Liphokojoe, kapa, joalo ka ha li boetse li bitsoa liphokojoe, ke tsa mofuta oa liphoofolo tse anyesang, lelapa la canine. Ha ho makatse, empa ho na le mefuta e ka bang 23 ea lelapa lena. Le ha ka ntle liphokojoe tsohle li tšoana haholo, leha ho le joalo li na le likarolo le liphapang tse ngata.
Litšobotsi tse akaretsang tsa liphokojoe
Phokojoe ke phoofolo e jang nama e nang le molomo o motsu, hlooho e nyane, e theohile, litsebe tse kholo tse emeng le mohatla o molelele o nang le moriri o molelele. Phokojoe ke phoofolo e ikokobelitseng haholo, e mela hantle tikolohong efe kapa efe ea tlhaho, e ikutloa e le ntle likhonthinenteng tsohle tse ahiloeng tsa lefats'e.
E lebisa haholo bosiu. Bakeng sa bolulo le ho ikatisa, o sebelisa masoba kapa mekoti e fatše, mapheo a pakeng tsa majoe. Lijo li ipapisitse le lehae, litoeba tse nyane, linonyana, mahe, tlhapi, likokoanyana tse fapaneng, monokotšoai le litholoana lia jeoa.
Arola makala a liphokojoe
Bo-rasaense ba khetholla pakeng tsa makala a mararo a fapaneng a liphokojoe:
- Urucyon, kapa liphokojoe tse putsoa;
- Vulpes, kapa liphokojoe tse tloaelehileng;
- Dusicyon, kapa liphokojoe tsa Amerika Boroa.
Mefuta ea Fox ea lekala la Vulpes
Lekala la liphokojoe tse tloaelehileng le lilemo li limilione tse 4,5, le kenyelletsa mefuta e mengata ka ho fetisisa ea mefuta - e 12, e ka fumanoa lik'honthinenteng tsohle tse ahiloeng lefatšeng. Sebopeho sa baemeli bohle ba lekala lena ke litsebe tse bohale, tse likhutlo li tharo, molomo o moqotetsane, hlooho e sephara, mohatla o molelele le o foforehileng. Ho na le letšoao le lenyenyane le lefifi borokhong ba nko, pheletso ea mohatla e fapana le moralo oa mebala ka kakaretso.
Lekala la Vulpes le kenyelletsa mefuta e latelang:
Phokojoe e tloaelehileng (Vulpes vulpes)
Mefuta e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa mehleng ea rona ho na le li-subspecies tse fetang 47 tse fapaneng. Phokojoe e tloaelehileng e atile lik'honthinenteng tsohle; e ile ea tlisoa Australia e tsoa Europe, moo e ileng ea mela le ho e tloaela.
Karolo e kaholimo ea 'mele ea phokojoe ena e' mala oa lamunu o khanyang, e mafome, ea silevera kapa ea bohlooho, karolo e ka tlase ea 'mele e tšoeu ka matšoao a manyane a lefifi mokokotlong le marameng, borashe ba mohatla bo tšoeu. 'Mele o bolelele ba 70-80 cm, mohatla ke 60-85 cm, mme boima ke 8-10 kg.
Phokojoe ea Bengal kapa Indian (Vulpes bengalensis)
Liphokojoe tsa sehlopha sena li lula boholo ba Pakistan, India, Nepal. Li-steppes, mahoatata a mahoatata le meru li khethiloe bophelo bohle. Kobo ena e khutšoane, e lehlabathe le bofubelu ka 'mala, maoto a bosootho bo bofubelu, ntlha ea mohatla e ntšo. Bolelele ba tsona li fihla ho 55-60 cm, mohatla o batla o le monyane - ke 25-30 cm feela, boima - 2-3 kg.
Phokojoe ea Afrika Boroa (Vulpes chama)
O phela kontinenteng ea Afrika Zimbabwe le Angola, masabasabeng le mahoatateng. E khetholloa ka 'mala o bofubelu bo bofubelu ba halofo e kaholimo ea' mele e nang le mola o boputsoa bo botala mokokotlong, mpa le maoto a masoeu, mohatla o qetella ka tjellane e ntšo, ha ho na mask o lefifi molaleng. Bolelele - 40-50 cm, mohatla - 30-40 cm, boima ba 'mele - 3-4.5 lik'hilograma.
Korsak
Moahi oa masabasabeng a ka boroa-bochabela ho Russia, Asia Bohareng, Mongolia, Afghanistan, Manchuria. Bolelele ba 'mele bo fihla ho cm 60, boima ke 2-4 kg, mohatla o ka fihla ho cm 35.' Mala o bofubelu-lehlabathe kaholimo le lesoeu kapa lehlabathe le bobebe ka tlase, le fapana le phokojoe e tloaelehileng ka marama a pharaletseng.
Phokojoe ea Tibet
O phela holimo lithabeng, masabasabeng a Nepal le Tibet. Tšobotsi ea eona ea tšobotsi ke molala o moholo le o motenya oa boea bo botenya le bo bokhutšoanyane, thiba molomo o sephara ebile o boholo ba lisekoere. Kobo e bohlooho bo bobebe mahlakoreng, e khubelu ka mokokotlong, mohatla o na le borashe o mosoeu. Bolelele e fihla ho 60-70 cm, boima ba 'mele - ho fihlela ho 5.5 kg, mohatla - 30-32 cm.
