Phepheng ea borena Ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e tsebahalang haholo hape ke e' ngoe ea tse kholohali lefatšeng. Ke e 'ngoe ea libopuoa tsa khale ka ho fetisisa tse ntseng li phela. Li-scorpions li bile polaneteng ea Lefatše ka lilemo tse ka bang limilione tse 300, 'me ha lia fetoha haholo ho feta lilemo. U ka li shebella tikolohong ea tsona ea tlhaho bosiu feela. Ho na le mefuta e fetang sekete ea liphepheng, tseo kaofela li leng chefo ka mekhahlelo e fapaneng, empa ke tse ka bang mashome a mabeli feela tsa tsona tse longoang.
Tšimoloho ea mofuta le tlhaloso
Setšoantšo: Imperial Scorpion
Phepheng ea borena (Pandinus imperator) ke phepheng e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng. Bolelele ba eona ka karolelano e ka ba lisenthimithara tse 20-21, 'me boima ba eona ke ligrama tse 30. Bakhachane ba baholo haholo ebile ba boima ho feta beng ka bona. Leha ho le joalo, mefuta e meng ea liphepheng tsa meru e batla e lekana ka boholo, 'me scorpion Heterometrus swammerdami ke rekoto ea lefats'e har'a tse ling tse bolelele ba eona (23 cm). Liphoofolo li hola ka potlako. Nako ea bona ea bophelo e feta lilemo tse 8. Li fihlela kholo e felletseng ka lilemo tse 5-6 (boholo ba batho ba baholo).
Tlaleho ea nalane! Mofuta ona o ile oa hlalosoa ka lekhetlo la pele ke K.L. Koch ka 1842. Hamorao ka 1876, Tamerlane Torell o ile a e hlalosa mme ae amohela e le lelapa la hae leo a le fumaneng.
Joale genus e ile ea aroloa ka likaroloana tse hlano, empa karohano ea subgenera e se e le potso. Mabitso a mang a tloaelehileng bakeng sa phoofolo ke Black Emperor Scorpio le African Emperor Scorpio.
Video: Emperor Scorpion
Moholo-holo ea tloaelehileng oa li-arachnid tsohle mohlomong o ne a tšoana le li-eurypterid tse seng li le sieo kapa liphepheng tsa leoatle, libata tse tšosang tsa metsing tse phetseng lilemo tse ka bang 350-550 lilemong tse fetileng. Ka mohlala oa bona, ho bonolo ho fumana mokhoa oa ho iphetola ha lintho ho tloha metsing ho ea tseleng ea bophelo ea lefatše. Li-Eurypterids tse neng li lula ka har'a karolo ea metsi ebile li na le gill li ne li tšoana haholo le liphepheng tsa kajeno. Mefuta ea lefatše, e ts'oanang le liphepheng tsa sejoale-joale, e ne e le teng nakong ea Carboniferous.
Li-scorpions li nkile sebaka se ikhethang nalaneng ea moloko oa batho. Ke karolo ea litšōmo tsa batho ba bangata. Baemeli ba leloko ba boletsoe ho "Buka ea Bafu" naheng ea Egepeta, Koran, Bibele. Phoofolo e ne e nkuoa e halalela ke molimotsana Selket, e mong oa barali ba Ra, mosireletsi oa lefats'e la bafu.
Ponahalo le likarolo
Setšoantšo: Setšoantšo sa Tropike: Emperor Scorpion
Phepheng ea borena e boputsoa bo tebileng kapa e ntšo e khanyang e kentsoeng ka masela a sootho le a 'mala libakeng tse ling. Likarolo tse lehlakoreng tsa 'mele li na le mola o mosoeu o tlohang hloohong ho ea mohatleng. Ntlha ea eona e tsejoa e le telson 'me e na le' mala o mofubelu o matla o fapaneng le sebopeho sohle sa phoofolo.
Kamora ho qhibilihisa, liphepheng tsena li fumana mmala oa khauta ho tloha mohatleng ho ea hloohong, o fifalang hanyane ka hanyane, ho fihlela mmala o motšo o motšo, 'mala o tloaelehileng oa batho ba baholo.
'Nete e monate! Li-scorpions tsa Emperor li khanya ka khanya ea mahlaseli a kotsi. Li bonahala li le botala bo boputsoa, li lumella batho le liphoofolo tse ling ho li lemoha le ho itšireletsa.
