Coyote - ena ke phiri ea makhulong, sebata sena ha se nke mamello le mamello, se ikamahanya habonolo le maemo a fapaneng, hobane se na le boikokobetso haholo. Maaztec a ne a mo bitsa coyote ("ntja e tsoang ho Molimo"), litšōmong tsa bona o iketsa molimo ka mano, bolotsana, bobe le mano. Empa, na phiri e hlile e mano ebile e tiile joalo ka ha ba re? Re tla utloisisa sena ka botlalo, re nahanne ka likarolo tsa eona tsa mantlha, litloaelo le boits'oaro.
Tšimoloho ea mofuta le tlhaloso
Setšoantšo: Coyote
Coyote ke sebatana se amanang ka kotloloho le lelapa la canine. E fetoletsoe ho tsoa Selatineng, lebitso la phoofolo ena le bolela "ntja e boholang". Phiri ha e bitsoe ntja feela, empa le phiri, ke lekhulo feela, leha coyote e le nyane haholo ka boholo ho feta phiri e tloaelehileng. Bolelele ba 'mele oa eona bo fihla ho mithara e le' ngoe, ho sa baloe mohatla, o ka bang bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 30. Bophahamo ba coyote e ponang ke halofo ea mithara, 'me boima ba eona bo fapana ho tloha ho 7 ho isa ho 21 kg. Phiri e kholo ebile e kholo ho feta coyote, boima ba eona bo tloha ho 32 ho isa ho 60 kg.
Video: Coyote
Ho na le li-subspecies tse ngata tsa coyote, joale ho na le tse leshome le metso e robong tsa tsona. Mefuta e fapana hanyane ka boholo le 'mala oa seaparo sa boea. Ho latela bolulo bo sa feleng ba mofuta o mong oa li-coyotes. Kantle, phiri ha e tšoane le phiri feela, e shebahala joalo ka phokojoe le ntja e tloaelehileng. Li-Coyotes li hlahile e le mofuta o arohaneng morao koana Pliocene ea morao (lilemong tse fetang limilione tse peli tse fetileng).
Taba e khahlisang: li-coyotes li ka kopana le lintja le liphiri (tse khubelu le tse putsoa), ka hona tsa etsa poone e nyalisitsoeng. Motsoako oa li-coyote / dog o tsejoa hore o na le tšekamelo e jang liphoofolo hampe, o hlasela mehlape khafetsa ho feta kholi e tloaelehileng.
Sebaka sa ka ho sa feleng sa coyote se ntse se hola hanyane ka hanyane, ts'ebetso ena e qalile lekholong la leshome le metso e robong la lilemo, ha palo ea liphiri tse khubelu le tse putsoa e fokotsoa haholo ka lebaka la timetso ea bona ke batho. Coyote e tlil'o nka sebaka sa liphiri tse naheng ea tsona, e hasaneng hohle kontinenteng ea Amerika Leboea.
Ponahalo le likarolo
Setšoantšo: Coyote ea liphoofolo
Phiri e shebahala e le tshesane ebile e otile, sebatana se na le maoto le matsoho a malelele haholo. Mohatla oa phoofolo o boreleli ebile o molelele, o lula o lebisitsoe tlase. Sefuba sa coyote se katolositsoe hanyane mme se a supa, se etsang hore e shebahale joalo ka phokojoe.
Litsebe li kholo ka ho lekana, li likhutlo li tharo ebile li sephara ka thoko, li lula li eme li otlolohile, hore li bonahale hole. Mahlo a sebatana a manyane mme a rata ho tseba, a na le mmala o mosootho kapa o mmala o motsho, mme nko ya nko e bohale e ntsho, moo ho nang le ditedu tse sa tlwaelehang (vibrissae).
Libatana li na le mohala o motenya le o molelele oa moriri, 'mala oa tsona o fapana ho latela sebaka seo li romelloang ho tsona ka mehla, e ka ba:
- Ea bohlooho;
- Bokhubelu;
- Tšoeu;
- Sootho;
- Lefifi le letsho.
Taba e khahlisang: malinyane a lulang libakeng tse lithaba a na le 'mala o motšo oa boea,' me liphoofolo tse ratang libaka tsa lehoatata li khetholloa ka 'mala o mosootho o sootho.
