Litšila tsa kaho

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Hona joale linaheng tse ngata tsa lefats'e, kaho e ntse e etsoa ka mafolofolo, eseng feela ea bolulo, empa lits'ebeletso tsa khoebo le indasteri. Keketseho ea molumo oa kaho ka mokhoa o ts'oanang e eketsa palo ea litšila tsa kaho. Ho laola palo ea lona, ​​ho a hlokahala ho lahla mokhahlelo ona oa litšila kapa ho o nchafatsa hore o sebelisoe bocha le ho o sebelisa hape.

Kemiso ea litšila tsa kaho

Litšila tsa mekhahlelo e latelang li khetholloa libakeng tsa kaho:

  • Litšila tse ngata. Tsena ke likarolo tsa sebopeho le sebopeho se hlahang ka lebaka la ho heletsoa ha meaho.
  • Ho paka litšila. Ka tloaelo sehlopha sena se kenyelletsa filimi, pampiri le lihlahisoa tse ling moo thepa ea moaho e pakiloeng.
  • Lithole tse ling. Sehlopheng sena, lerōle, maloanlahla, makumane, ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e hlahang ka lebaka la ho qeta.

Mefuta ena ea litšila e hlaha maemong a fapaneng a ts'ebetso ea kaho. Ho feta moo, lithōle li aroloa ho latela lisebelisoa:

  • lisebelisoa;
  • meaho ea konkreite;
  • li-block tsa konkreite tse matlafalitsoeng
  • khalase - e tiile, e robehile;
  • patsi;
  • likarolo tsa puisano, jj.

Mekhoa ea ho nchafatsa le ho lahla

Linaheng tse fapaneng, litšila tsa kaho li lahloa kapa li sebelisoa bocha hore li sebelisoe hape. Lisebelisoa ha li lula li khutlisetsoa boemong ba tsona ba pele. Ho latela sehlahisoa, e ka sebelisoa ho fumana lisebelisoa tse ling. Mohlala, ho matlafatsa tšepe, konkreite e sithabetseng e fumanoa ka konkreite e matlafalitsoeng, e tla ba molemo maemong a mang a kaho.

Ho tsoa nthong e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e nang le sekontiri, ho a khonahala ho fumana mastic ea bitumen-polymer, phofo ea bitumen, boima bo nang le liminerale le sekontiri. Kamora moo, likarolo tsena li sebelisoa haholo ho aheng litsela le ho etsa likarolo tse sireletsang moea.

Pele, lisebelisoa tse khethehileng li ne li bokella litšila libakeng tsa kaho, li li isa libakeng tsa litšila ebe li lahloa. Bakeng sa sena, ho ile ha sebelisoa baepolli, ba neng ba silakanya le ho lekanya litšila, mme hamorao litšila tse ling tsa li lahleloa. Hona joale ho sebelisoa hape hape ho sebelisoa lisebelisoa tsa sejoale-joale. Bakeng sa maqhubu a sithabetsang, ho sebelisoa likere tsa hydraulic kapa mochini o nang le hamore. Kamora moo, semela se sithabetsang se sebelisoa, se arolang likarolo ka likaroloana tse lakatsehang.

Kaha selemo se seng le se seng ho ba thata le ho feta ho senya litšila tsa kaho, hangata li nchafatsoa:

  • bokella;
  • isoa libakeng tsa ho lokisa limela;
  • hlopha;
  • hloekisa;
  • lokisetsa tšebeliso e eketsehileng.

Nts'etsopele ea indasteri linaheng tse fapaneng

Linaheng tsa Amerika Leboea le Europe, litšenyehelo tsa ho lahla litšila tsa kaho li phahame haholo ho feta kamoo li lahloang ka teng. Sena se khothaletsa lik'hamphani tsa kaho hore li se ke tsa bokella litšila matlapeng, empa li e sebelise ho fumana thepa ea bobeli e tala. Nakong e tlang, ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsena e tla fokotsa haholo tekanyetso, hobane theko ea eona e tlase ho feta thepa e ncha ea kaho.

Ka lebaka la sena, 90% ea litšila tsa kaho e sebelisoa bocha ho la Sweden, Holland le Denmark. Jeremane, ba boholong ba thibetse ho lahloa ha litšila libakeng tsa litšila. Sena se nolofalelitse ho fumana ts'ebeliso ea litšila tse sebelisitsoeng bocha. Karolo e kholo ea litšila tsa kaho e khutlisetsoa indastering ea kaho.

Tšebeliso ea bobeli

Ts'ebetsong hape ke tharollo e sebetsang bothateng ba litšila tsa kaho. Ha ho heletsoa meaho, letsopa, lejoe le sithabetseng, lehlabathe, litene tse pshatlehileng li sebelisoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa drainage le ho batalatsa libaka tse fapaneng. Lisebelisoa tsena li ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e fapaneng. Li boetse li sebelisetsoa ho etsa konkreite. Ho latela maemo a meaho, e ka sebelisoa ho batalatsa litsela. Ts'ebetso ena ea lisebelisoa e bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa linaha moo ho nang le likwari tse fokolang bakeng sa ho ntšoa ha lejoe.

Ha matlo a heletsoa, ​​sebaka se katiloeng ka sekontiri hangata sea tlosoa. Nakong e tlang, e sebelisetsoa ho etsa litsela tse ncha, tsela e katiloeng ka bo eona, le li-bevel, litšepe le mesamo.

Monyetla oa ho nchafatsa litšila ke o latelang:

  • ho boloka chelete ka theko ea thepa e ncha;
  • ho fokotsa bongata ba lithōle ka har'a naha;
  • ho fokotsa moroalo tikolohong.

Molaoana oa Tsamaiso ea Litšila tsa Kaho

Russia, ho na le molao oa tsamaiso bakeng sa taolo ea litšila tsa kaho. E khothalletsa polokeho ea tikoloho ebile e sireletsa tikoloho ea tlhaho liphellong tse mpe tsa litšila. Bakeng sa sena, rekoto ea taolo ea litšila ea bolokoa:

  • ke bokae bo bokelloang;
  • ke bokae bo rometsoeng ho ea sebetsoa;
  • bongata ba litšila bakeng sa ho sebelisoa bocha;
  • Na ho hloekisa le ho lahla litšila ho ile ha etsoa?

Mokhoa oa ho sebetsana le mekhahlelo eohle ea thepa ha oa lokela ho tseba lik'hamphani tsa kaho feela, empa le batho ba tloaelehileng ba etsang mesebetsi ea ho lokisa le kaho. Tikoloho ea polanete ea rona e ipapisitse le ho lahloa ha litšila tsa kaho, ka hona bongata ba tsona bo tlameha ho fokotsoa mme, ha ho khonahala, bo sebelisoe hape.

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