Hajoale, malapa a ka bang 93 a makhala a fumanoe ke motho, a neng a kenyelletsa mefuta e ka bang likete tse supileng. Liphoofolo tsena li nyane ka bobeli (ha li fete boholo ba li-arachnids) ebile li kholo. E teng mefuta ea makhala ka lintlha tse ikhethileng tsa kantle, hammoho le li-arthropod tse chefo. Ke habohlokoa ho ithuta mefuta e meholo e tsejoang ke motho ka botlalo.
Lehlaka la Kamchatka
Lehlaka la Kamchatka (Majapane a boetse a e bitsa "borena") e nkuoa e le sejo se hlabosang. Lijo tsa makotikoting tse thehiloeng ho tsona li bohlokoa haholo 'marakeng' me li ratoa lefatšeng ka bophara. Moemeli enoa o nkuoa e le e mong oa ba hlahelletseng har'a li-crustaceans. Bophara ba khetla ea batho ba baholo ka ho fetisisa e ka fihla ho 23 cm, sebaka sa paw ke 1.5 m, 'me boima ba sona bo fihla ho 7 kg.
Cephalothorax ea lehlaka la e motšehali le e motona ea Kamchatka e na le sebopeho se likhutlo li 'nè,' me khetla le manala li na le lehlaka. Khetla e na le methapo ea mokokotlo, litselana li telele, tse lutseng moeling o ka pele.
Phatla e moqotetsane, li-peduncle li holisoa hanyane boemong ba cornea. Li-Antennas lia tsamaisoa botlaaseng; ho na le sephali, se bolelele ba sona bo leng tlase ho bolelele ba potoloho. Li-Antena ke tse nyane, tse patiloeng hanyane ka tlase phatleng. Lekhala le na le manaka a bulehileng hantle a nang le menoana e melelele. Lere la morena e etella pele mokhoa oa bophelo oa mohlape.
Ka lebaka la sena, e fetohile ntho ea bohlokoa ea indasteri Amerika le Japane le ho Russian Federation. Baahi ba leoatle ba kotuloa ka matlooa a tlase. Nakong ea ho tšoasa litlhapi, ho sebelisoa maraba a ho cheha. 'Mele oa arthropod o na le mpa, cephalothorax le maoto a 10. Cephalothorax, maoto le mpa li koahetsoe ke chitin ka kholo ea spiked.
Lehlaka la kokonate
Lehlaka la kokonate - Sena ke moemeli kholo ka ho fetisisa har'a arthropods. Ka kakaretso, ha e nkuoe e le lehlaka - ke mofuta oa lekhaba la boinotšing. Moemeli enoa o na le ponahalo e tšosang haholo - a ka tšosa le motho ea sebete ea etsang qeto ea ho fuputsa leoatle. Haeba u na le methapo e fokolang, ho molemo hore le ka mohla u se ke ua bona lehlaka la coconut. Lipente tsa moemeli li ka roba esita le masapo a manyane.
Batho ba joalo ba lula lihlekehlekeng tsa Leoatle la India. Sena ke 'nete haholo-holo Sehlekehlekeng sa Keresemese, moo ho nang le mefuta e mengata ea li-arthropods. 'Mele oa crab o arotsoe likarolo tse peli. Ea pele ke cephalothorax le lipara tse 5 tsa li-paws, 'me ea bobeli ke mpa.
Maoto a ka pele a fetoloa likhahla. Re lokela ho hlokomela hore lenala le letšehali le leholo haholo ho feta le letona. Li-paws tse peli tse latelang li na le lipheletsong tse bohale. Sena se nolofalletsa lekhhala ho fetela holim'a libaka tse sekametseng le tse tsepameng.
Batho ba baholo ba sebelisa lieta tse 'ne bakeng sa ho hloa lithaba. Boholo ba eona bo nyane ho feta ba marapo a mang. Ka thuso ea bona, lekhhala le lula ka har'a likhetla tsa coconut kapa likhetla tsa mollusk. Maoto a mabeli a ho qetela ke a fokolang ka ho fetisisa, lehlaka la kokonate le li pata ka har'a khetla. Li sebelisoa feela bakeng sa ho tlolelana ha liphoofolo kapa bana.
