Mathata a tikoloho ea Kazakhstan

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Kazakhstan e bohareng ba Eurasia. Naha e na le moruo o tsoetseng pele hantle, empa mesebetsi ea ba bang, haholo likhoebo, likhoebo e amme boemo ba tikoloho hampe. Litaba tsa tikoloho li ke ke tsa hlokomolohuoa kaha sena se ka lebisa liphellong tse mpe.

Bothata ba ho fetoha ha naha lehoatata

Bothata bo boholo ka ho fetisisa tikolohong ea Kazakhstan ke ho fetoha ha naha lehoatata. Sena ha se etsahale feela libakeng tse ommeng le tse omeletseng, empa le libakeng tse ommeng haholo. Ts'ebetso ena e hlaha ka lebaka la lintlha tse latelang:

  • limela tse fokolang lefatšeng;
  • lera le sa tsitsang la mobu;
  • puso ea boemo ba leholimo bo hlabang ba kontinenteng;
  • mosebetsi oa anthropogenic.

Hajoale, lehoatata le ntse le etsahala ho 66% ea sebaka sa naha. Ka lebaka lena, Kazakhstan e maemong a pele maemong a linaha tse senyehileng mobu.

Tšilafalo ea moea

Joalo ka linaheng tse ling, le leng la mathata a mantlha a tikoloho ke tšilafalo ea moea ka lintho tse fapaneng tse kotsi:

  • chlorine;
  • mosi oa koloi;
  • nitric oxide;
  • sebabole dioxide;
  • likarolo tse ntšang mahlaseli a kotsi;
  • carbon monoxide.

Ho hema metsoako ena le lintho tse kotsi moeeng, batho ba ba le mafu a kang mofetše oa matšoafo le ho kula, mafu a kelello le methapo.

Litsebi li tlalehile hore boemo bo bobe ka ho fetesisa ba sepakapaka bo libakeng tse tsoetseng pele moruong - Pavlograd, Aksu le Ekibastuz. Mehloli ea tšilafalo ea sepakapaka ke likoloi le lisebelisoa tsa matla.

Tšilafalo ea Hydrosphere

Linoka tse kholo tsa 7 li phalla sebakeng sa Kazakhstan, ho na le matša a manyane le a maholo, hammoho le matamo. Mehloli ena eohle ea metsi e angoa ke tšilafalo, temo le phallo ea metsi malapeng. Ka lebaka la sena, likarolo tse kotsi le lintho tse chefo li kena ka metsing le lefatšeng. Naheng, bothata ba khaello ea metsi a hloekileng bo sa tsoa potlaka, kaha metsi a silafalitsoeng ke metsoako e chefo a fetoha a sa lokeleheng ho nooa. Ha se sebaka sa hoqetela se nang le bothata ba libaka tsa metsi tšilafalo ka lihlahisoa tsa oli. Li sitisa ho itlhoekisa ha linoka ebile li sitisa tšebetso ea lintho tse phelang.

Ka kakaretso, ho na le palo e kholo ea mathata a tikoloho Kazakhstan, mme re hlophisitse a maholo feela. Bakeng sa ho boloka tikoloho ea naha, ho hlokahala hore ho fokotsoe boemo ba tšusumetso ea motho ho biosphere, ho fokotsa mehloli ea tšilafalo le ho etsa liketso tsa tikoloho.

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