Breed Newfoundland (Newfoundland) e tsejoa ke bahlahisi ba bangata ba lintja le batsamaisi ba lintja tlasa lebitso "diver". Qalong e ne e sebelisoa e le ntja e sebetsang Canada. Karolo e ikhethang ea mofuta ona ke boteng ba lera le ikhethang lipakeng tsa menoana ea maoto.
Nalane ea tšimoloho ea mofuta ona
Ho tsejoa likhopolo-taba tse 'maloa ka tšimoloho ea Newfoundland... Mofuta oa mantlha ke hore baholo-holo ba mofuta ona e ne e le "lintja tsa bere", tse tlisitsoeng ke Viking Leif Erickson ho sehlekehleke sa leoatle sa Newfoundland.
Ha ho monate joalo ke monahano oa hore baholo-holo ba Newfoundland ke bo-mastiffe ba Tibet. Ha e le hantle, ha ho na bopaki bo tobileng ba kamano e joalo, 'me ha ho na bopaki ba saense ho latela hore na baholo-holo ba "ba fapa-fapaneng" ba kajeno ba fihlile Amerika Leboea ba tsoa sebakeng sa Tibet.
Hoa thahasellisa! Mamello ea bona, boinehelo le khutso, hammoho le bokhoni ba bona ba ho mamella habonolo maemo ohle a leholimo a leholimo a sehlekehleke sa Canada, Newfoundlands ea sejoale-joale, ka lebaka la mefuta e sebelisoang ho tšela.
Khopolo e utloahalang ka ho fetisisa ke ponahalo ea mofuta ona nakong ea nts'etsopele ea tlhaho ea lintja tsa Canada, tse nang le seaparo se tlokomang se se nang metsi.
Ho hlaha ha Newfoundland ntlheng ena ho bakoa ke ho tšela lintja tsa Canada tse nang le mefuta e joalo ka Mastiffs, Molossos, Portugal le Scottish Shepherds.
Ponahalo, tlhaloso
Litekanyetso li fana ka tlhaloso e qaqileng ea se loketseng, ho ea ka pono ea mofuta, moemeli, o lokelang ho sebelisoa ke batsoalisi e le mohlala. Kajeno, batsoalisi bohle ba tataisoa ke litekanyetso tse 'ne tsa semmuso: Senyesemane, Amerika, Canada le FCI.
Linaha tsohle - litho tsa International Cynological Federation, lilemong tsa morao tjena li tataisoa ke khatiso ea morao-rao ea standard ea FCI, ho ipapisitsoe le litekanyetso tse ngata tse ipapisitseng le lisebelisoa tsa maemo a Canada.
Litekanyetso tsa tsoalo
Newfoundlands ke ea sehlopha sa lintja tse sitsoeng bakeng sa ho tsamaisa thepa le lintja tsa metsing, tse tlamehang ho fihlela litekanyetso tse latelang tsa tsoalo:
- 'mele o mosesane, mokokotlo o motenya;
- hlooho e kholo, e na le lehata le pharaletseng, e nang le khokahano e nyane le boteng ba protuberance ea occipital e ntlafalitsoeng hantle;
- maoto a tsebahala hantle, empa ha a bohale, 'me nko e kholo ebile e na le' mala o motle, linko li holile hantle;
- thiba molomo o sekwere, o tebile ebile o batla o le mokgutshwane, o kwahetswe ke moriri o mokgutshwane le bonolo, mme lerama le bonolo;
- ho loma ha mofuta o otlolohileng kapa ho loma sekere;
- mahlo a batla a le manyane, a batla a tebile 'me a pharalletse, a sootho bo bosootho kapa a bobebe hanyenyane;
- litsebe ha li kholo haholo, tse likhutlo li tharo, tse nang le malebela a chitja, li behiloe mokokotlong oa lehata;
- molala o matla ebile o na le mesifa e lekaneng ntle le phoka e feteletseng;
- sebaka se ka morao se sephara, se na le mokokotlo o matla o lekaneng le o nang le mesifa e tlase;
- croup e pharaletse, e na le letsoapo le tloaelehileng la 30 °;
- maoto a ka pele a otlolohile mme a a tshwana, mme maoto a kamorao a na le sebaka se matla, se sephara le se selelele sa pelvic;
- mohatla o matla ebile o sephara botlaaseng.