Mpa ea masumu le bokahare ba molala li lula li le bobebe, 'me ntlha ea mohatla e ntšo. Litsebe tse nang le lintlha li na le ho ts'oaroa ha hlooho e khubelu ka holimo, moriti ona o ka saloa molomong o molelele oa sebatana. Hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore 'mala oa phoofolo ha o monochromatic,' me kamehla ho na le libaka tse khanyang tsa 'mala o mosoeu le o motšo seaparong.
Se ke oa makatsoa ke hore phiri e shebahala joaloka phiri le ntja e tloaelehileng ka nako e le 'ngoe, hobane ke ea lelapa la canine le mofuta oa liphiri. Joalo ka libatana tse ling tse ngata, tse tšehali tse tšehali li nyane hanyane ho tse tona.
Phiri e lula kae?
Setšoantšo: Wild Coyote
Joalokaha ho se ho boletsoe, mefuta ea li-coyotes e se e pharalletse haholo, leha pejana sebata sena se ne se sa atoloha hakana. Hona joale li-coyotes li lula hohle Amerika Leboea le Bohareng, mefuta ea tsona e tloha Alaska ho ea Costa Rica. Lilemong tse ka tlase ho lekholo tse fetileng, coyote e ne e na le bolulo bo sa feleng masimong, e lula libakeng tse tsoang Mississippi ho ea lithabeng tsa Sierra Nevada, le ho tloha profinseng ea Canada ea Alberta ho ea naheng ea Mexico. Sebata sena se ne se sa tsejoe ka boroa le bochabela ho United States.
Hona joale maemo a fetohile haholo, sena se etsahetse ka mabaka a 'maloa:
- Ka lebaka la ho rengoa ha meru ka bongata;
- Ho timetsoa ha liphiri tse khubelu le tse putsoa ke batho, bao e neng e le bahlolisani ba ka sehloohong ba masumu.
Tsena tsohle li ne li lumella malinyane a phallang hore a namele libakeng tseo phoofolo ena e neng e so ka e bonoa pejana. Hoa tsebahala hore nakong ea "likhahla tsa khauta" liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo li ile tsa latela ba batlang tšepe e bohlokoa mme ka hona ba fihla sebakeng sa Alaska le Canada, moo ba lulang ba bolokehile ho fihlela kajeno. Linaheng tse joalo tsa Amerika joalo ka Florida le Georgia, batho ka bobona ba ile ba tlisa liphoofolo tsena e le papali. Hajoale, malinyane a malinyane a lula liprofinseng tsohle tsa United States, ntle le a le mong, liphoofolo tsena tse jang liphoofolo ha li Hawaii.
Phoofolo e khetha lithota tse bulehileng, e ahileng masabasabeng, makhulong, mahoatateng le mahoatateng a mahoatateng, e ne e se ha lefeela hore e ne e bitsoa "meadow wolf". Nako le nako, li-coyotes le tsona li ka kena merung, empa eseng nako e telele; li-coyotes le tsona li lula thoteng. Liphoofolo tsena tse makatsang li ka bitsoa generalists, hobane li tloaela habonolo ebile li ikamahanya hantle le tikoloho efe kapa efe. Li-Coyotes li ka lula libakeng tse hole tse hlaha, le mathomong a litoropo tse kholo (mohlala, Los Angeles).
Taba e khahlisang: li-coyotes li na le bokhoni ba ho ikamahanya le maemo kapele, 'me libakeng tsa lithaba li ka fumanoa bophahamong ba 2 - 3 km.
Phiri e ja eng?
Setšoantšo: North Coyote
Li-coyotes li ka bitsoa li-omnivores, lenane la tsona le na le lijo tsa liphoofolo le tsa limela. Ho joalo, liperesente tsa lijo tsa liphoofolo tse tsoang lijong li kholo haholo makhetlo a mangata. Libatana tsena ha li hlomphehe lijong. Li-coyotes li ja mefuta eohle ea litoeba tse nyane, mebutlanyana, marmot, lintja tsa thota, li-squirrel tse fatše, 'me li ka hlasela skunk, possum, beaver, ferret, raccoon. Phiri ea meadow ha e tsilatsile ho ja likokoanyana tse fapaneng, e ja linonyana (pheasants).
Coyote ha e tsomeloe hangata bakeng sa mehlape, likhama tse hlaha le likhama, empa linku tse ruuoang hangata li ba liphofu tsa sebatana sena. United States, ho ntse ho bolokoa lipalo-palo, ho latela seo ho senotsoeng hore hoo e ka bang liperesente tse mashome a tšeletseng a linku tsohle tse senyehileng ke liphofu tsa coyote. Ntle le linku tse ruuoang malapeng, linku tse hlaha tse lithabeng le tsona li teng lenaneng la li-coyote. Sebatana se ke ke sa hana linoha le likolopata.