Lehlaka la 'mabole
Lehlaka la 'mabole Ke moahi a le mong feela oa Leoatle le Letšo ea ka fumanoang mafikeng le mafikeng a leoatle. Phoofolo e joalo ea arthropod ke ea lelapa la Grapsidae. Khetla ea moemeli oa metsing e bopehile joalo ka trapezoid. Boholo ba motho ka mong bo nyane - ho tloha ho 4,5 ho isa ho cm 6. Bokaholimo ba khetla hangata bo koahetsoe ke bolele le li-acorn tsa leoatle.
Joalo ka makhala a mangata, li-arthropod tse marbled li na le lipara tse 5 tsa maoto. Tse peli tse ka pele ke manala a matla. Moriri o ka bonoa maotong a tsamaeang a lekhaka la sekho. Mmala oa carapace o putsoa ka botala bo botala kapa bosootho bo lefifi ka metopa e mengata e bobebe.
Crab e lula metsing a sa tebang, pela majoe. E ka fumanoa le leoatleng botebong ba limithara tse ka bang leshome. Setho sena sa lelapa la crab se ka phela ntle le metsi, ka hona se ka bonoa lefatšeng.
Haeba mosali, monna ka boeena a lemoha kotsi, o ka hlasela kapa a ipata sebakeng se haufi sa bolulo. Motšehare, crab e ka tlasa majoe a robetseng tlase. Bosiu o ea lebōpong. Lefifing, lekhhala le ka hloella bophahamong ba limithara tse hlano.
Maemong a mangata, lekhhala le fepa masalla a manyolo. Joalo ka mefuta e meng e mengata ea makhala a fumanehang Leoatleng le Letšo, marble arthropods ha se mefuta ea liindasteri, empa ke likhopotso tse hohelang. Sebakeng sa tlhaho, crab e marbled e phela ho tloha ho lilemo tse 3 ho isa ho tse 3.5.
Lekhaba le leputsoa
Mofuta ona oa lekhhala ke setho sa lelapa la lekhhala le sesang. Liphoofolo tsena li na le sepheo se seholo sa indasteri - selemo se seng le se seng ho tšoaroa lithane tse fetang likete tse 28 tsa li-arthropods. Le lilemong tse lekholo tse fetileng, nama ea eona e ile ea e-ba monate. Hantle ka lebaka lena lekhala le leputsoa e fokotseha ka potlako.
Lekhala le sesa le lula mabopong a bophirima a Leoatle la Atlantic, pela Hloahloa ea Cape Cod. Ea morao-rao e ka leboea-bochabela ho Amerika mme e fihla Argentina, hammoho le Uruguay e ka boroa. Hangata, makhala a maputsoa a ka fumanoa melomong ea linoka le matangoaneng, botebo ba eona bo sa feteng limithara tse 36.
Liphoofolo li khetha libaka tsa bolulo moo ho nang le lehloa kapa lehlabathe tlase. Nakong ea mariha Lekhaba le leputsoa e teba ka tlase ho metsi. Batho ba baholo ba ka mamella hamonate lerotholi la mocheso ho fihlela likhatong tse 10, ha ba banyenyane - ho tloha ho 15 ho isa ho 30. Bolelele ba khetla bo tloha ho 7 ho isa ho 10 cm, mme bophara ke ho tloha ho 16 ho isa ho 20. Makhaba a batho ba baholo a ka ba boima ba lik'hilograma tse 0,4-0.95. Mokokotlo oa lekhhala le leputsoa o ka ba le likhahla tse latelang:
- Putsoa.
- Green-putsoa.
- Lefifi le letsho.
Ho na le mokokotlo o hlabang lehlakoreng lohle la khetla, 'me mpa le maoto li tšoeu. Banna ba ka khetholloa ka manala a maputsoa le a basali ka tse bofubelu bo bobebe. Li-arthropods tsa metsing li na le lipara tse 5 tsa maoto.
Nakong ea phetoho, maoto a ka pele a fetoha manala, a sebelisetsoang ho sireletsa le ho seha lijo. Para ea ho qetela e tšoana ka sebopego le masokoana - e sebelisetsoa ho sesa. Haeba crab e lahleheloa ke maoto le matsoho, o khona ho e khutlisa kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang.
