Li-squirrels (Sciurus) ke baemeli ba mofuta oa litoeba le lelapa la squirrel. Ntle le mofuta oa Sciurus ka boeona, litho tse ling tsa lelapa le tsona li bitsoa liprotheine, ho kenyeletsoa li-squirrel tse khubelu (Tamiasciurus) le li-squirrel tsa palema (Funambulus).
Tlhaloso ea protheine
Mofuta oa Sciurus o kopanya mefuta e ka bang mashome a mararo, e fapaneng ka boholo le libaka tsa eona, hammoho le 'mala le boholo... Mefuta e tsebahalang naheng ea rona le linaheng tse ling ke Common Squirrel, kapa Veksha (Sciurus vulgaris), e nang le data e kantle e khethollang litoeba tse tsoang sehlopheng sa Mammals.
Ponahalo
Phoofolo e na le boholo bo bonyenyane, 'mele o mosesane ebile o molelele,' me e mohatla o boreleli haholo. Bolelele ba 'mele oa squirrel e moholo e ka ba 20-30 cm,' me bolelele ba mohatla bo ka tlase ho karolo ea boraro. Phoofolo eohle e holileng ka ho kopanela liphate ha e fete 250-300 g Hlooho e nyane, e sebopeho se chitja, e nang le litsebe tse emeng le tse telele, tse khabisitsoeng ka likhama. Mahlo a maholo, a matsho. Nko e chitja.
Hoa thahasellisa! Li-subspecies tse tsebahalang haholo tsa Veksha, tse fapaneng ka litšobotsi tsa kantle, ke Central Russia le Europe Leboea, Western Siberia le Bashkir, Altai le Yakut, Transbaikalian le Yenisei, Sakhalin squirrels, hammoho le Teleutka.
Maoto a litoeba a tiile haholo, a na le manala a bohale le a kobehileng, 'me maoto a ka pele a makhuts'oane ho feta a likhama tse tšehali. Mpa, thiba molomo le bokapele bo koahetsoe ke li-vibrissae, tse emeloang ke moriri o thata o sebetsang joalo ka kutlo. Lehlabula, boea ba squirrel bo thata ebile bo bokhutšoanyane, 'me ha mariha a qala ho fetoha ka mokhoa o hlakileng - o ba motenya o bile o molelele, o bonolo.
'Mala oa seaparo
"Seaparo" sa squirrel se khetholloa ka 'mala o fapaneng, o itšetlehileng ka kotloloho le tikoloho ea litoeba le nako ea selemo, hammoho le sebopeho sa mofuta oa phoofolo e anyesang. Ka mohlala, squirrel e tloaelehileng lehlabuleng e na le boea bo bofubelu kapa bo sootho, 'me mariha seaparo se fumana lithane tse bohlooho, tse ntšo le tse sootho. Leha ho le joalo, mpa ea Veksha e 'mala o bobebe selemo ho pota.
Botho le mokhoa oa bophelo
Li-squirrel ke baemeli ba tloaelehileng ba moru, ka hona tlhaho e file litoeba tsena "tsebo" e nepahetseng eo ba e hlokang ho phela maemong a thata joalo. Karolo e kholo ea bophelo e sebelisoa ke li-squirrel tsa morung lifateng.
Liphoofolo tse nyane li bobebe, ka hona li ka tloha habonolo ho tloha semeleng se seng ho ea ho se seng kapele. Ho qhomela ha phoofolo nako e telele ho re hopotsa ho fofa ha eona. Ka lebaka la maoto a kamorao a tsoetseng pele, litoeba li fanoa ka sutu e matla, 'me mohatla o boreleli le o moholo o sebeletsa phoofolo e le mofuta oa lebili la koloi le parachute ka nako e le' ngoe.
Hoa thahasellisa! Maemo a sa thabiseng bophelo ba mekholutsoane a qobella phoofolo ho tloha libakeng tse ahileng ho eona ho ea batla sebaka se secha sa bolulo, mme mabaka a mantlha a ho falla joalo hangata a emeloa ke khaello ea lijo, komello kapa mollo oa meru.
Holim'a lefatše, liphoofolo tse nyane le tse fofang ha li ikutloe li khobile matšoafo, ka hona li leka ho tsamaea ka hloko, li etsa litšobotsi tse khutšoane tse khethollang. Ha mokotatsie o utloa kotsi, o hloella sefateng hoo e ka bang ka lebelo la lehalima, moo o utloang o batla o sireletsehile ka ho felletseng.
Ho phela li-squir tse kae
Tlas'a maemo a tlholeho, bophelo ba mekholutsoane hangata ha bo fete lilemo tse hlano, empa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng li phela nako e telele haholo. Ka tlhokomelo e nepahetseng le tlhokomelo e ntle lapeng, nako e tloaelehileng ea bophelo ba poto e nyane joalo e kanna ea ba lilemo tse leshome le metso e mehlano.