Mofuta ona o khetholloa ka seaparo se metsi se sa keneleng metsi, ka linako tse ling se na le bohlasoa bo fokolang le moriri o molelele oa ho lebela. Boea ba ka tlasa botenya haholo ebile bo bonolo.
Mebala e metšo, e sootho le e bosoeu bo bosoeu e lumelloa ke maemo... Bolelele ba monna e moholo bo ponang ke 70-71cm. Bolelele ba kariki ea motho e moholo bo ponang ke 65-66cm. Boima ba e tona ke 67-68kg, mme leoto ke 53-54kg.
Sebopeho sa Newfoundland
Ka ntle, Newfoundland e "khanya" ka mosa le bonolo ba semelo. Leha e le ponahalo e ntle haholo, ke ntja e thabileng le e qapileng, e tsebahalang ka bonolo le khutso.
Newfoundland e phethahetseng e batla e sena mokhoa oa tlhaho oa ho tsoma, empa e khona ho iketsetsa liqeto ka bo eona maemong a mang. Mofuta ona o ananeloa haholo ka lebaka la ho se be mabifi ho batho le liphoofolo tse ling ka botlalo.
Hoa thahasellisa! Bo-rasaense ba pakile hore Newfoundlands hangata e bona litoro, ka hona, nakong ea phomolo, phoofolo ea lapeng e lla, e ingoa le ho ama marapo a eona, kapa, ho fapana le moo, ea thaba ebile ea tsoka mohatla.
Li-Newfoundlands li sesa hantle, ka hona li thabile haholo ka monyetla ofe kapa ofe oa ho sebelisa kalafo ea metsi. Leha ho le joalo, ho bohlokoa haholo ho ruta malinyane ho tloha metsotsong ea pele ea ponahalo ea eona ka tlung.
Haeba ho hlokahala, o ka bonts'a phoofolo ea hau ea lapeng ho hlahisa litsebi tse tla thusa eseng feela ho fetola semelo, empa hape ho fana ka likeletso tse sebetsang mabapi le tlhokomelo le kholo ea Newfoundland.
Bolele ba bophelo
Nako e tloaelehileng ea bophelo ba ntja e kholo e nang le 'mele o matla le mesifa le metsamao e tsamaellanang hantle ke lilemo tse leshome feela.
Leha ho le joalo, joalo ka ha tloaelo ea nako e telele ea ho boloka mofuta o joalo lapeng e bontša, esita le liphoso tse nyane haholo tlhokomelong hangata li baka phokotso e matla ea tebello ea bophelo ea Newfoundland.
Likahare tsa Newfoundland hae
Li-newfoundlands ha li tšoanelehe ka ho felletseng ho koalloa ka ntle kahare ho mekoallo kapa ka liketane. Mofuta ona, hangata, o bolokoa maemong a folete kapa ntlong ea poraefete ea teropo e nang le jarete ea ho tsamaea khafetsa.
Pele o reka ntjanyana, o tlameha ho tloaelana le melao ea mantlha ea ho e boloka.... Ho bohlokoa ho fa phoofolo ea hau ea lapeng sebaka sa ho robala le ho phomola hantle, le ho ja.
Ntlo e lokela ho ba le lisebelisoa tsa thuso ea pele ea bongaka ba liphoofolo, lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tsa ho bapala le ho ikoetlisa, hammoho le lisebelisoa tsohle tsa tlhokomelo ea bohloeki.
Tlhokomelo le bohloeki
Ho bohlokoa haholo ho hlokomela seaparo se selelele sa Newfoundland khafetsa le ka nepo. Hoa hlokahala ho kopanya seaparo letsatsi le leng le le leng, u sebelisa borashe ka mofuta o thata oa bristle. Jase e hloka tlhokomelo e khethehileng nakong ea tšollo ea mali.
Hore o seke oa roba lera le sireletsang la letlalo la phoofolo ea lapeng le letlalo, ho hlokahala hore o qobe ho hlapa ntja ntle le haeba ho hlokahala. Liphetho tse ntle haholo li fumanoa ka kalafo ea boea ka linako tse ling ka li-shampoo tse khethehileng tse omileng.