Ho thata ho arola liphepheng tsa batho ba baholo kaha tse tona le tse tšehali li ts'oana. Li-exoskeleton tsa tsona li na le sclerotic haholo. Karolo e ka pele ea 'mele, kapa prosoma, e na le likarolo tse' ne, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le maoto a mabeli. Ka mor'a maoto a mabeli a mane ho na le meaho e mekotla e tsejoang ka hore ke li-pectin, tse atisang ho ba telele ho banna ho feta tsa basali. Mohatla, o tsejoang e le metasoma, o molelele 'me o kobehela morao' meleng oohle. E qetella ka sejana se seholo se nang le litšoelesa tsa mahloko le hlaba e motsu.
Emperor scorpion e ka tsamaea kapele haholo ho feta libaka tse khutšoane. Ha a tsamaea libaka tse telele, o phomola hangata. Joalo ka liphepheng tse ngata, e na le matla a fokolang haholo nakong ea tšebetso. O tloaetse ho phela bophelo ba bosiu 'me ha a tlohe moo a ipatileng teng motšehare.
Moemphera phepheng o lula kae?
Setšoantšo: Black Emperor Scorpion
Emperor scorpion ke mofuta oa Afrika o fumanoang merung ea tropike, empa e boetse e le teng savanna, haufi le lihloa tsa bohloa.
Sebaka sa eona se tlalehiloe linaheng tse 'maloa tsa Afrika, ho kenyeletsoa:
- Benin (palo e nyane ea baahi karolong e ka bophirima ea naha);
- Burkana Faso (e atile haholo, e batla e le hohle);
- Cote D'Ivoire (e atile haholo, haholo-holo libakeng tseo ho leng thata ho fihla ho tsona);
- Gambia (ho hole le ho ba maemong a pele hara baemeli ba liphepheng tsa naha ena);
- Ghana (batho ba bangata ba fumaneha karolong e ka bophirima ea naha);
- Guinea (e atile hohle);
- Guinea-Bissau (e fumanoa ka bongata bo fokolang);
- Togo (e hlomphuoa ke batho ba moo e le molimo);
- Liberia (e fumanoeng likhutlong tse mongobo tsa likarolo tsa bophirima le bohareng);
- Mali (baahi ba phepheng ea borena ba abeloa boholo ba naha);
- Nigeria (mofuta o tloaelehileng har'a liphoofolo tsa lehae);
- Senegal (palo e fokolang ea batho ba teng);
- Sierra Lyone (likolone tse kholo li bonoa merung e ka bochabela ea pula);
- Cameroon (e tloaelehileng haholo liphoofolong).
Emperor scorpion e lula ka har'a likotopo tse tebileng tse ka tlas'a lefatše, tlasa mafika, maloanlahla a lifate le maloanlahla a mang a morung, hammoho le litutulu tsa bohloa. Li-pectin ke lisele tse thusang ho tseba hore na li hokae. Mofuta ona o khetha mongobo o lekanyelitsoeng oa 70-80%. Bakeng sa bona, mocheso o motlehali oa motšehare ke 26-28 ° C, bosiu ho tloha 20 ho isa 25 ° C.
Moemphera phepheng o ja eng?
Setšoantšo: Imperial Scorpion
Ha e le naheng, li-scorpor li ja likokoanyana tse kang li-crickets le tse ling tse se nang lesapo la mokokotlo, empa bohloa ke bona bo jang boholo ba tsona. Likokoana-hloko tse kholo tse kang litoeba le mekholutsoane ha li jeoe hangata.
Liphepheng tsa Emperor li ipata pela litutulu tsa bohloa ho fihla botebo ba cm 180 ho tsoma phofu. Manala a tsona a maholo a sebelisoa ho arola phofu, 'me mohatla oa bona oa mohatla o kenya chefo ho thusa lijo tse bobebe. Bacha ba itšetleha ka motsu oa bona o chefo ho holofatsa phofu, ha liphepheng tse kholo li sebelisa manala a tsona a maholo ho feta.
Ho labalabela ho tseba! Moriri o bonojoana o koahelang lithupa le mohatla o lumella moemphera oa phepheng hore a lemohe phofu ka ho thothomela moeeng le fatše.
E khetha ho tsamaea bosiu, emperor scorpion e ka ba mafolofolo motšehare haeba lebone le le tlase. 'Mampoli oa ho itima lijo oa phepheng oa Imperial scorpion. A ka phela ntle le lijo ho fihlela selemo. Tšoele e le 'ngoe e tla mo fepa khoeli kaofela.
