E bohale, e omnivorous ebile e lebelo - joalo ka shaka e hlabang, e lema metsi a hloekileng le a letsoai lefats'eng lohle. Likokoana-hloko li etela maoatle le linoka, moo ho nang le batho ba bangata kamehla, 'me e tsejoa e le shaka e kotsi ka ho fetisisa e jang batho.
Tlhaloso ea blunt shark
E boetse e bitsoa gray bull shark ka lebaka la ho ba karolo ea lelapa le genus Gray shark.... O ile a mo reha lebitso la Bull shark ka lebaka la thiba molomo o moholohali, hape le tloaelo ea hae e mpe ea ho tsoma litsotsi tse khannoang ke balisa hore ba li noe. Batho ba buang Sepanishe ba file sebatana lebitso la bosoasoi le lelelele ka ho fetesisa - shaka e nang le hlooho e kang sejana (Tiburon cabeza de batea). Mofuta ona oa lishaka o ile oa tsebisoa sechaba ka 1839, ka lebaka la mosebetsi oa litsebi tsa baeloji tsa Majeremane Friedrich Jacob Henle le Johann Peter Müller.
Ponahalo, litekanyo
Ke hlapi e kholo ea lefufuru e nang le 'mele o kang o oelang. Ha e bapisoa le lishaka tse ling tse bohlooho, e shebahala e le ngata ebile e teteane. Tse tona li nyane ho tse tšehali - e tšehali (ka karolelano) e boima ba lik'hilograma tse 130 ka bolelele ba limithara tse ka bang 2.4, 'me e tona e hula lik'hilograma tse 95 ka bolelele ba limithara tse 2.25 Leha ho le joalo, ho na le leseli ka batho ba bang ba khahlisang, bao boima ba bona bo neng bo le haufi le lik'hilograma tse 600 bolelele ke ho fihla ho 3.5-4 m.
Sefuba (se sephara ebile se butsoitse) se kenya letsoho molemong oa ho tsamaisoa hantle, 'me mahlo a manyane a na le lera le phatsimang, joalo ka beng ka bohle ba lelapa la sawtooth shark. Meno a matla (a likhutlo li tharo a nang le bohale bo bohale) a tšoana le a nkoe shaka: a masesaane mohlahareng o tlase ho feta a kaholimo. Hoa etsahala hore shaka e lahleheloe ke leino la eona le ka pele, ebe leino le tsoa moleng o ka morao sebakeng sa eona, moo meno a macha a bolaeang a lulang a ipopa.
Hoa thahasellisa! Ho bonoe hore shaka ea poho e na le loma e matla ka ho fetisisa har'a lishaka tsa sejoale-joale. Matla a khatello ea mehlahare a amanang le boima a ile a tsotelloa, 'me shark e hlabang e bonts'a sephetho se setle ka ho fetesisa (esita le shaka e tšoeu).
Lephegwana la ka morago la mokwatla ke le le nnyane kudu go feta la ka pele, gomme legare le na le lobe ya ka godimo ya go katologana le notch mafelelong. Ho lishaka tse ling, mathoko a mapheoana a fifetse hanyane ho feta semelo sa 'mele, empa' mala oa 'mele o lula o tšoana, o se na methapo kapa lipaterone. Mmala o masene o thusa sebatana ho ipata ka metsing a sa tebang: 'mala o moputsoa mokokotlong o phalla hantle mahlakoreng ho ea mpeng e bobebe. Ho feta moo, poho ea lishaka e khona ho laola matla a 'mala ho ipapisitsoe le leseli hajoale.
Botho le mokhoa oa bophelo
Shark e hlabang e ikamahantse le bophelo metsing a hloekileng le a leoatle, e sesa habonolo e ea pele le morao, ka lebaka la lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa ho hlapolla mali. Tsena ke li-gill le 'mala oa' mala, mosebetsi o moholo oa ona ke ho tlosa matsoai a mangata a fihlang moo ha shaka e le ka leoatleng. Sebata se ka khetholla pakeng tsa lijo kapa lintho tse kotsi, se tsepamisitse maikutlo ho melumo e tsoang ho tsona kapa mmala (lintho tse bosehla bo khanyang / libopuoa tse ka tlase li baka tlhokomeliso e khethehileng).
Poho ea shaka e matla haholo ebile e ke ke ea tsejoa esale pele: boitšoaro ba eona bo sitisa mohopolo o fe kapa o fe. A ka felehetsa mofetoleli nako e telele le ka ponahalo e sa tsotelleng e le hore a mo hlasele ka motsotsoana. Ho hotle haeba tlhaselo e le teko feela 'me e sa tsoelepele ka letoto la liqhomane tse nang le lebitso, tse tlatsitsoeng ke ho longoa.
