Khomo ea musk - phoofolo e nang le litšobotsi tse ikhethang, litsebi li e boletse ka tatellano e fapaneng. Phoofolo ena ka chebahalo ea eona e tšoana le lipoho (linaka) le linku (moriri o molelele le mohatla o mokhutšoane)
Likarolo le tikoloho ea musk ox
Ho fihlela kajeno, likhomo tsa musk ke tsona feela baemeli ba musk ox joalo ka leloko. Ke karolo ea lelapa la bovids. Ho lumeloa hore beng ka bona ba hole ba liphoofolo tsena ba ne ba lula Asia Bohareng nakong ea Miocene. Sebaka sena se ne se koahetse haholo-holo libaka tse lithaba.
Nakong ea serame se batang lilemong tse limilione tse 3.5 tse fetileng, ba ile ba tloha Himalaya mme ba lula karolong e ka leboea ea kontinenteng ea Asia. Glaciation nakong ea Illinois e bakile ho tsamaisoa ha likhomo tsa musk ho seo hona joale e leng Greenland le North America. Palo ea batho ba likhomo e ile ea fokotseha haholo nakong ea pheliso ea Late Pleistocene ka lebaka la ho futhumala ho hoholo.
Ke likhama tse tšehali le musk ox, joalo ka baemeli ba li-ungulates, tse atlehileng ho phela lilemong tse makholo tse thata. Likhomo tsa musk, tseo ho fihlela haufinyane li neng li atile Arctic, li batla li timetse ka ho felletseng ho la Eurasia.
Alaska, liphoofolo li ile tsa nyamela lekholong la bo19 la lilemo, empa lilemong tsa bo-30 tsa lekholo le fetileng la lilemo li ile tsa tlisoa moo hape. Kajeno, Alaska, ho na le batho ba ka bang 800 ba liphoofolo tsena. Likhomo tsa Musk ho ea Russia e qetelletse e le Taimyr le Sehlekehlekeng sa Wrangel.
Libakeng tsena musk pholo lula libakeng lipolokelo 'me ba tlas'a tšireletso ea naha. Palo e nyane haholo ea liphoofolo tsena e sala lefatšeng - batho ba ka bang 25,000. Ponahalo ea phoofolo e lumellana le maemo a thata a Arctic. Likarolo tse hlahelletseng 'meleng oa poho li batla li le sieo.
Sena se fokotsa tahlehelo ea mocheso le ho fokotsa monyetla oa serame. Musk ea boea ba likhomo e fapana ka bolelele le ka bongata. Ka lebaka la hae, phoofolo e nyane e bonahala e le kholo haholo. Jase ena e oela hoo e ka bang fatše 'me e sootho kapa e ntšo ka' mala. Ke linaka feela, litlhako, molomo le nko feela tse sa koaheloang. Hlabula, kobo ea phoofolo e khuts'oane ho feta mariha.
Tseba tšoeu ea musk e tšoeu hoo e ka bang ke ke ha khoneha. Ke feela leboea la Canada, haufi le Mofumahali Maud Bay, moo batho ba mofuta ona ba fumanoang seoelo. Boea ba tsona bo theko e boima haholo. Hump ka sebopeho sa nape ka musk ox e sebakeng sa mahetla. Maoto a manyane ebile a a tiya, maoto a ka pele a makgutshwane haholo ho feta a kamorao.
Litlhako li kholo ebile li sebopeho se chitja, li loketse ho tsamaea holim 'a lehloa le libakeng tse majoe. Bophara ba litlhako tse ka pele bo boholo ho feta bophara ba likhama tse tšehali hape bo thusa ho cheka ka potlako lijo tlasa lehloa. Hlooho e kholo le e sephara ea 'musk ox, ho na le manaka a maholohali, ao phoofolo e a tšollang lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse tšeletseng ebe a a sebelisa ho itšireletsa khahlanong le lira.
Tse tona li na le linaka tse kholo ho feta tse tšehali, tseo hape li reretsoeng ho ba libetsa ha li loantšana. Mahlo a likhomo tsa musk a sootho, litsebe li nyane (tse ka bang 6 cm), mohatla o mokhutšoanyane (ho fihlela ho 15 cm). Pono le kutlo ea monko oa liphoofolo li ntle haholo.
Ba khona ho bona hantle esita le bosiu, ba utloe lira tse atamelang 'me ba ka fumana lijo, tse botebong ba lehloa. Tse tšehali le tse tona, hammoho le liphoofolo tse tsoang libakeng tse fapaneng, li fapana haholo ka boima le bolelele ho tse ling. Boima ba banna bo ka tloha ho 250 ho ea ho 670 kg, bophahamo ba ho pona ke hoo e ka bang mithara le halofo.