Taba e khahlisang: coyote ke sesesi se hloahloa seo, ha se le ka metsing, se ka ts'oarang baahi ba joalo ka li-newt, mefuta e fapaneng ea litlhapi le lihoho.
Haholo lihleng tsa lehlabula le tsa hoetla, lijo tsa semela le tsona lia hlaha lijong tsa coyote:
- Litholoana tse fapaneng;
- Monokotšoai;
- Litholoana;
- Makotomane;
- Peo ea soneblomo.
Li-coyotes tse lulang libakeng tse ka leboea hangata li ja tse bolaeang nakong ea mariha e thata. Khafetsa ba lelekisa mohlape oa batho ba senang bolulo, ba batla batho ba kulang le ba fokolang ho eona, hape ba ja ba oeleng. Maemo a litlhaselo tsa malinyane a batho ha a fumanehe hangata, leha a etsahetse, esita le litlhaselo tse peli li tlalehiloe moo motho a hlokahetseng. Li-coyotes ha li tšabe litoropo tse kholo mme nakong ea tlala hangata li etela libaka tsa bona tsa mobu, li batla litšila tsa batho.
Haeba tlhaselo ho motho e kanna ea ba mokhelo ho molao, joale coyote e ja liphoofolo tse ruuoang haholo joalo ka likatse le lintja tse nyane. Ka kakaretso, joalo ka ha u bona, menyu ea phiri e ruile haholo ebile e fapane, e na le lijana tse ngata bakeng sa tatso e ngoe le e ngoe. Re lokela ho hlokomela hore tlholisanong e kholo ea sebatana mabapi le lijo ke phokojoe e khubelu.
Likarolo tsa semelo le mokhoa oa bophelo
Setšoantšo: American Coyote
Ho fihlela haufinyane tjena, li-coyotes li ne li nkuoa e le bolutu, empa lipatlisiso tsa morao-rao tsa bo-ramahlale li bontšitse hore ha ho joalo ho hang. Ka tlhaho ea bona, liphoofolo tsena li na le molekane a le mong, li-coyotes li theha banyalani ba matla. Libakeng tseo ho tsona lijo li leng ngata, hangata liphoofolo li phela ka mehlape eohle, eo haholo-holo e kenyelletsang batsoali le kholo ea bona e nyane ho tloha ho bana ba ho qetela. Mehlape ea li-coyotes e theha le haeba ho na le liphoofolo tse nyane tse nyane sebakeng sa tsona, 'me ho ke ke ha khoneha ho tsoma liphoofolo tse kholo u le mong, ka hona liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo li kopana ho tšoasa papali e kholo.
Phiri e atisa ho tsoma ka phirimana. Liphoofolo li tsoma litoeba tse nyane le libopuoa tse ling tse nyane li le bang. Pele, phokojoe e sheba phofu ea eona ea ka moso, 'me ha ee bona, e e atamela ka hloko, ebe e matha ka lehadima le le leng, e hatella phofu ebe e loma' metso ka meno a eona a bohale.
Re lokela ho hlokomela hore pono, monko le kutlo ea li-coyotes li ntle haholo, tse ba thusang haholo ha ba tsoma. Libatana tsena le tsona ke limathi tse kholo, tse khonang ho matha ka lebelo la likilomitara tse 64 ka hora. Ho tsoma liphoofolo tse kholo, malinyane a lihlopha a etsa lihlopha ho potoloha le ho khanna phofu ea tsona.
Taba e khahlisang: bakeng sa ho tsoma ka kopanelo, li-coyotes li sebelisane le lipela, ka ho hlaka li aba mesebetsi ea tsona ea ho tsoma har'a tsona. Ha e se e fumane lesoba, pela e qala ho e cheka, e leleke baahi ba eona, 'me phiri e shebile ka hloko e le hore e se ke ea hloloheloa mang kapa mang. Molemo oa kopano e sa tloaelehang joalo ke hore phoofolo, ha e ntse e cheka masoba, e lula e sirelelitsoe ke phiri ea meadow, e fumana phofu eo e atlehileng ho e ts'oara ka sekoting, mme phiri e tšoara ba lekileng ho baleha.