Leha e le phepheng e kholo e nang le chebahalo e tšabehang, chefo ea eona ha e bolaee batho. Chefo ea moemphera oa Afrika ea phepheng e bonolo ebile e na le chefo e itekanetseng. E na le chefo e kang imptoxin le pandinotoxin.
Ho loma ha li-scorpion ho ka aroloa ka leseli empa le bohloko (joalo ka ho longoa ke linotsi). Batho ba bangata ha ba na bothata ba ho longoa ke emperor scorpion, leha tse ling li ka ba alejiki. Chefo tse fapaneng tsa kanale tsa ione li arotsoe ho chefo ea phepheng ea borena, ho kenyeletsoa Pi1, Pi2, Pi3, Pi4 le Pi7.
Likarolo tsa semelo le mokhoa oa bophelo
Setšoantšo: Moemphera oa liphoofolo Scorpion
Mofuta ona ke e 'ngoe ea liphepheng tse seng kae tse khonang ho buisana ka lihlopha. Boipelaetso bo tsejoa liphoofolong: basali le bana hangata ba lula hammoho. Moemphera scorpion ha a mabifi ebile ha a hlasele beng ka eena. Leha ho le joalo, khaello ea lijo ka linako tse ling e lebisa ho batho ba jang batho.
Mahlo a liphepheng tsa borena a fokola haholo, 'me kutlo tse ling li ntlafalitsoe hantle. Emperor scorpion e tsejoa ka boitšoaro ba eona bo bonolo le ho loma hoo e seng kotsi. Batho ba baholo ha ba sebelise motsu oa bona ho itšireletsa. Leha ho le joalo, ho longoa ke ho hlaba ho ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ts'ireletso nakong ea bocha. Palo ea chefo e kenngoeng e entsoe.
Taba e khahlisang! Limolek'hule tse ling tse etsang chefo li ntse li phenyekolloa hajoale hobane boramahlale ba lumela hore li kanna tsa ba le thepa khahlanong le malaria le libaktheria tse ling tse kotsi bophelong ba motho.
Ke phoofolo e matla e ka mamellang mocheso o feteletseng ho fihla ho 50 ° C. Ho tšaba letsatsi le ho pata letsatsi lohle ho ja feela mantsiboea. E boetse e bonts'a tlhoko e tlase ea ho hloa, e leng seoelo ho liphepheng tse ling. E phahama ka metso le lithupa ho limela ho fihlela bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 30. Lehaha le cheka ho fihlela botebo ba 90 cm.
Ho labalabela ho tseba! Ho bata ha ho kotsi haholo ho liphepheng. Butle-butle li qhibiliha tlas'a mahlaseli a letsatsi ebe lia phela. Hape, liphoofolo tsena tsa khale li ka lula ka tlasa metsi matsatsi a ka bang mabeli li sa phefumolohe.
Moralo oa sechaba le tlhahiso
Setšoantšo: Emperor Scorpion oa Tropike
Liphepheng tsa borena li fihlela kholo ea thobalano li le lilemo li 'ne. Ba nka karolo motantong o rarahaneng moo e tona e tsamayang e leka ho fumana sebaka se loketseng sa ho boloka peo ea botona. Kamora ho fana ka peo ea botona, monna o tsamaisa mosali ka holim'a sebaka seo a tla amohela peo ea botona ho sona. Liphoofolo li viviparous. Ha e tšehali e ima, 'mele oa basali oa atoloha, o pepesa lera le lesoeu le hokahanyang likarolo.
Nako ea bokhachane e nka likhoeli tse ka bang 12 ho isa ho tse 15, ka lebaka leo, likho tse tšoeu tse ka bang mashome a mahlano (hangata 15-25) lia tsoaloa, tseo pele ho moo li qhotsoang mahe ka popelong. Masea butle-butle a tsoa ka popelong, mohato oa tsoalo o ka nka matsatsi a mane. Li- scorpor li tsoaloa li se na tšireletso 'me li itšetleha haholo ka bo-'m'a tsona bakeng sa lijo le tšireletso.
Taba e khahlisang! Tse tšehali li jara masea 'meleng ea tsona ho fihlela matsatsi a 20. Bana ba bangata ba itšoarella ka mokokotlong, mpeng le maotong a basali, 'me ba theohela fatše kamora' molt oa pele. Ha ba ntse ba le 'meleng oa mme, ba fepa epithelium ea hae e sehang.
