Lehlaka la Kamchatka haele hantle ke mofets'e. Ena ke boitsebiso ba tlhaho ba mofuta ona. O ile a fuoa lebitso leo ka lebaka la ho tšoana ha lona kantle le makhala. Li khuts'oane ho feta crayfish, li na le mpa e nyane, ha li na mohatla ebile lia sisinyeha.
Kankere, ka lehlakoreng le leng, e tsejoa e rata ho khutlela morao. Kaha mofuta oa Kamchatka o tšoana le lehlaka, ke oa mofuta oa craboids. Ba bang ba e khetholla e le mohato o mahareng lipakeng tsa mefuta e 'meli ea arthropods.
Tlhaloso le likarolo tsa Kamchatka crab
Mofuta o mong o bitsoa oa borena. Haeba lebitso le ka sehloohong le bontša sebaka sa arthropod, joale leseli la bobeli le supa Litekanyo tsa lekhaba la morena... E fihla bophara ba lisenthimithara tse 29.
Mmoho le maoto le matsoho a 1-1.5. Ka lebaka la bolelele ba tsona, phoofolo ea Kamchatka e boetse e bitsoa lekhaba la sekho. Boima bohle ba phoofolo bo fihla ho li-kilogramme tse 7. Likarolo tse ling tsa lehlaka la Kamchatka li kenyelletsa:
- lipara tse hlano tsa maoto, le leng la ona le sa tsoelapele ho lula 'me le patehile mesebetsing e le hore le li hloekise maloanlahla a kenang kahare
- lithupa tse ka pele tse sa lekanang, e nepahetseng e kholo ebile e reretsoe ho roba likhetla tsa phofu, 'me ea leqele e nyane mme e nkela khaba bakeng sa ho e ja
- litšobotsi tsa li-antenna tsa crayfish
- 'mala o sootho o nang le matšoao a pherese mahlakoreng le' mala o mosehla oa mpa
- ho bitsoa thobalano ea basali - basali ba nyane haholo ho feta ba batona mme ba na le sebopehong sa sebopehong ho fapana le mpa e likhutlo li tharo
- bokaholimo ba carapace bo koahetsoeng ka mokokotlo o mots'oane, o pharalletseng hanyane ho feta bolelele
- mokokotlo o lebisitsoeng ka pele ho rostrum, ke hore, sebaka sa thoracic sa carapace
- methapo e tšeletseng karolong e bohareng ea khetla e ka morao, ho fapana le meroho e mene e haufi le mofuta oa Kamchatka, lekhala le leputsoa
- lipoleiti tse sa tloaelehang tse koahelang mpa ea arthropod
- mohatla o bonolo, o bontšang hore ke oa makhala a mohatla o bonolo, a kenyelletsang le mehloa ea linoka
Hang ka selemo, lekhhala la Kamchatka le tšolla likhetla tsa lona. Pele ho thehoa arthropod e ncha e ntse e hola ka mafolofolo. Ka botsofali, batho ba bang ba fetola carapace ea bona lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse peli. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, crayfish e nyane e molt habeli ka selemo.
Ha se likhetla tsa kantle feela tse fetohang, empa le marako a chitinous ka 'metso, pelo, mpa ea phoofolo. Khetla ea lehlaka la morena e entsoe ka chitin. E se e ithutile Setsing sa Biophysics sa Moscow ho tloha ka 1961. Khitin bo-rasaense ba nang le thahasello joalo ka:
- Boitsebiso bo ka kenang bakeng sa suture ea ho buoa.
- Dae bakeng sa masela.
- Kenyelletso pampiring e ntlafatsang ts'ebetso ea pampiri.
- Karolo ea lithethefatsi tse thusang ho pepeseha ha radiation.
Vladivostok le Murmansk, chitose (polysaccharide e ts'oanang le selulose) e hlahisoa ho tloha chitin ka bongata ba indasteri. Lifeme tse khethehileng li se li thehiloe litoropong.