Lekhala la litlama
Crab ea joang e batla e le nyane, empa e le crustacean e matla haholo, eo lebelo la eona le tsamaeang leo maemong a mang e ka fihlelang ho mithara ka motsotsoana. Karolo e ikhethang ea lekhhala la joang ke khetla, e nang le sebopeho se sephara se sephara.
Li-arthropods tsena li na le boholo ba lipekere. 'Mala oa karolo e kaholimo ea khetla ea eona o botala, karolo e ka tlase e ka ba tšoeu kapa bosehla. Baemeli ba mofuta ona oa li-crustaceans ba ka suthela lehlakoreng feela, eseng ho ea pele kapa morao.
Makhoaba a joang a phela hangata e le leoatleng, botebong ba limithara tse tharo. Botlaaseng hangata bo patiloe ke majoana kapa lejoe la khetla ka seretse, empa hangata li ipata moferong oa algal.
Makhaba a joang bo fepa baahi ba metsi a sa tebang a fapaneng - li-shrimp, li-mussels, litlhapi tse nyane le li-crustaceans, liboko, hammoho le maloanlahla a manyolo. Baemeli bana ba liphoofolo tsa metsing ke libopuoa tsa bosiu. Motšehare, lia phomola, li ipata mobung oa leoatle.
Lekhala la litlama ka nepo e na le sehlooho sa "ho hlophiseha ha lefatše le ka tlas'a metsi." Liphoofolo tsena tse nyane li thibela tšilafalo ea lebopo la leoatle ka ho ja setopo le mefuta eohle ea maloanlahla a manyolo a leoatle.
Makhaba a joang a lokiselitsoe ho nyallana selemo ho pota. E tshehadi e khona ho behela ho fihlela mahe a likete tse 'maloa, nako ea ho qhotsoa ha eona e nka likhoeli tse peli ho isa ho tse tšeletseng, ho latela sehla.
Lehlaka la lehlabathe
Mokhala oa mofuta ona o lula botebong ba lehlabathe feela. Lehlaka la lehlabathe sesesi se setle (ka hona, se na le lebitso la bobeli la bo-maleshoane) 'me se tseba ho ipata ka lehlabathe ka potlako (maoto a khama e tenya a thusa phoofolo ho sena). Batho ba sesang ba ikutloa ba phutholohile ha ba le metsing a pholileng, a hlakileng. Maemong a joalo, lekhhala le ka ea metsing a sa tebang.
Mohlala o moholo ka ho fetisisa o fumanoeng naheng ea Russian Federation o lula Leoatleng le Letšo. Bolelele ba eona ke hoo e ka bang 32 mm, 'me bophara ba eona ke 40 mm. Lehlaka la ho sesa E nkuoa e le kholo ka ho fetisisa har'a tse lulang Leoatleng la Adriatic, empa ka lebaka la bongata ba baemeli ba makhala a ho sesa, lehlabathe ha le fumanehe hangata.
Boholo ba phoofolo bo bonyenyane haholo. Motho o na le carapace ea oval e bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 'ne. Maoto a makhuts'oane, empa sena ha se thibele crab ho tsamaea kapele. Manala a tsona a maholo, a shebahala a sa lekane, hobane lehlaka ka bo lona le lenyane ka boholo. Menoana ea fifala, ka linako tse ling ebile e ntšo.
Karolo e ikhethang ea lehlaka la diver ke bokhoni ba ho sesa ka lebelo le phahameng ka metsing. Ho tse tona, manaka a bonoa kaholimo ho mahlo ntlheng ea mahlaka. Ha tse tšehali li cheka mosima oa tsona, li hasanya lehlabathe ka nqa tsohle. Tse tona li e mena ka makhethe haufi le mekoti ea tsona.
Makhoaba a moriri
Ka lebaka la tloaelo ea ho hloella libakeng tse hole ka ho fetisisa tsa mahaha a ka tlasa metsi le ho robala ho ona ka khutso, a koahetsoe ke liponche, makhala a boea a ile a fumana lebitso la bobeli, le tlase ho molao - makhala a robetseng. Mofuta ona oa arthropod ke e 'ngoe ea li-crustaceans tse nyane haholo. Litekanyo tsa lekhaba le boea li se ke tsa feta limilimithara tse 25., 'me baemeli bana ba li-crustaceans ba lula karolong e lebopong la leoatle.