Puisano lipakeng tsa coyotes e etsahala ka mefuta e fapaneng ea melumo, o mong le o mong o na le moelelo oa ona. Ha li tsebisa ka libaka tsa tsona, liphoofolo li lla ka nako e telele. Molumo o kang oa ntja e bohola o phatlalatsa tšoso. Ho lla hanyane ho thoe ke sesupo sa tumeliso. Ka linako tse ling likhoko li lla ha li fumana phofu e boholo bo boholo e le ho bitsetsa mohlape oohle sebakeng seo. Ho lla haholo le malinyane ho ka utluoa malinyane a manyane nakong ea lipapali tse bapaloang.
Li-coyotes li lula hangata mekoting e atisang ho cheka e le 'ngoe, leha ka linako tse ling e ka lula liphokojoe tse se nang letho le matlo a bolulo. Lehaha le joalo le bohareng ba thepa ea bona e arohaneng, moo banyalani kapa mohlape o monyane oa coyotes o lulang teng, hangata sebaka sa sebaka se joalo se ka bang li-kilometera tse 20. Hangata malinyane a fumana bolulo ba nakoana, bo hlophiloeng lihlahleng tse teteaneng, mesebetsing ea mafika le likoting tse tlase. Ba li sebelisa bakeng sa phomolo ea nakoana kapa bolulo tšabong efe kapa efe.
Moralo oa sechaba le tlhahiso
Setšoantšo: Phoofolo ea Coyote
Li-coyotes li ba kholo ea thobalano ha li le selemo, sena se sebetsa ho tsehali le tse tona. Empa liphoofolo li theha para haufi le lilemo tse peli tsa bophelo, ke karolo ea bona ea mantlha ea sechaba, leha hangata liphoofolo li lula mehlapeng e menyenyane. Nako ea ho tlolelana ha lintja tsena e sebetsa haholo ka Pherekhong le Hlakola. Nako ea bokhachane e ka ba likhoeli tse peli.
Lelinyane la li-coyotes le ka ba le malinyane a mane ho isa ho a 12, leha ho ka ba le a mang. Palo ea malinyane e ipapisitse le ho ata ha malinyane sebakeng se fanoeng. Moo ho nang le tse ngata tsa liphoofolo tsena tse jang liphoofolo, masea a fokolang a hlahela moo, 'me, ka lehlakoreng le leng, moo palo ea malinyane e leng nyane, ho na le malinyane a mangata matlakala.
Bana ba tsoaloa ba foufetse. 'Mè o li tšoara ka lebese ho fihlela khoeli le halofo. Batsoali ka bobeli ba nka karolo e mafolofolo kholisong mme ba bontša tlhokomelo e makatsang bakeng sa bana. E tona e sireletsa lehaha ho batho ba sa rateng 'me e tlisa lijo ho e tšehali,' me e fepa malinyane ka lijo tse ntlafalitsoeng. Bohareng ba beke ea bobeli, malinyane a qala ho bona hantle, 'me ha a le likhoeli tse tšeletseng a ikemela haholoanyane, mme batsoali ba bona ba qala ho a ruta ho tsoma.
Har'a tse tšehali tse seng li holile, tse tona li tloha kapele ho batsoali ba tsona, li iphumanele malapa a tsona le tšimo ea tsona, 'me tse tšehali tse holileng li khetha ho lula mohlapeng oa motsoali. Ho tsoaloa ha bana lelapeng la li-coyotes ho etsahala hang ka selemo se le seng. Re lokela ho hlokomela hore palo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea batho ba shoang har'a liphoofolo tsena tse jang liphoofolo e tlalehiloe selemong sa pele feela sa bophelo. 'Me tebello ea bophelo ea malinyane a lulang naheng e ka ba lilemo tse hlano, leha e le botlamuoeng phoofolo ena e ka phela ho fihlela 18.
Lira tsa tlhaho tsa masumu
Setšoantšo: Coyote
Oho, mme bophelo ha bo bobebe bakeng sa phiri naheng, maemong a tlhaho. Phoofolo e lula e le tlas'a khatello ea maikutlo, e loanela lijo, e ipatela liphoofolo tse jang tse ling tse kholo le tse tšosang, e batla libaka tse loketseng bolulo bo sa feleng, e nang le mefuta eohle ea likokoana-hloko le maloetse. Ho molemo hore sebatana sena ha se na boikokobetso, se thata haholo ebile se tseba ho ikamahanya hantle le maemo a tikoloho a fetohang.