Tsehali li na le boima bo ka bang 40%, bolelele ba tsona bo ka ba cm cm 120-130. Batho ba kholo ka ho fetisisa ba lula bophirima ho Greenland, e nyane haholo - leboea.Khomo ea musk e fapaneng le liphoofolo tse ts'oanang joalo ka yak, bison, leino eseng feela ka chebahalo ea lona, empa hape le ka palo ea li-chromosome tsa diploid. Phoofolo e ile ea fuoa lebitso "musk ox" ka lebaka la monko o khethehileng o patiloeng ke litšoelesa tsa phoofolo eo.
Sebopeho le mokhoa oa bophelo oa khomo ea musk
Khomo ea musk ke phoofolo e anyesang e kopaneng. Hlabula, mohlape o ka fihlela liphoofolo tse ka bang 20. Mariha - ho feta 25. Lihlopha ha li na libaka tse arohaneng, empa li tsamaea ka litsela tsa tsona, tse tšoailoeng ka litšoelesa tse khethehileng.
Liphoofolo tse tsofetseng li laola liphoofolo tse nyane mme mariha lia li tlosa libakeng tseo ho nang le lijo tse ngata ho tsona.Khomo ea musk ea phela sebakeng se itseng mme o khetha ho se suthele hole le sona. Ha li batla lijo hlabula, liphoofolo li tsamaea haufi le linoka, 'me mariha li leba boroa.Musk ox - phoofolo e thata haholo. Empa e na le litšobotsi tse kang ho lieha le ho lieha.
Haeba a le kotsing, o matha ka lebelo la 40 km / h nako e telele. Mafura a ka tlasa 'mele le tse tšeletseng tse telele li lumella phoofolo ho phela serameng sa likhato tse 60. Phiri e le 'ngoe le bere ea polar ke lira tsa tlhaho tsa likhomo tsa musk. Leha ho le joalo, li-artiodactyl tsena ha li hara liphoofolo tse fokolang kapa tse boi.
Ha ho ka ba le tlhaselo ea sera, liphoofolo li nka tšireletso ea potoloho. Ka hare ho selikalikoe ho na le manamane. Ha e hlasela, poho e haufi le mohatelli e e akhela ka linaka, 'me ba emeng pel'a eona baa e hata. Leqheka lena ha le sebetse feela ha u kopana le monna ea hlometseng ea ka bolaeang mohlape kaofela ka nako e khuts'oane. Ha ba bona kotsi, liphoofolo li qala ho honotha le ho honotha, manamane a lla, tse tona lia rora.
Musk phepo e nepahetseng
Makhulo a batla poho e kholo mohlapeng. Mariha, likhomo tsa musk lia robala ebile lia phomola ho feta, e leng se tlatsetsang ho ntlafatsong ea lijo hantle.Likhomo tsa musk lia phela boholo ba bophelo ba bona bo maemong a batang a batang, ka hona lijo tsa bona ha li fapane haholo. Nako ea lehlabula la Arctic e khutšoane haholo, kahoo likhomo tsa musk li ja limela tse ommeng tse chekiloeng ka tlas'a lehloa. Liphoofolo li ka li fumana ho tloha botebong ba halofo ea mithara.
Mariha, lipholo tsa musk li khetha ho lula libakeng tse nang le lehloa le lenyane ebe li fepa lichen, moss, lichen le limela tse ling tse tundra. Lehlabula, liphoofolo li thabela mokokotlo, makala a lihlahla le makhasi a lifate. Nakong ena, liphoofolo li ntse li batla lits'oants'o tsa letsoai bakeng sa ho fumana lisebelisoa tse lekaneng tse nyane.
Ho ikatisa le tebello ea bophelo ea khomo ea musk
Qetellong ea lehlabula, mathoasong a hoetla, nako ea ho nyalanya e qala bakeng sa lipholo tsa musk. Nakong ena, tse tona tse itokiselitseng ho nyalana li mathela sehlopheng sa tse tšehali. Ka lebaka la lintoa lipakeng tsa banna, mohapi o ikemiselitse, ke mang ea thehang basali. Boholo ba nako, lintoa tse mabifi ha li etsahale, lia honotha, li qhoma kapa li otlanya litlhako.
Batho ba shoang ha ba fumanehe hangata. Mong'a basali o bontša pefo mme ha a lumelle mang kapa mang ho ba haufi le tsehali. Nako ea bokhachane ho likhomo tsa musk e ka ba likhoeli tse 9. Qetellong ea selemo, mathoasong a lehlabula, namane e boima ba lik'hilograma tse 10 ea tsoaloa. Ngoana a le mong oa tsoaloa, hangata ke ba babeli.
Halofo ea hora kamora ho hlaha, lesea le se le eme ka maoto. Ka mora matsatsi a mmalwa, manamane a qala ho ikopanya mme a bapala mmoho. E fepa ka lebese la mme ka dikgwedi tse tsheletseng, ka nako eo boima ba yona bo ka bang 100 kg. Ka lilemo tse peli, mme le lesea ba hokahane ka tsela e ke keng ea aroloa. Phoofolo e hola ka dilemo tse nne. Nako ea bophelo ea likhomo tsa musk e ka ba lilemo tse 15.