Litsebe li hlahlojoa beke le beke, 'me haeba ho fumanoa libaka tsa bofubelu bo hlakileng, auricle e hloekisoa ka botlalo ka pad ea k'hothone e kolobisitsoeng ka chlorhexidine, ka mor'a moo letlalo le tlotsitsoe ka synthomycin emulsion.
Ho tlosa liphiri tse bokellanang pel'a mahlo, sebelisa gauze e inetsoeng metsing a hloekileng kapa litlolo tse khethehileng tsa litlama.
Manala a sehiloe khafetsa ho thusa ho bopa metacarpus le menoana ea maoto... Hape o hloka ho netefatsa bohloeki ba meno. Bakeng sa ho hloekisa, ho sebelisoa li-pastes tse khethehileng tse se nang allergenic le borashe ba meno, hammoho le pheko ea ho tlosa lejoe le tsoang meno. Li-depositi tsa Tartar li tlosoa tleliniking ea bongaka ba bongaka.
Bohlokoa! Leha e le hore ho hlapa Newfoundland hangata ho ke ke ha khoneha, ho tloha bonyenyaneng phoofolo ea lapeng e hloka ho rutoa mekhoa e tlamang ea bohloeki, ho kenyelletsa ho hlatsoa maoto ka mor'a ho tsamaea le ho hlakola thiba ka lesela le mongobo kamora ho ja.
Mokhoa oa ho fepa Newfoundland
Bongata ba bahlahisi ba lintja haufinyane ba ntse ba sebelisa lijo tse lokiselitsoeng ho fepa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng, tse ka fuoang Newfoundland eseng feela ka sebopeho se ommeng, empa hape e kentsoe metsing a tloaelehileng kapa moro. Bakeng sa ho tseba hantle hore na lijo li joang, ho hlokahala hore mofuputsi a tsebe hore na o tloaetse ho ja lijo tse jeoang ke lelinyane. Ehlile, o ka fetisetsa ntja ho mofuta o fapaneng oa lijo, empa phetoho e joalo lijong e tlameha ho etsoa butle butle.
Bohlokoa! Hopola hore ha u fepa phoofolo ea lapeng lijo tse ommeng, ntja e tlameha ho fuoa phihlello e sa sitisoeng ea metsi a hloekileng a nooang.
Palo ea phepelo le sekhahla sa phepelo li tla fapana ho latela lilemo tsa phoofolo ea lapeng:
- malinyane ho tloha likhoeling tse peli ho isa ho tse 'ne a fuoa lijo makhetlo a mahlano ka letsatsi;
- malinyane ho tloha likhoeling tse 'ne ho isa ho tse tšeletseng a fuoa lijo makhetlo a mane ka letsatsi;
- ha a le likhoeli tse tšeletseng ho isa ho likhoeli tse robeli, lijo li fuoa makhetlo a mararo ka letsatsi;
- phoofolo ea lapeng e fetang likhoeli tse robeli e ka fetisetsoa lijong tse peli ka letsatsi.
Lijo tse lokiselitsoeng lijo li fapane haholo, empa ho latela sehlopha le likarolo tsa boleng ba tsona, li ka hlahisoa ka lihlopha tse fapaneng.
Newfoundland le eona e ka fepuoa ka lijo tse tloaelehileng tsa tlhaho, empa ketsahalong ena, o tla hloka ho bala ka nepo palo le mofuta oa lijo, hape o lekanye likarolo tsohle mme o bale ho tlatsetsoa ha livithamini le diminerale.
Lihlahisoa tsohle li tlameha ho ba tsa boleng bo holimo, eseng tse mafura le tse ncha... Ho hlokahala hore u fepe phoofolo ea lapeng, ho sa tsotelehe boima le lilemo, hora kamora ho khutla leetong.
Maloetse le mathata a ho tsoala
Ho kheloha leha e le hofe ho litekanyetso tsa mefuta ho nkuoa e le liphoso. Likotsi tse kholo tsa Newfoundland li kenyelletsa:
- maoto a phahameng;
- ho tsitsinyeha kapa bobebe ba lesapo;
- bohale kapa bokoala;
- hlooho e moqotetsane le molomo o molelele kapa o motsu;
- mahlo a chitja kapa a hlahelletseng a mosehla a nang le mahlo a boraro a bonahalang;
- ho tsoma, ho fokola kapa ho thekesela morao;
- mohatla o mokgutswane kapa o molelele haholo o nang le dikinki kapa manonyeletso qetellong.