Phokojoe ea Afrika (Vulpes pallida)
O lula mahoatateng a leboea la Afrika. Maoto a phokojoe ena a masesaane ebile a malelele, ka lebaka leo, a ikamahanya hantle le ho tsamaea lehlabatheng. 'Mele o mosesaane, 40-45 cm, o koahetsoe ke moriri o mofubelu o mokhutšoane, hlooho e nyane ka litsebe tse kholo tse nchocho. Mohatla - ho fihlela ho 30 cm ka tjellane e ntšo, ha e na letšoao le lefifi thiba molomo.
Phokojoe ea lehlabathe (Vulpes rueppellii)
Phokojoe ena e ka fumanoa Morocco, Somalia, Egypt, Afghanistan, Cameroon, Nigeria, Chad, Congo le Sudan. O khetha mahoatata e le libaka tsa bolulo. Mmala oa boea o bobebe - bofubelu bo bosootho, lehlabathe le bobebe, matšoao a lefifi a pota-potileng mahlo ka mokhoa oa litselana. E na le maoto a malelele le litsebe tse kholo, ka lebaka leo e laolang lits'ebetso tsa phapanyetsano ea mocheso 'meleng. Bolelele ba eona bo fihla ho 45-53 cm, boima - ho fihlela ho 2 kg, mohatla - 30-35 cm.
Corsac ea Amerika (Vulpes velox)
Ke moahi oa lithota le masabasaba a karolo e ka boroa ea kontinenteng ea Amerika Leboea. 'Mala oa seaparo o ruile ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang: o na le' mala o bofubelu bo bofubelu, maoto a lefifi, mohatla ke 25-30 cm, o boreleli haholo ka ntlha e ntšo. Bolelele ba eona bo fihla ho 40-50 cm, boima ba 'mele - 2-3 lik'hilograma.
Phokojoe ea Afghan (Vulpes cana)
O lula libakeng tse lithaba tsa Afghanistan, Baluchistan, Iran, Israel. Boholo ba 'mele bo nyane - ho fihlela ho 50 cm ka bolelele, boima ba' mele - ho fihlela ho 3 kg. 'Mala oa seaparo o bofubelu bo lefifi ka matšoao a lefifi, nakong ea mariha e ba matla haholo - ka' mala o sootho. Bohato ba lifoldara ha bo na moriri, ka hona phoofolo e tsamaea hantle lithabeng le matsoapong.
Fox Fenech (Vulpes zerda)
Moahi oa mahoatata a mahaeng a Afrika Leboea. E fapana le mefuta e meng ka molomo o monyane le nko e batlang e le khuts'oane. Ke mong'a litsebe tse kholo tse behelletsoeng ka thoko. Mmala ke bosehla bo bosootho, tjellane mohatleng e lefifi, thiba molomo o bobebe. Phoofolo e jang liphoofolo haholo, e maemong a batang ka tlase ho likhato tse 20, e qala ho hatsela. Boima ba 'mele - ho fihlela ho 1.5 kg, bolelele - ho fihlela ho 40 cm, mohatla - ho fihlela ho 30 cm ,.
Phokojoe ea Arctic kapa phokojoe ea polar (Vulpes (Alopex) lagopus)
Bo-rasaense ba bang ba re mofuta ona o tsoa mofuteng oa liphokojoe. O lula libakeng tsa tundra le polar. 'Mala oa liphokojoe tsa Arctic o mefuta e' meli: "putsoa", eo ha e le hantle e nang le 'mala o bosoeu bo bosehla, bo fetohang bo sootho hlabula, le "bosweu", bo fetohang bo sootho hlabula. Bolelele, phoofolo e fihla ho cm 55, boima - ho fihlela ho 6 kg, boea bo nang le botenya bo tlase, bo teteaneng haholo.
Mefuta ea liphokojoe tsa lekala Urocyon, kapa Grey fox
Lekala la liphokojoe tse putsoa le phetse polaneteng ena ka lilemo tse fetang limilione tse 6, kantle li tšoana haholo le liphokojoe tse tloaelehileng, leha ho se kamano ea lefutso lipakeng tsa tsona.
Lekala lena le kenyelletsa mefuta e latelang:
Phokojoe e putsoa (Urocyon cinereoargenteus)
O lula Amerika Leboea le libaka tse ling tsa Boroa. Seaparo sena se na le 'mala oa silevera o moputsoa o nang le matšoao a manyane a bosootho bo bofubelu. Mohatla o fihla ho cm 45, e khubelu ebile e boreleli, lehlakoreng la eona le kaholimo ho na le karolo ea boea bo bolelele bo ntšo. Bolelele ba phokojoe bo fihla ho cm cm 70. Boima ba eona ke 3-7 kg.