Ho robala makhala Na ke baemeli ba tiileng ba taelo ea li-crustaceans tsa decapod tse fumanoang boholo ba Leoatle la Mediterranean le la Leboea. Kaha li maemong a pholileng a leboea-bochabela ho Leoatle la Atlantic, makhala a boea ha a felle feela sebakeng se itseng sa bolulo. Ba phutholohile ho ba teng botebong ba limithara tse robeli, hape le hore ba theohile limithara tse lekholo ka tlase.
Bolelele ba khetla ea lehlaka le boea bo feta lisenthimithara tse hlano feela. Karolo e ka sehloohong e khethollang ke hore khetla e koahetsoe ke meriri e mengata e menyenyane. Sena se lumella makhala a robetseng ho tšoara seponche ka thata, empa eseng ka lebaka la kutloelo-bohloko ea bona, empa feela bakeng sa ho ipata. Ke makhala a manyane a robalang feela a ka "ts'oarang" liponche, le batho ba baholo, ka lebaka la ts'oaetso e telele le liponche, ka kotloloho "li hola hammoho" le metsoalle ea tsona.
Makhala a hlabang
Mofuta ona oa makhala o lula maemong a mangata Leoatleng la Pacific (karolong e ka leboea-bochabela). Phoofolo e joalo e ikutloa hantle ka metsing e nang le letsoai le tlase, e ka ba ea fumanoa le metsing a hloekileng. Hangata, batšoasi ba litlhapi ba ntša lekhhala le hlabang ka metsing hammoho le tlhapi ea tlhapi ea tlhapi ea leoatleng.
Bona mofuta ona oa arthropod lebopong la Kamchatka, Kuriles le Sakhalin. Phoofolo ena e khetha ho phela mobung o nang le majoe a mangata - metsing a sa tebang, moo botebo bo sa feteng limithara tse 25. Re lokela ho hlokomela hore ka linako tse ling crab ena e ile ea ts'oaroa ho tloha botebong ba limithara tse 350.
Lehlaka le hlabang hangata e lebisa bophelo ba ho lula fatše, o mamella ka mokhoa o nepahetseng liphetoho tsa linako tsa selemo mebusong ea mocheso. Khetla ea phoofolo e na le palo e kholo ea meutloa, mme bophara ba eona e ka ba lisenthimithara tse 15. Lijo tse ka sehloohong ke li-mollusk tse nyane.
U ka bona makhala a mofuta ofe ka aquarium?
Ke khale makhala e se e le liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng hara batho ba ratang ho boloka letamo la metsi ka malapeng a bona. Hona joale baemeli ba joalo ba li-arthropods ba ka fumanoa mabenkeleng a mangata a liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng, ha ba ntse ba ikokobelitse mme ba mela hantle lapeng.
Ha u khetha phoofolo e joalo ea lapeng, o lokela ho ela hloko boholo ba eona, hammoho le mocheso oa metsi moo ho reretsoeng ho boloka lehlaka. Mohlala, mefuta e meng e hloka metsi a futhumetseng (thempereichara e 20-25 likhato tsa Celsius) mmoho le moea oa moea. Haeba phoofolo e hlaha libakeng tse ka leboea, mocheso oa metsi o lokela ho ba tlase hanyane. Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea makhala e loketseng ho boloka malapa:
- Lehlaka la Madache... Khetho e ntle ho ba qalang, hobane phoofolo ea lapeng e na le boikokobetso mabapi le ho boloka maemo. Phoofolo ha e hloke mobu o omileng. Ho molemo ho e boloka ka mocheso oa likhato tse 24-25.
- Lekhala... E na le lebitso lena ka lebaka la 'mala oa lona o khanyang le o motle. Lehlaka le tla ba moahisani ea hloahloa oa litlhapi tsa aquarium, empa ha ho khothaletsoe ho le boloka le lihoho. Motho enoa ha a hloke ho etsisoa ka mokhoa o tlamang oa sushi. Ho molemo ho boloka lengau le pakeng tsa likhato tse 22 le tse 28.
Li-crustaceans (makhala) ke li-arthropod tse omnivorous. Sebakeng sa bona sa tlhaho sa tlhaho, hangata ba bapala karolo ea tatellano. Hona joale mefuta e meng e haufi le ho timela. Batho ba molato ke maemo ana.