Mefuta ea liprotheine
Mofuta oa squirrel o emeloa ke mefuta e mengata:
- Squirrel Abert (Sciurus aberti). Bolelele ba 'mele ke 46-58 cm,' me mohatla o ka hare ho cm 19-25. E na le likhama litsebeng, boea bo bohlooho bo nang le mola o mofubelu bo sootho ka mokokotlong;
- Sekhofu sa Guiana (Boholo ba mahlale a Sciurus). Bolelele ba 'mele ha bo feta lisenthimithara tse 20,' me mohatla o ka ba lisenthimithara tse 18,3. Boea bo bosootho bo lefifi;
- Motsoako oa Allen (Sciurus alleni). Bolelele ba 'mele bo ka har'a lisenthimithara tse 26,7,' me mohatla o bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 16.9. Boea ka morao le mahlakore bo sootho bo bosehla ka 'mala, bo nang le methalo e metle bohlooho le botsho;
- Caucasian, kapa squirrel sa Persia (Sciurus anomalus). Bolelele ba 'mele - bo sa feteng kotara ea mithara ka bolelele ba mohatla - 13 cm.' Mala o khanyang ebile o tšoana hantle, o boputsoa bo sootho karolong e kaholimo le bosootho ba chestnut mahlakoreng;
- Khauta ea mpeng ea khauta (Sciurus aureogaster). Bolelele ba 'mele - 25.8 cm, mohatla - e seng ho feta 25.5 cm;
- Karolinska (putsoa) mokotatsie (Sciurus carolinensis). Bolelele ba 'mele - ka hare ho 38.0-52.5 cm, le mohatla - e seng ho feta kotara ea mitha. Mmala oa boea o moputsoa kapa o motsho;
- Squirrel Depp (Sciurus deppei). Mofuta ona o emeloa ke subspecies S.d. Deppei, S.d. Matagalpae, S.d. miravallensis, S.d. likokoana-hloko le S.d. vivax;
- Mollo, kapa mokotatsie o tukang (Sciurus flammifer). Bolelele ba 'mele ke lisenthimithara tse 27,4,' me mohatla ke lisenthimithara tse 31. Boea hloohong le litsebeng bo bofubelu, 'mele o kaholimo o mosehla o mosehla ebile o motšo,' me mpa e tšoeu;
- Serobele sa 'metso o mosehla (Sciurus gilvigularis). Bolelele ba 'mele ha bo feta cm cm 16,6, mohatla o bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 17,3.
- Mohatla o mofubelu, kapa novogranadskaya squirrel (Sciurus granatensis). Bolelele ba 'mele bo ka har'a cm cm 33-52,' me mohatla ha o fete lisenthimithara tse 14 ho isa ho 28 ho isa ho 28. Boea bo karolong e ka morao bo bofubelu bo lefifi, empa bo ka ba boputsoa, bosehla bo sootho kapa bosootho bo lefifi;
- Se-squirrel se boputsoa bo ka bophirimela (Sciurus griseus). Bolelele ba 'mele ke lisenthimithara tse 50-60,' me mohatla o ka ba lisenthimithara tse 24 ho isa ho 30. Boea bo ka morao ke ba 'mala o bosootho bo boputsoa bo boputsoa,' me mpa e na le 'mala o mosoeu o hloekileng;
- Mokotatsie oa Bolivia (Sciurus ho chesa). Bolelele ba 'mele e ka ba lisenthimithara tse 17-18,' me mohatla ha o fete lisenthimithara tse 17. Boea bo ka morao bo sootho bo fapaneng, mohatla o na le 'mala o mofubelu,' me mpa e na le 'mala o mofubelu bo bosehla bo sootho;
- Squirrel ea Nayarite (Sciurus nayaritensis). Bolelele ba 'mele ke 28-30 cm,' me mohatla o ka ba cm cm 27-28. Boea bo bonolo, mokokotlong bo na le 'mala o bofubelu bo sootho;
- Lefifi, kapa mokotatsie (Sciurus niger). Bolelele ba 'mele e ka ba lisenthimithara tse 45-70,' me mohatla o ka hare ho lisenthimithara tse 20 ho isa ho 33. Boea bo bobebe bo bosootho bo bosehla kapa bosootho bo lefifi, 'me mpa e bobebe;
- Motley squirrel (Sciurus variegatoides). Bolelele ba 'mele ha bo feta cm cm 22-34,' me mohatla o ka hare ho cm 23-33. Boea bo ka ba le mebala e fapaneng;
- Se-squirrel sa Yucatan (Sciurus yucatanensis). Bolelele ba 'mele bo ka har'a cm cm 20-33,' me mohatla o boemong ba lisenthimithara tse 17 ho isa ho tse 19. Mpa e lehlabathe kapa e putsoa.
