
Lehoatata la Arctic la Russia
Moeli o ka boroa oa lehoatata la Arctic la Russia o batla o. Wrangel, leboea - hoo e ka bang. Naha ea Franz Josef. Sebaka sena se kenyeletsa mathoko a leboea a Hloahloeng ea Taimyr, e ka bang. Novaya Zemlya, Lihlekehleke tsa Novosibirsk, maoatle a lipakeng tsa libaka tsa mobu. Ho sa tsotelehe tikoloho e sehlōhō sebakeng sena, setšoantšo se shebahala se le setle ebile sea loka: lehloa le leholo le otlolla hohle, mme bokaholimo bo koahetsoe ke lehloa selemo ho pota. Makhetlo a 'maloa ka selemo mocheso oa moea o nyolohela ho likhato tse 0- + 5. Pula e na ka mokhoa oa serame, lehloa, maqhubu (a sa feteng 400 mm). Sebaka sena se tšoauoa ka meea e matla, moholi, maru.
Ka kakaretso, sebaka sa mahoatata a Arctic a Russia ke likete tse 56. Ka lebaka la ho sisinyeha ha leqhoa la k'honthinente lebōpong le ho hlatsoa ha bona khafetsa ka metsi, ho thehoa leqhoa. Karolo ea leqhoa e tloha ho 29.6 ho isa ho 85.1%.
Limela le liphoofolo tsa lehoatata la arctic
Joalo ka sehlekehleke sa arctic, lehoatata le nkuoa e le sebaka se thata sa ho lula. Leha ho le joalo, maemong a pele, ho bonolo haholo hore liphoofolo li phele, hobane li ka iphepa ka limpho tsa tundra. Lefeelleng, maemo a thata haholo mme ho thata haholo ho fumana lijo. Ntle le sena, sebaka sena se koahetsoe ke limela tse bulehileng, tse lulang halofo ea lehoatata kaofela. Ha ho na lifate kapa lihlahla, empa libaka tse nyane tse nang le boriba, boriba, bolele bo fumanehang mobung o majoe li ka fumanoa. Limela tsa litlama li emeloa ke lihlaha le joang. Lehoatateng la Arctic, u ka fumana li-crumbs, poppy popar, starfish, pike, buttercup, koena, alpine foxtail, saxifrage le mefuta e meng.
Poppy ea polar
Starworm
Buttercup
Koena
Lithaba tsa Alpine foxtail
Saxifrage
Ha u bona sehlekehleke se setala sa botala, seo se etsa hore u bonahale eka ke letša le letle le leqhoeng le lehloa le sa feleng. Mobu o na le serame ebile o otile (o lula joalo ka selemo se seng le se seng). Permafrost e ea botebong ba limithara tse 600-1000 mme e thatafalletsa metsi. Nakong e futhumetseng, matša a metsi a qhibilihang a hlaha sebakeng sa lehoatata. Ha ho na limatlafatsi mobung, e na le lehlabathe le lengata.
Ka kakaretso, ha ho na mefuta ea limela tse phahameng ho feta 350. Ka boroa ho lehoatata, o ka fumana lihlahla tsa moluoane o mosesane le li-dryads.
Ka lebaka la khaello ea limela tsa tlhaho, liphoofolo tse sebakeng sa leqhoa li haella haholo. Mona ke mefuta e 16 feela ea linonyana, eo har'a eona ho nang le luriks, guillemots, fulmars, glaucous gulls, kittiwakes, guillemots, sephooko sa lehloa le tse ling. Liphoofolo tsa lefats'e li kenyelletsa liphiri tsa arctic, likhama tsa New Zealand, likhomo tsa musk, lemmings le liphokojoe tsa arctic. Li-pinniped li emeloa ke li-walrus le litiiso.
Lerato
Purser
U sethoto
Seagull Burgomaster
Guillemot
Polub ea sephooko
Lehoatateng ho na le mefuta e ka bang 120 ea liphoofolo, 'me tse ling tsa tsona ke bo-squirrel, liphiri, li-hares, maruarua le li-voic tsa Arctic. Baemeli bohle ba lefats'e ba liphoofolo ba ikamahanya le maemo a leholimo a leholimo mme ba khona ho phela maemong a mabe haholo. Liphoofolo li na le seaparo se teteaneng le mafura a mangata, a thusang ho phela serameng.
Libere tsa pola li nkuoa e le baahi ba ka sehloohong ba lehoatata la Arctic.
Dinyantshi di phela mobung le metsing. Libere li tsoala lebopong le ka leboea la Cape Zhelaniy, Chukotka, hoo e ka bang. Francis Joseph Naha. Sebaka sa polokelo ea tlhaho sa Wrangel Island se libakeng tse matsaranka, se nang le maphao a ka bang 400 bakeng sa liphoofolo tse anyesang. Sebaka sena se bitsoa "sepetlele sa bakhachane" bakeng sa libere tsa polar.
Litlhapi li emeloa ke trout, flounder, salmon le cod. Likokoanyana tse kang menoang, marutle, tšoele, lintsintsi, li-midge le li-bumblebee tsa arctic li lula lehoatateng.
Trout
Flounder
Salemone
Cod
Lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho tsa lehoatata la arctic
Leha ho na le maemo a mabe a bophelo, lehoatata la Arctic le khahleha ka ho lekana bakeng sa merafo. Lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tsa tlhaho ke oli le khase. Ho phaella moo, libakeng tse koahetsoeng ke lehloa u ka fumana metsi a hloekileng, tšoasa litlhapi tsa bohlokoa le liminerale tse ling. Likhehlo tsa lehloa tse ikhethang, tse sa senyehang, tse hohelang li hohela bahahlauli ba likete ka melemo e meng ea moruo.
Libaka tsa Arctic le tsona li na le mobung oa koporo, nickel, mercury, tin, tungsten, platinoids le likarolo tse sa tloaelehang tsa lefats'e. Lehoatateng u ka fumana mehloli ea tšepe ea bohlokoa (silevera le khauta).
Mefuta-futa ea tikoloho ena e ipapisitse haholo le batho. Tlolo ea molao ea tikoloho ea liphoofolo, kapa phetoho e nyane molemong oa sekoaelo sa mobu e ka baka litlamorao tse mpe. Kajeno ke Arctic e leng e 'ngoe ea mehloli e meholo ea metsi a hloekileng, kaha e na le 20% ea phepelo ea lefats'e.