Bohlokoa! Ba sa batleng ho kopana le shark e hlabang ba lokela ho qoba metsi a seretse (haholo-holo moo noka e phallelang leoatleng). Ntle le moo, ha ua lokela ho kena ka metsing kamora pula ea litloebelele, ha e tletse lintho tse hohelang lishaka.
Ho thata ho baleha moferefere - lishaka li hlokofatsa mokuli ho fihlela qetellong... Libatana li hlasela motho e mong le e mong ea tšelang meeli ea thepa ea tsona e ka tlas'a metsi, hangata li fosa le li-propel tsa likoloi tsa ka ntle bakeng sa sera.
Shark ea poho e phela nako e kae?
Nako e lekantsoeng ea bophelo ba mofuta o hakanngoa ka mekhoa e fapaneng. Litsebi tse ling tsa ichthyologists li re bull shark e phela nako e teletsana ho feta lilemo tse 15, bo-rasaense ba bang ba bitsa lipalo tse nang le tšepo - lilemo tse 27-28.
Habitat, habitats
Grey bull shark e lula hoo e ka bang maoatleng 'ohle (ntle le Arctic) le palo e kholo ea linoka tse ncha. Litlhapi tsena tse jang nama li fumanoa metsing a tropike le a mongobo, ka linako tse ling li teba ka tlase ho limithara tse 150 (hangata li bonoa botebong ba limithara tse 30). Leoatleng la Atlantic, lishaka tse hlabang li tseba metsi ho tloha Massachusetts ho ea boroa Brazil, hape ho tloha Morocco ho ea Angola.
Leoatleng la Pacific, lishaka tsa lipoho li lula ho tloha Baja California ho ea leboea ho Bolivia le Ecuador, 'me Leoatleng la India li ka fumanoa metsing ho tloha Afrika Boroa ho ea Kenya, Vietnam, India le Australia. Ka tsela, bull shark e hlomphuoa haholo ebile e tšaba baahi ba linaha tse 'maloa, ho kenyeletsoa China le India. E 'ngoe ea mefuta e fapaneng ea shaka e hlabang e lula e iphepa ka nama ea motho, e tataisoang ke moetlo oa khale oa lehae. Maindia a lulang molomong oa Ganges a theola meloko ea bona e shoeleng ho tsoa lihlopheng tse phahameng ho e isa metsing a eona a halalelang.
Lijo tsa shaka e hlabang
Sebata ha se na tatso e ntlafalitsoeng mme ho na le ntho e ngoe le e ngoe e hlahang, ho kenyeletsoa le litšila le setopo. Ha e batla lijo tsa motšehare, poho e lishaka e sheba butle butle ka botsoa sebaka seo e iphepang ho sona, e potlakisa haholo ha e bona phofu e loketseng. O khetha ho batla lijo a le mong, ho sesa metsing a seretse a patang shaka ho batho bao a ka ba hlaselang. Haeba ntho e leka ho baleha, shark ea poho e e otla lehlakoreng mme ea loma. Li-thrust li kenella ka ho longoa ho fihlela motho ea hlasetsoeng a inehela.
Lijo tse tloaelehileng tsa shaka e hlabang ke:
- liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa leoatleng ho akarelletsa le li-dolphin;
- litlhapi tsa bacha tsa lefufuru;
- diphoofolo tse se nang lesapo la mokokotlo (tse nyane le tse kholo);
- litlhapi tsa masapo le mahlaseli;
- li-crustaceans ho kenyelletsa le makhala;
- linoha tsa leoatle le echinoderms;
- likolopata tsa leoatleng.
Bull shark ba tloaetse ho ja batho (ba ja litloholo tsa bona), hape hangata ba hula liphoofolo tse nyane tse tlileng linoka ho nosetsa.
Hoa thahasellisa! Ho fapana le lishaka tse ling, ha li tšabe ho hlasela lintho tse boholo bo lekanang. Kahoo, Australia, shaka e 'ngoe ea poho e ile ea hlasela pere ea peiso,' me e 'ngoe ea hulela sekepe sa American Staffordshire Terrier ka leoatleng.
Boikhohomoso le bohlola ba lijo tsa mofuta ona li kotsi haholo ho batho bao nako le nako ba fumanang litonanahali tsena ka meno.