Hape ithutile hantle Se-squirrel sa Arizona (Sciurus arizonensis), mokotatsie collier (Sciurus colliaei) le Se-squirrel sa Majapane (Sciurus lis).
Habitat, habitats
Squirrel ea Abert e fumaneha libakeng tse morung oa morung oa Amerika Boroa-bophirimela United States hape e atile libakeng tse 'maloa Mexico. Li-squirrel tsa Guiana li atile sebakeng sa Amerika Boroa, se ahileng leboea-bochabela ho Argentina, se lula Brazil, Guyana, Suriname le Venezuela, moo li fumanehang merung le lirapeng tsa boikhathollo tsa toropo.
Squirrel oa Persia ke oa mefuta e tsebahalang ea Isthmus ea Caucasus le Middle East, ke moahi oa Transcaucasia, Asia Minor le Asia Minor, Iran, lihlekehleke tsa Gokceada le Lesbos tse Leoatleng la Aegean. Li-squirrel tsa Arizona li fumaneha lihlabeng tse bohareng ba Arizona, hape le Sonora ea Mexico le bophirimela ho New Mexico. Li-squirrel tsa mpeng tsa khauta li ratoa ke boroa le bochabela ho Mexico hape li fumaneha ho la Guatemala. Mofuta ona o ile oa tlisoa ho Florida Keys ka maiketsetso. Litoeba li fumanoa mabalane ho fihlela ho 3800 m le libakeng tsa litoropo.
Hoa thahasellisa! Ma-squirrels a Caroline ke baahi ba tloaelehileng Amerika Bochabela ba Amerika, ba lulang libakeng tse ka bophirima ho bethe ea noka ea Mississippi ho ea fihla moeling o ka leboea oa Canada.
Squirrel e ka bophirimela e bohlooho e tsamaisoa hantle lebopong le ka bophirima la Amerika, ho kenyeletsoa le linaha tsa Washington, California le Oregon. Palo e nyane ea batho e fumanoa libakeng tse meru tsa Nevada. Squirrel sa Yucatan ke moemeli ea tloaelehileng oa liphoofolo tsa Hloahloa ea Yucatan, 'me baahi ba bang ba lula merung e ommeng le e chesang e mongobo ea Mexico, Guatemala le Belize.
Collier squirrel e atile Mexico, e atile, empa e na le palo e tlase ea baahi. Mofuta ona o fumaneha hangata merung e teteaneng e chesang e mongobo le libakeng tse chesang tse mongobo, hammoho le mabopong a Pacific. Belka Deppa e atile Costa Rica, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras le Guatemala, Nicaragua le Mexico, mme squirrel ea fox e atile Amerika Leboea.
Ma-squirrel a 'mala o mosehla a atile Amerika Boroa. Litoeba tsena li lula ka leboea ho Brazil, Guyana le Venezuela. Baemeli ba mefuta ea liprotheine tsa Bolivia ba fumanoa libakeng tsa tropike feela Brazil le Bolivia, Colombia le Argentina, hammoho le Peru. Qoqhoane ea Japane e ka fumanoa Lihlekehlekeng tsa Japane, ha li-squirrel tsa Nayarite li fumaneha boroa-bochabela ho Arizona, le Mexico.
Lijo tsa protheine
Mefuta eohle ea protheine e fepa feela lijo tsa limela tse nang le mafura, liprotheine le lik'habohaedreite. Nako e thata ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa litoeba tse fluffy e tla mathoasong a selemo, ha lipeo tse patiloeng nakong ea hoetla li qala ho mela ka matla 'me li ke ke tsa hlola li sebelisoa ke phoofolo joalo ka lijo. Likhoeling tsa selemo, li-squirrel li qala ho fepa lipalesa tsa lifate tse fapaneng.
Re lokela ho hlokomela hore liprotheine ha se liphoofolo tse jang limela ka ho felletseng ebile li omnivorous. Ntle le lipeo, linate, li-mushroom le litholoana, hammoho le mefuta eohle ea botala bo botala, liphoofolo tse anyesang joalo li khona ho fepa likokoanyana, mahe esita le linonyana tse nyane, hammoho le lihohoana. Hangata ka ho fetisisa, lijo tse joalo ke tšobotsi ea masihla a lulang linaheng tse chesang tse mongobo.
Liphoofolo tse ruuoang malapeng lia ja
- li-mushroom tse ncha le tse omisitsoeng;
- peo ea khoune;
- linate;
- li-acorn;
- litholoana tse butsoitseng;
- monokotsoai o butsoitseng;
- letlobo, buds, makhapetla a sefate;
- metsoako e khethehileng bakeng sa litoeba tsa lapeng.