Mokhoa oa bophelo le tikoloho
Sebaka sa lehae sa makhala leoatle. Joaloka mofetše, ramatiki e ne e ka lula linokeng. Empa makhala a 'nete a lula maoatleng feela. Ka libaka tsa leoatle, makhala a Kamchatka a khetha:
- libaka tse nang le lehlabathe kapa seretse
- botebo ba limithara tse 2 ho isa ho 270
- metsi a pholileng a letsoai le mahareng
Ka tlhaho, crab ea morena ke fidget. Arthropod e lula e tsamaea. Tsela e tsitsitsoe. Leha ho le joalo, lilemong tsa bo-1930, mofetše o ile oa qobelloa ho fetola litsela tse tloaelehileng tsa ho falla.
Monna e mong o ile a kenella. USSR, lehlaka la Kamchatka e ne e le thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha. Ka metsing a matsoalloa a teng, ramatiki e ile ea tšoasoa ke batšoasi ba litlhapi ba Japane e haufi. E le hore ho ne ho se na bahlolisani ba litlhapi, li-arthropod li ile tsa isoa Leoatleng la Barents:
- Boiteko ba pele bo etsahetse ka 1932. Joseph Sachs o rekile makhala a leshome a phelang Vladivostok. Ngaka ea liphoofolo e ne e batla ho etella pele liphoofolo leoatleng, empa e atlehile feela ka koloing ea thepa ea terene. Kankere e matla ea basali e ile ea hlokahala monyako oa Krasnoyarsk. Mohlala o hapuoe setšoantšong. Lehlaka la Kamchatka e paqame liporong tsa seporo sebakeng se sa tloaelehang bakeng sa eona.
- Ho 1959, ba nkile qeto ea ho isa makhala ka sefofane, ba sebelisa chelete ho lisebelisoa tse tšehetsang bophelo ba li-arthropod nakong ea sefofane. Ha baa ka ba boloka chelete, ba beha nako ea lipalangoang leetong la Mopresidente oa United States. Ketelo ea hae e ile ea hlakoloa, joalo ka ho fallisoa ha crayfish.
- Hoetla ka 1960, setsebi sa bophelo ba liphoofolo Yuri Orlov o ile a khona ho isa makhala ho Murmansk a ntse a phela, empa a hloleha ho a lokolla ka lebaka la tieho ea tsamaiso. Kamohelo e fanoe feela ka 1961.
- Ka 1961 eona eo, Orlov le sehlopha sa hae ba ile ba isa makhala a macha ho Murmansk, ba a lokollela Leoatleng la Barents.
Leoatleng la Barents, morena crab o ile a tsoala ka katleho. Ho bile le bahlolisani hape. Baahi ba arthropod ba fihlile mabopong a Norway. Hona joale e qabana le Russia bakeng sa ho tšoasa makhala. E boetse e hlolisana metsing a macha le:
- haddock
- flounder
- cod
- metsero katse
Crab e tlosa mefuta e thathamisitsoeng, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e leng ea khoebo. Ka hona, melemo ea ho fallisa mofuta ona e lekantsoe. Batho ba Canada le bona ba lumellana le sena. Lekhoaba la morena le ile la tlisoa lebopong la bona qetellong ea lekholo le fetileng la lilemo.
Mefuta ea lekhaba ea Kamchatka
Ha ho na tlhophiso ea semmuso ea lekhaba la morena. Ka tloaelo, maikutlo a borena a arotsoe ka libaka:
- King crab manala 'me ke eena e moholo ka ho fetisisa lebopong la Canada. Bophara ba khetla ea li-arthropod tsa lehae bo fihla lisentimitara tse 29.
- Batho ba tsoang Leoatleng la Barents ba boholo bo mahareng. Bophara ba carapace ea arthropods ha e fete lisenthimithara tse 25.
- Likhofu tsa Morena ka metsing a Leoatle la Okhotsk le Leoatle la Japane li nyane ho feta tse ling, ha se hangata li fetang lisenthimithara tse 22 ka bophara.
Haufi le lebopo la Kamchatka, Sakhalin le Lihlekehleke tsa Kuril, crayfish ea borena e nyane ka lebaka la ho tlolelana ha liphoofolo. Crab e nyane ea lehloa le eona e lula haufi le baahi ba khoebo.
Lehlaka la Kamchatka naheng
Mefuta e nyalanang, e fana ka bana ba sebetsang, e kopanya letamo la liphatsa tsa lefutso. Ntlha ea bobeli kholisong ea makhala ke mocheso oa metsi. E phahame haholo lebopong la Amerika. Ka hona, li-arthropod li hola kapele, li fumana boima bo bongata.