Phokojoe ea sehlekehlekeng (Urocyon littoralis)
Habitat - Lihlekehleke tsa Canal haufi le California. E nkoa e le mofuta o monyane ka ho fetisisa oa phokojoe, bolelele ba 'mele ha bo fete 50 cm, le boima ba 1.2-2.6 kg. Ponahalo e ts'oana le ea phokojoe e putsoa, phapang e le 'ngoe feela ke hore ke likokoanyana feela tse sebeletsang e le lijo tsa mofuta ona.
Phokojoe e nang le litsebe tse kholo (Otocyon megalotis)
E fumanoa masabasabeng a Zambia, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Afrika Boroa. 'Mala oa seaparo o tloha mosing ho fihlela o chesa. Li-paw, litsebe le mola ka morao li ntšo. Maoto le matsoho a masesaane ebile a malelele, a ikamahanya le maemo bakeng sa ho matha ka lebelo. E ja likokoanyana le litoeba tse nyane. Tšobotsi ea eona e ikhethang ke mohlahare o fokolang, palo ea meno molomong ke 46-50.
Mefuta ea liphokojoe tsa Dusicyon (Liphokojoe tsa Amerika Boroa)
Lekala la Amerika Boroa le emetsoe ke baemeli ba lulang sebakeng sa Amerika Boroa le Latin America - lena ke lekala le lenyane ho fetisisa, lilemo tsa lona ha li fete lilemo tse limilione tse 3, mme baemeli ke beng ka bona ba haufi ba liphiri. Habitat - Amerika Boroa. 'Mala oa seaparo hangata o moputsoa ka ho tšoauoa ka' mala. Hlooho e tshesane, nko e telele, litsebe li kholo, mohatla o boreleli.
Mefuta eo e leng ea lekala la Dusicyon
Phokojoe ea Andes (Dusicyon (Pseudalopex) culpaeus)
Ke moahi oa Andes. E ka ba bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 115 mme ea ba boima ba lik'hilograma tse 11. Karolo e kaholimo ea 'mele e putsoa-bosoeu, e na le methapo e putsoa, phoka le mpa li khubelu. Ho na le tjellane e ntšo qetellong ea mohatla.
Phokojoe ea Amerika Boroa (Dusicyon (Pseudalopex) griseus)
O lula lipampaneng tsa Rio Negro, Paraguay, Chile, Argentina. E fihla ho cm 65, e boima ho fihla ho 6.5 kg. Ka ntle, e tšoana le phiri e nyane: baki e bosootho bo boputsoa, marapo a lehlabathe le bobebe, molomo o supa, mohatla o mokhutšoane, ha o boreleli haholo, mme oa theoha ha o tsamaea.
Phokojoe ea Sekuran (Dusicyon (Pseudalopex) sechurae)
Sebaka sa eona sa bolulo ke mahoatata a Peru le Ecuador. Kobo ena e bohlooho bo bobebe, 'me e na le lipheletsong tse ntšo lintlheng, mohatla o phophothile ka ntlha e ntsho. E fihla bolelele ba 60-65 cm, e boima ba 5-6.5 kg, bolelele ba mohatla - 23-25 cm.
Phokojoe ea Brazil (Dusicyon vetulus)
'Mala oa moahi enoa oa Brazil o makatsa haholo: karolo e kaholimo ea' mele e lefifi-bosoeu, mpa le sefuba li mosi-li tala, lehlakoreng le kaholimo la mohatla ho na le mola o lefifi o qetellang ka ntlha e ntsho. Jase e khuts'oane ebile e tenya. Nko e khuts'oane, hlooho e nyane.
Phokojoe ea Darwin (Dusicyon fulvipes)
E fumanoa Chile le Sehlekehlekeng sa Chiloe. Ke mofuta o kotsing ea ho fela 'me ka hona e sirelelitsoe serapeng sa Nauelbuta National Park. 'Mala oa seaparo ka morao o moputsoa, karolo e ka tlase ea' mele e lebese. Mohatla o bolelele ba cm 26, o boreleli ka borashe bo boso, maoto a makgutshwane. Bolelele ba eona e fihla ho 60 cm, boima ba 'mele - 1.5-2 lik'hilograma.
Fox Maikong (Dusicyon likete)
E lula ka har'a marulelo le meru ea Amerika Boroa, haholo joalo ka phiri e nyane. Liaparo tsa eona li bosootho bo boputsoa, ntlha ea mohatla e tšoeu. Hloho e nyane, nko e khuts'oane, litsebe li supiloe. E fihla ho 65-70 cm ka bolelele mme e boima ba 5-7 kg.
Phokojoe e nang le litsebe tse khutšoane (Dusicyon (Atelocynus)
Bakeng sa bophelo bohle o khetha meru ea tropike libakeng tsa noka tsa Amazon le Orinoco. Mmala oa baki oa phokojoe ena o mosootho bo sootho, o na le moriti o bobebe karolong e ka tlase ea mmele. Karolo e ikhethang ke litsebe tse khuts'oane tse nang le sebopeho se chitja. Maoto a makhuts'oane, a ikamahanya le maemo bakeng sa ho tsamaea lipakeng tsa limela tse telele, ka lebaka la sena, ts'ebetso ea hae e bonahala e le feline e nyane. Molomo o monyane ka meno a manyane a bohale.