Ho ikatisa le bana
Nako ea ho tlolelana ha lishaka e hlabang e se e le morao ho lehlabula le pele ho hoetla.... Moferefere le bokhopo ba mofuta ona, kapa ho fapana, banna ba tsona, li bontšoa ka botlalo lipapaling tsa lerato: ha se ha lefeela hore li-ichthyologists li khetholle lishaka tsa poho tse tona hara liphoofolo tse mpe ka ho fetesisa lefatšeng. Ha e le hantle, 'mele ea bona e hlahisa tekanyo ea linaleli ea testosterone, hormone e ikarabellang bakeng sa maikutlo le ho eketsa ho ba mabifi ha litlhapi tsena tse jang liphoofolo. Ke ho phahama ha li-hormone ho hlalosang ho phatloha hoo ha khalefo ha lishaka li qala ho hlasela ntho e ngoe le e ngoe e tsamaeang haufi.
Hoa thahasellisa! Molekane ha a itšoenye ka ho ratana nako e telele mme ha a itokisetsa ho bontša bonolo: o loma mokhethoa ka mohatla ho fihlela a robala ka mpa. Kamora hore thobalano e etsahale, e tšehali e folisa mengoapo le maqeba ao a a fuoeng nako e telele.
Ka tlhaho, liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo li kena libakeng tse koahetsoeng ke linōka tse nang le likhohola, li lelera metsing a sa tebang (bull shark e khetholloa ka tsoalo e phelang, joalo ka lishaka tse ling tse bohlooho). E tšehali e fetoha sehlare se phelang, moo mahe a emolisitsoeng a holang likhoeli tse 12. Bokhachane bo fela ka ho tsoaloa ha lishaka tse 10-13 (0.56-0.81 m bolelele), tse bonts'ang meno a bohale kapele. 'Mè ha a tsotelle bana ho hang, ke kahoo ba tlamehang ho phela bophelo bo ikemetseng ho tloha matsatsing a pele.
Bacha ha ba tlohe lebopong la leoatle ka lilemo tse 'maloa: mona ho bonolo ho bona ho fumana lijo le ho ipata ho ba ba lelekisang. Lilemo tsa ho nona hangata li qala ka lilemo tse 3-4, ha tse tona li otlolla ho fihla ho 1.57-2.26 m, 'me tse tšehali tse nyane - ho fihla ho 1.8-2.3 m. Ha ba se ba fihletse kemolo, lishaka tse sa hlabang tse sese li tlohile metsing a letsoai, moo tsoaloe le ho holisoa, 'me u tsamaee ka sekepe ho leba maemong a leoatle ho kena bohlankaneng.
Lira tsa tlhaho
Shark blunt (joalo ka liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo tse ngata tsa metsing) e roetse phiramide ea lijo me ka hona ha e na lira, ntle le lishaka tse matla le maruarua a bolaeang.
Bohlokoa! Likoloi tsa bosholu ba bacha li oela liphofu tse kholo tse tšoeu, nkoe le bohlooho bo boputsoa, hape li emela boleng ba phepo ho batho ba baholo ba mefuta ea bona le liphoofolo tse anyesang.
Libakeng tsa linoka le lebopong, li-shark tse nyane le tse kholo li tsongoa ke lihahabi tse kholo:
- likoena tse tlotsitsoeng
- Likoena tsa Nile (Afrika Boroa);
- Li-alligator tsa Mississippi;
- Likoena tsa Amerika Bohareng;
- dikwena tsa mokhoabong.
Tšokelo e totobetseng ka ho fetisisa ho lishaka tse hlabang e tsoa ho batho ba ba tsomang bakeng sa nama ea bona e monate le mapheoana... Hangata polao ea shaka e laoloa feela ke maikutlo a ho itšireletsa kapa ho iphetetsa bakeng sa tšollo ea mali e makatsang.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Shark bull shark ke ea liphoofolo tsa papali, ke ka lebaka leo palo ea batho e ntseng e fokotseha butle-butle. Ntle le makhasi a nama, ho sebelisoa sebete le manyeme (bakeng sa litlhoko tsa indasteri ea meriana) le letlalo le rekereng (bakeng sa likoahelo tsa libuka kapa mabokose a phethehileng bakeng sa lioache le mabenyane).
Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Tlhokomelo ea Tlhaho o nahane hore kajeno mofuta ona o na le boemo ba "haufi le ba tlokotsing". Ka lebaka la bophelo ba bona bo botle, lishaka tse hlabang li ikamahanya hantle le tikoloho e hahiloeng mme li ka bolokoa libakeng tsa metsing tsa sechaba.