Phepo ea lehlaka la Kamchatka
Arthropod e omnivorous, empa e lemoha lijo tsa limela hafeela phoofolo e haella. Pele crab ea Kamchatka e ts'oasa:
- hydroids, ke hore, liphoofolo tse se nang lesapo la mokokotlo tsa metsing
- li-crustaceans
- Metsoakoana a leoatle
- mefuta eohle ea likhetla
- litlhapi tse nyane joalo ka li-gobies
Khala ea morena le eona e tsoma starfish. Li-octopus le li-otter tsa leoatleng "li behile mahlo" ho li-arthropods tsa borena ka botsona. Har'a mefuta e amanang le eona, li-arthropod tsa Kamchatka li tšaba lehlaka le likhutlo li 'ne. Leha ho le joalo, sera se ka sehloohong sa mohale oa sehlooho sena ke motho. O ananela nama ea phoofolo, e seng tlase ho tatso le bophelo bo botle ho makhala.
Ho hlahisa le nako ea bophelo
Kamchatka crayfish e ba kholo ea thobalano ka lilemo tse 8-10 ho tse tona le tse 5-7 nakong ea basali. Li-arthropods tsa mofuta ona li phela lilemo tse ka bang 20-23.
Potoloho ea lekhaba la morena e tjena:
- Mariha, li-arthropods li ea botebong, li emetse serame moo.
- Nakong ea selemo, makhala a mathela metsing a futhumetseng a lebopong, 'me a itokisetsa ho tsoala.
- E tšehali e emolisitsoeng e lokisa sehlopha sa pele sa mahe maotong a mpa, 'me e boloka la bobeli ka popelong.
- Ha makhala a qhotsoa mahe maotong a basali, o tsamaisa sehlopha sa bobeli sa mahe maotong.
Nakong ea ho ikatisa, lehlaka la basali la Kamchatka le behela mahe a ka bang likete tse 300. E phela ka hoo e ka bang 10%. Tse setseng li jeoa ke liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo tsa metsing.
Mokhoa oa ho pheha lehlaka la Kamchatka
Theko ea lehlaka la Kamchatka e paka boleng ba eona, e hlabosehang. Kilo ea maoto a arthropod e Vladivostok e bitsa li-ruble tse ka bang 450. Libakeng tse ling phalanxes ea morena crab theko e phahameng haholo.
K'hilograma ea 'mele ea mofetše oa borena e bitsa li-ruble tse fetang likete tse peli. Sena ke sa thepa e ncha. Lehlaka la Kamchatka le hoamme e theko e tlase Primorye, empa e theko e phahameng haholo libakeng tse hole.
Lehlaka le phehiloeng la Kamchatka
E le hore u phehe lekhaba hantle, u lokela ho nahana ka lintlha tse latelang:
- Crab e phelang ea Kamchatkae shoang ka nako ea ho pheha e nkoa e le monate ka ho fetisisa. Nama e halikiloeng ha e bonolo.
- Nama ea lekhaba ea Kamchatka e na le tatso e bonojoana. Linōko lia mo sitisa. Celery, lekhasi la bay, letsoai, asene ea apole cider le pepere e ntšo li ka hatisa tatso, empa ka tekano.
- Ke habohlokoa hore u se ke ua cheka kankere. Ka ho belisoa nako e telele, nama, joalo ka squid, e fetoha rabara. Nako ea ho pheha e baloa ho tloha boima ba lekhala. Ligrama tsa pele tsa 500 tsa boima ba tsona li nka metsotso e 15. Bakeng sa ponto e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e latelang - metsotso e 10.
- Ho ntša lekhaba ka pane, le behe le mokokotlo oa lona fatše, ho thibela lero ho tsoa. O tlameha ho tsoela pele ho tlatsa nama.
Nama ea lehlaka ea Kamchatka e ntle ka thoko, ka lisalate, e le ho tlatsa khoho e kentsoeng. Sehlahisoa sena se boetse se na le li-mushroom tsa porcini hape e le tlatsetso ho pasta ea Mataliana.