Bo-mme ka nako e 'ngoe ba ntse ba tsoela pele ho fepa bana ba bona, leha ba se ba holile ka ho lekana ho phela ba ikemetse. Liphepheng tse nyane li tsoaloa li soeufetse 'me li na le protheine le limatlafatsi' meleng ea tsona ea squat libeke tse ling tse 4 ho isa ho tse 6. Li thatafala matsatsi a 14 kamora matamo a tsona a fifetse.
Pele, liphepheng tse seng li holile li ja lijo tsa liphoofolo tseo 'm'a tsona a li tsomileng. Ha ba ntse ba hola, ba arohane le bo-mme ba bona mme ba ipatlela libaka tsa bona tsa phepo. Ka linako tse ling ba theha lihlopha tse nyane moo ba lulang ka khotso hammoho.
Lira tsa tlhaho tsa liphepheng tsa borena
Setšoantšo: Black Emperor Scorpion
Liphepheng tsa borena li na le lira tse ngata tse lekaneng. Linonyana, bo-'mankhane, liphoofolo tse anyesang tse nyane, likho tse kholo, li-centipedes le mekholutsoane li lula li li tsoma. Ha e hlasela, phepheng e lula sebakeng sa lisenthimithara tse 50 ka 50, e itšireletsa ka mafolo-folo 'me e ipea kapele.
Lira tsa hae li kenyelletsa:
- mongoose;
- meerkat;
- tshwene;
- mantis;
- ho panya le ba bang.
O itšoara ka mokhoa o mabifi ho tloha boemong ba ts'oso, empa ha a itšepe mme o qoba likhohlano le likokoana-hloko life kapa life tse qalang ho tloha ho litoeba tse kholo. Liphepheng tsa Emperor li khona ho bona le ho tseba liphoofolo tse ling hole le mitha ha li ntse li tsamaea, kahoo hangata li fetoha ntho e hlaseloang. Ha u itšireletsa ka phepheng, ho sebelisoa maoto a matla (maoto). Leha ho le joalo, lintoeng tse boima kapa ha li hlaseloa ke litoeba, li sebelisa ho longoa ke mahloko ho koetlisa mohlaseli. Emperor Scorpion ha a na chefo ea eona.
Leha ho le joalo, sera se seholo sa phepheng ea moemphera ke batho. Pokello e sa lumelloang e fokolitse palo ea bona haholo Afrika. Lilemong tsa bo-1990, liphoofolo tse 100000 li ile tsa romeloa kantle ho naha ho tsoa Afrika, tsa baka tšabo le karabelo e hlokolosi ho tsoa ho babuelli ba liphoofolo. Hona joale ho lumeloa hore baahi ba hapuoeng ba kholo ho lekana ho fokotsa haholo ho tsoma batho ba hlaha.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Setšoantšo: Imperial Scorpion
Emperor scorpion ke mofuta o tsebahalang har'a barati ba liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng. Sena se ile sa susumetsa ho tlosoa ho fetelletseng ha baemeli ba mefuta ho liphoofolo tse hlaha. Phoofolo e hohela barati ba kantle ho naha hobane ho bonolo ho e boloka le ho ikatisa hantle botlamuoeng.
Hlokomela! Hammoho le mohatelli oa Pandinus le Pandinus gambiensis, phepheng ea moemphera ha joale e ntse e sirelelitsoe. E kenyelelitsoe lenaneng le khethehileng la CITES. Theko efe kapa efe kapa mpho e tlameha ho tsamaea le invoice kapa setifikeiti sa kopano, ho hlokahala nomoro e khethehileng ea CITES bakeng sa ho tlisa.
Hajoale, liphepheng tsa borena li ntse li ka romelloa ho tsoa linaheng tsa Afrika, empa sena se ka fetoha haeba palo ea kantle ho naha e fokotsoe haholo. Sena se ka supa phello e mpe e ka bang teng ho palo ea liphoofolo ho tloha kotulong e fetang sebakeng sa eona. Mofuta ona ke phepheng e atileng haholo botlamuoeng 'me e fumaneha habonolo khoebong ea liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng, empa CITES e behile likhakanyo tsa kantle ho naha.
P. diactator le P. gambiensis ha ba fumanehe khoebong ea liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng. Mofuta oa Pandinus africanus o fumanoa lethathamong le leng la barekisi. Lebitso lena ha lea sebetsa ebile le ka sebelisoa feela ho koahela kantle ho naha baemeli ba mofuta ona phepheng ea borena ho tsoa lenaneng la CITES.
Letsatsi la phatlalatso: 03/14/2019
Letsatsi la ho nchafatsa: 17.09.2019 ka 21:07