Ho etsa liphoso tse sa tšoaneleheng ho kenyelletsa ho haelloa ke bohale, ho khopama le mehlahare e tlase, seaparo se sekhuts'oane haholo ebile se boreleli, 'mala o fosahetseng. E tona e lokela ho ba le li-testes tse ntlafalitsoeng tse theohelang skothong.
Newfoundlands le eona e na le monyetla oa mafu a itseng a ho ikatisa, a emeloang ke:
- dysplasia ea manonyeletso a letheka, a tsamaeang le mathata a nts'etsopele ea lenonyeletso mme a ka ba ka lehlakoreng le leng kapa ka mahlakore a mabeli. Mefuta e rarahaneng ka ho fetisisa e khetholloa ka ho tlosoa ho feletseng ha hlooho ea botšehali ho tloha acetabulum;
- maloetse a methapo ea pelo ka mokhoa oa aortic stenosis. Lefa le fokotseha la lesoba la aortic le sitisa phallo ea mali ea tlhaho. E le molao, matšoao a pele a lefu lena a hlaha ho phoofolo ea lapeng a le lilemo li tharo kapa ho feta;
- mafu a mahlo ka sebopeho sa ho fetola mahlo a mahlo ka hare kapa ka ntle. Boemong ba pele, cornea e lematsoa ke li-eyelashes, e leng se bakang nts'etsopele ea lits'ebetso tsa ho ruruha, 'me kalafo e ka etsoa feela. Ho kobeha ka ntle ho ka ba hoa tlhaho kapa ho fumanoa, empa hape ho hloka tšebetso ea ho buoa. Nako le nako, beng ba Newfoundland ba tobane le ho phatloha ha leihlo la boraro, le tsamaeang le ho hoholo ha lisele ka har'a leihlo la ka hare;
- panostitis kapa ho ruruha ho bohloko ha masapo a malelele a maqhubu. Lefu lena le tsejoa hamolemo e le ho hlapanya ka linako tse ling kapa bohloko bo holang. Panostitis ha e hloke kalafo mme e tloha le botsofe ka boyona.
Hangata, haholo-holo ho sa tsotelehe hore na motho o lilemo li kae, Newfoundlands e na le bothata ba ho ruruha kapa ho hola ho hoholo ha mpa. Boemo bona, bo tsejoang hape e le torsion, bo tsamaea le kholo e matla ea mpa ka lebaka la khase kapa mokelikeli o bokellaneng.
Ho sitoa ho fana ka tlhokomelo ea bongaka ba liphoofolo ka nako e ka lebisang lefung la phoofolo ea lapeng. Ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho ba le lefu le joalo, ho hlokahala hore u qobe ho ikoetlisa ka mokhoa o feteletseng, eseng pele ho lijo feela, empa le hang kamora ho fepa. Ho bohlokoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang hore o se fepe ntja ea hau ho feta tekano.
Reka Newfoundland
Ho molemo ho fumana lelinyane la ntja la Newfoundland le le selemo le halofo kapa le likhoeli tse peli... Ha a le lilemong tsena, phoofolo ea lapeng e shebahala joalo ka lesea le lenyane, le sa lihlong, le bohelehele 'me le bulehetse puisano ea bere. Boima ba ntja ka khoeli e ka ba lik'hilograma tse 5, ka likhoeli tse peli - 10-12 lik'hilograma, 'me ka likhoeli tse tharo e fihla ho 15-18 kg.
Seo u lokelang ho se batla
Haeba u rera ho nka karolo le phoofolo ea hau ea lapeng lipontšong kapa ho kenya letsoho ho tsoalaneng, joale pele ho tsohle o hloka ho ela hloko lintlha tsa kantle kapa se bitsoang bokantle ba ntjanyana, hammoho le batsoali ba hae.
Ho na le likotsi tse 'maloa tse ka thibelang tsela ea phoofolo ea lapeng ho kena ka lesakaneng. Mekhoa ena e mebe e kenyelletsa:
- bokoala le mabifi;
- boteng ba sejo se bobebe kapa ka tlase;
- boteng ba mehlahare e kgopameng
- seaparo se sekhuts'oane haholo ebile se boreleli.