Li-squirrel li nkoa e le liphoofolo tse bohlale haholo, ka hona, haufi le libaka tsa bolulo, li khona ho sebelisa lijo ho tsoa ho li-feeders tsa linonyana bakeng sa lijo, 'me ka linako tse ling li lula likamoreng tsa marulelo. Hangata, litoeba tse nyane joalo ka linako tse ling li khetholloa e le tse senyang lijalo.
Leha ho le joalo, linate li nkoa e le pheko e ratoang ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa mosha. Phoofolo ena ka bohlale e itahlela ka metsing a eona a mabeli a ka tlaase sebakeng seo linate li khomaretsoeng ho sona lekaleng. Ho hula likarolo tse peli tsa mohlahare o ka tlase, o hokahantsoeng ke mesifa e rekereng, ho baka phapang e nyane ea li-incisors ka mahlakore a fapaneng, ka lebaka la hore nate e petsoha ka halofo.
Ho ikatisa le bana
Ha e le naheng, maemong a tlhaho, mekhotlo e tsoala bana ba babeli nakong ea selemo, 'me matlakala ka' ngoe a tsoala malinyane a mabeli ho isa ho a leshome. Nako ea bokhachane ho basali ba li-squirrel tse fapaneng e fapana haholo. Mohlala, ho squirrel e tloaelehileng, bana ba tsoaloa matsatsing a ka bang 22 ho isa ho a 39, mme ka mokotatsie o mothokoa, li-squirrel li hlaha ka nako e ka etsang khoeli le halofo.
Li-squirrel ke bo-mme ba amang maikutlo haholo, ba bonolo ebile ba tsotella haholo. Tse tona ha li ele hloko bo-squirrel ba tsoetsoeng, ba botlamuoeng le maemong a tlhaho. Bana ba hlahileng ba foufetse ebile ba hlobotse hang-hang ba lika-liketsoa ke mofuthu oa bo-mme mme ba fepa lebese la hae. Nako le nako, ha e tsoa sehlaheng sa eona, e tšehali e tlameha ho koahela ka hloko li-squirrel tsohle tsa eona ka bethe e futhumetseng e futhumetseng.
Lira tsa tlhaho
Lira tsa tlhaho tsa li-squirrels maemong a tlhaho li emetse khoto e nyane fatše, hape li ka ipata makhasi kapa li sheba phofu ea tsona ha li fofa, li tsoa leholimong. Hangata liphoofolo li tsongoa ke liphiri le liphokojoe. Leha ho le joalo, hangata liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo li khona ho tšoara liphoofolo tse kulang le tse fokolang, hammoho le tse tšehali kapa tse anyesang.
Hoa thahasellisa! Mefuta e meng ea li-squirrel hangata e tsongoa ka sepheo sa ho sebelisa nama ea litoeba bakeng sa lijo kapa ho thibela tšenyo ea lijalo poone le lijalo tse ling.
Qoqhoane ea Persia e tsongoa ke meru le majoe, 'me mekholutsoane e sa tsoa tsoaloa ka bongata e senngoa ke weasel. Lira tse sehlōhō tsa bo-squirrel ke hoo e batlang e le liphooko le goshawk, hape e le sable ea batho ba baholo esita le likatse tse hlaha kapa tse ruuoang lapeng. Leha ho le joalo, joalo ka ha liphuputso tsa nako e telele li bontša, libatana tse joalo ha li khone ho ba le tšusumetso e kholo maemong a akaretsang a litoeba ka tlhaho.
Palo ea mekhotlo ea Arizona le eona e nyane. Mofuta ona oa litoeba o arolelana sebaka se le seng le mong ka eena ea haufi, e leng squirrel sa Abert, se bakang tlholisano e matla mabapi le ho fumana lijo. Liphoofolo tse qothisanang lehlokoa le liphoofolo tse fofang, tse thatafatsang haholo ho batla ha tsona lijo, li kenyelletsa chipmunks le litoeba, libere le li-ungulates, hares le linonyana. Nakong ea tlholisano e matla ea lisebelisoa tsa lijo, palo e kholo ea bo-squir ba baholo, hammoho le liphoofolo tse nyane, lia shoa.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Liphoofolo tse phophomang li khahla litsomi tse ngata tse nkang litoeba joalo ka mohloli oa boea ba boleng bo holimo. Allen squirrel ha joale e se e le tlasa ts'okelo ea ho timela ka ho felletseng, ka lebaka la ho rengoa ha meru le ho tsoma, ka hona mofuta ona o ajoa feela Cumbers de Monterey National Park. Palo ea squirrel ea Persia e tlase haholo mme e na le liphetoho tse kholo tsa tlhaho, tse itšetlehileng ka kotloloho ho biotope. Qhoku e ntšo ea Delmarvia le eona e kotsing ea ho fela ka ho felletseng, mme mokotatsie o tloaelehileng o se o ntse o kenyelelitsoe Bukeng e Khubelu.