Har'a lira tsa coyote ke:
- Pum;
- Libere;
- Lintja tse kholo;
- Volokov;
- Li-Hawks;
- Liphooko;
- Orlov.
Karolo e fetang halofo ea malinyane a malinyane a shoa pele a fihla selemo. Lebaka la sena ha se liphoofolo tse jang tse ling tse kholo feela, empa le mefuta eohle ea mafu, a kotsi ka ho fetisisa e leng rabies. Se ke la lebala hore li-coyotes ha li khese setopo, kahoo kotsi ea ho tšoaetsoa ke mafu mofuteng ona e kholo haholo.
Le ha ho le joalo, sera se matla ka ho fetisisa sa phiri ke motho. Har'a lihoai tsa Amerika, coyote e tsejoa e le lesholu le senyang mehlape eohle ea linku tse ruuoang, ka hona ba boholong United States ba ngolisitse ka molao ho thunngoa ha liphoofolo tsena tse jang liphoofolo. Batho ba roala likhola tse kentsoeng chefo ho linku, ba tsoma lipapali ka masumu, ba beha mefuta eohle ea maraba le maraba, ba chesa libaka tsohle tsa bolulo ba bona ba ka mehla, empa mehato ena kaofela ha e ame palo ea liphoofolo, e ntseng e eketseha butle butle selemo se seng le se seng.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Setšoantšo: Wild Coyote
Ka lehlohonolo, palo ea liphiri tsa thota ha e kotsing, liphoofolo li ikutloa li le hantle, li lula libakeng tsohle tse ncha. Haeba bakeng sa liphoofolo tse ngata tse jang liphoofolo sebaka sa tsona se ntse se fokotseha, joale bakeng sa malinyane boemo bo fapane ka ho felletseng, selemo se seng le se seng libaka tsa bolulo tsa libatana tsena tse hlollang li ntse li eketseha le ho feta.
Joalokaha ho se ho boletsoe, ho rengoa ha meru le ho senngoa ha liphiri tse khubelu le tse putsoa ho hlohlellelitse malinyane a phiri ho fallela libakeng tseo liphoofolo tsena li neng li le sieo pele. Ha ba a khona ho lula hantle feela moo, empa hape ba eketsehile kapele, ba ikutloa ba phutholohile. Li-coyotes ha li na matla, mamello le ho ikamahanya le maemo. Ke e 'ngoe ea liphoofolo tse' maloa tse khonneng ho ikamahanya hantle le ho phela libakeng tsa litoropo.
Batho ha ba rate likholumolumo ho hang, hobane hangata ba ne ba hlasela mehlape ea linku. Ka lebaka leo, liphoofolo li thunngoa ka bongata. Mohlala, ho la Colorado, batho ba bolaea liperesente tse fetang 80 tsa liphoofolo tsena, le Texas - tse ka bang 57. Li-Coyotes li ne li felisitsoe pejana ho sebelisoa chefo e bolaeang likokonyana, empa mokhoa ona o ne o thibetsoe, hobane e kotsi haholo tikolohong.
Mekhoa eohle ea batho ea ho felisa liphoofolo tsena tse hlaselang e ipakile e sa sebetse, 'me palo ea malinyane e ntse e atleha ho fihlela kajeno. Empa sebakeng sa Phakeng ea Naha ea Yellowstone, ba fumane mokhoa o atlehang oa ho fokotsa palo ea li-coyotes ka ho tsoala liphiri, ka lebaka leo ka lilemo tse peli palo ea li-coyotes e ileng ea fokotsoa ka halofo. Leha ho le joalo, palo ea liphoofolo tsena e pharalletse ebile e atile, ha ho litšokelo tse ikhethileng lipalo tsa eona.
Qetellong, ho sala ho eketsa hore boikokobetsong le mamellong ea kholumolumo ho na le matla le matla a makatsang, a e lumelletseng ho phela feela maemong a thata a tlhaho, empa le ho tsoala hantle, ho lula libakeng tse pharalletseng tsa k'honthinente ea Amerika Leboea. Leha e le hore phiri e hlasela linku tse ruuoang, hape e ea rua molemo, ka mokhoa o timetsang likokonyana tse senyang litoeba tse kang likhoto le litoeba.
Letsatsi la phatlalatso: 10.04.2019
Letsatsi le ntlafalitsoeng: 19.09.2019 ka 16:16