Masea a kenngoeng tšebetsong a tlameha ho shebahala a itlhoekisitse hantle 'me a hloekile, a fepehile hantle ebile a mafolofolo... Malinyane a phetseng hantle a lokela ho ba le jase e benyang, mahlo le litsebe tse hloekileng, 'me a se ke a ba le makhopho kapa mengoapo. Mpa ha ea lokela ho huleloa haholo kapa ea ruruha haholo.
Malinyane a Purebred Newfoundland a ka ba le 'mala o motšo, o motšo le o mosoeu kapa o sootho (boronse kapa chokolete).
Gray Newfoundlands, ho latela melao ea RKF, ha ea lumelloa ho nka karolo lipontšong ebile ha e sebelisoe ho ikatiseng ha mefuta. Malinyane a joalo a fumana setempeng "phoofolo e nang le 'mala o sa tsejoeng ke FCI".
Bohlokoa! hopola hore malinyane 'ohle a Newfoundland, a fihletseng lilemo tse libeke tse robeli, a tlameha ho etsa tlhahlobo ea tloaelo ea lefu la pelo, ka hona, mohlahisi o tlameha ho fa moreki lintja ka liphetho tsa tlhahlobo e joalo.
Theko ea ntja ea Newfoundland
Litsenyehelo tse tloaelehileng tsa malinyane a Newfoundland lia fetoha ho latela lilemo tsa 'ona, ho ba teng ha' mala ka bongata, sehlopha le bong. Malinyane a theko e tlaase "Pet-class" le "Brid-class" a rekisoa ke malapeng ka theko ea li-ruble tse 15,000-20,000. Liphoofolo tse nang le tlhaiso-leseling e phahameng le tse ts'episang mosebetsi oa lipontšo li lula li khetholloa ka theko e phahameng.
Maikutlo a beng
Ho ea ka batsoalisi ba Newfoundland le bahlokomeli ba lintja, mofuta ona ke oa sehlopha sa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng le sechabeng. Phoofolo e joalo ea maoto a mane e lula e hloka puisano e bonoang, e utloahalang le e bonolo, hammoho le ho ikopanya le maikutlo eseng feela le mong'a eona, empa hape le lintja tse ling.
Newfoundlands, esita le botsofaling, e rata ho bapala le ho matha, ho boloka kelello e phetseng hantle le ho ikoetlisa ho fihlela matsatsing a ho qetela a bophelo. Mofuta ona ha ho bonolo ho ithuta litaelo tsa mantlha feela, empa le maqheka a rarahaneng haholo.
Beng ba bangata ba Newfoundland ba lumella liphoofolo tsa bona tse nang le maoto a mane hore li nke mekotla e bobebe ka meno, hammoho le bana ba siling nakong ea mariha. Ntja e joalo e thabela ho hlokomela bana eseng feela libakeng tsa litoropo, empa hape le ka tlhaho, haholoholo haufi le 'mele ea metsi.
Hoa thahasellisa! Tšobotsi e 'ngoe e khahlisang ea mofuta ona ke bohelehele ba bona ba tlhaho.
Ho tloha bonyenyaneng, Newfoundlands e na le tjantjello ea maeto, hape e thabetse batho bao u ba tloaetseng hofeta. U ke ke ua boloka Newfoundland nako e telele letsatsing kapa ka kamoreng e phetheselang haholo, e se nang moea, joalo ka ha ho le joalo kotsi ea ntja e fumanang letsatsi kapa ho chesoa ke mocheso e eketsehile haholo.
Mefuta ea Newfoundland ke ntja e makatsang, e bohlale haholo, e khutsitseng hape e tšepahalang e loketseng malapa a nang le bana le mang kapa mang ea ratang boithabiso bo mafolofolo.
Boea ba ntja e joalo bo sebelisetsoa ho loha liaparo tse futhumetseng tse thusang ho sebetsana ka katleho le maloetse a kopaneng.... Leha ho le joalo, o hloka ho hopola ka boholo bo boholo ba phoofolo ea lapeng, ka hona, bakeng sa ho lula lifoleteng tse patisaneng, ena ha se khetho e ntle ka ho fetesisa.
