Letšoao la crabeater (Lobodon carcinophaga) ke la taelo ea Pinnipeds.
Kabo ea tiiso ea crabeater
Tiiso ea crabeater e fumanoa haholo lebopong le leqhoeng la Antarctica. Likhoeling tsa mariha, e hlaha lebopong la Amerika Boroa, Australia, Afrika Boroa, Tasmania, New Zealand le haufi le lihlekehleke tse fapaneng tse potileng Antarctica. Mariha, mokoloko o koahela lisekoere-mithara tse ka bang limilione tse 22. km.
Sebaka sa tiiso ea Crabeater
Litiiso tsa Crabeater li lula leqhoeng le haufi le metsi a hoamisang a potileng lefatše.
Matšoao a kantle a tiiso ea crabeater
Kamora 'molt oa lehlabula, litiiso tsa crabeater li ba le' mala o mosootho holimo, ebe e bobebe tlase. Matshwao a bosootho bo botsho a ka bonwa ka morao, a sootho bo bobebe ka mahlakoreng. Maphegwana a ka godimo ga mmele. Seaparo sena se fetoha butle ho ba mebala e khanyang ho pholletsa le selemo mme se batla se soeufala ka ho phethahala lehlabula. Ka hona, tiiso ea crabeater ka linako tse ling e bitsoa "white Antarctic seal". E na le dinko tse telele le mmele o mosesane ha o bapiswa le mefuta e meng ya ditiiso. Tse tshehadi di feta tse tona hanyane, ka bolelele ba mmele e ka ba disenthimithara tse 216 ho isa ho 241. Tse tona di na le bolelele ba mmele ho tloha ho 203 cm ho isa ho 241 cm.
Litiiso tsa Crabeater hangata li na le mabali a malelele mahlakoreng a 'mele ea tsona. Mohlomong ba ile ba lahloa ke lira tsa bona tsa mantlha - mangau a leoatleng.
Meno a tiiso ea crabeater ha a tšoane ebile "a thata ho feta batho ba jang nama." Ho na le manonyeletso a 'maloa leino le leng le le leng, le likheo lipakeng, tse kenang ka hare ho leino. Manonyeletso a mantlha a meno a hodimo le a tlase a kopana hantle ka ho lekana. Ha tiiso ea crabeater e koala molomo, ho sala likheo feela lipakeng tsa li-tubercles. Ho loma hona ke mofuta oa sefe e hlatsoang krill - lijo tsa mantlha.
Ho tsoala tiiso - crabeater
Litiiso tsa Crabeater li tsoalloa leqhoeng le potileng Antarctica Karolong e ka Boroa ea Lefatše nakong ea selemo, ho tloha ka Mphalane ho isa ho Tshitwe. Ho tlolelana ha liphoofolo ho etsahala masimong a leqhoa, eseng metsing. E tšehali e tsoala namane ka likhoeli tse 11. Ho tloha ka Loetse, o khetha leqhoa leo a pepang ho lona ebe o fepa lesea le le leng. E tona e ikopanya le e tšehali sebakeng se khethiloeng nakoana pele kapa hang kamora ho tsoala. E sireletsa e tshehadi le lesea le sa tsoa tsoaloa ho lira le tse ling tse tona tse hlaselang sebaka se khethiloeng. Litiiso tse nyane li tsoaloa li le boima bo ka bang lik'hilograma tse 20 mme li nona kapele nakong ea phepo, li fumana lik'hilograma tse ka bang 4.2 ka letsatsi. Ka nako ena, e tšehali ha e tlohele bana ba eona, haeba e tsamaea, joale malinyane a mo latela hanghang.
Litiiso tse nyane li emisa ho fepa lebese la 'm'a tsona ha a le libeke tse ka bang tharo. Ha ho hlake hore na ke mekhoa efe ea 'mele e sebetsang' meleng ka boeona, empa tlhahiso ea lebese la hae ea fokotseha, 'me tiiso e nyane e qala ho phela ka thoko. E tona e hodileng e itshwara ka tsela e mabifi ho e tshehadi nakong yohle ya diabolololo. O itšireletsa ka ho loma molala le mahlakore. Kamora ho fepa malinyane, e tšehali e theola boima ba 'mele, boima ba eona bo batla bo le halofo, ka hona e ke ke ea khona ho itšireletsa hantle. O qala ho amohela thobalano nakoana kamora ho khoesoa.
Litiiso tsa Crabeater li hola lipakeng tsa lilemo tse 3 le 4, 'me tse tšehali li tsoala malinyane li le lilemo li 5,' me li phela lilemo tse 25.
Boitšoaro ba tiiso ea Crabeater
Litiiso tsa Crabeater ka linako tse ling li theha lihlopha tse kholo tsa lihlooho tse fihlang ho 1000, empa, e le molao, li tsoma ka bonngoe kapa ka lihlopha tse nyane. Li qoela haholo-holo bosiu 'me ka karolelano li qoela ka 143 ka letsatsi. Hang ha e le ka metsing, litiiso tsa crabeater li lula ka metsing hoo e ka bang khafetsa bakeng sa lihora tse ka bang 16.
Tikolohong ea metsing, tsena ke liphoofolo tse mahlahahlaha le tse thata tse sesang, tse qoelang, tse fallang le ho etsa liteko tsa ho qoela li batla lijo.
Li-dives tse ngata li etsahala ha li ntse li tsamaea, li nka bonyane motsotso o le mong 'me li etsoa botebo ba limithara tse 10. Ha e fepa, liqibi tsa crabeater li qoela butle ho fihla ho limithara tse 30, haeba li fepa motšehare.
Li qoela ka ho teba ka shoalane. Sena se ka etsahala hore ebe se ipapisitse le kabo ea krill. Li-dives tsa liteko li etsoa botebo ho tseba hore na lijo li fumaneha joang. Litiiso tsa Crabeater li sebelisa masoba a leqhoa a entsoeng ke litiiso tsa Weddell bakeng sa ho hema. Ba boetse ba leleka litiiso tse nyane tsa Weddell hole le masoba ana.
Qetellong ea lehlabula, litiiso tsa crabeater li fallela leboea ha leqhoa le hoama. Tsena ke li-pinniped tse ngata tse tsamaeang, li fallela lik'hilomithara tse makholo. Ha litiiso li shoa, li bolokiloe hantle, joalo ka "li-mummies" leqhoeng le lebopong la Antarctica. Boholo ba litiiso, leha ho le joalo, li atleha ho etela leboea, ho fihla lihlekehlekeng tsa leoatle, Australia, Amerika Boroa esita le Afrika Boroa.
Litiiso tsa Crabeater ke mohlomong li-pinnipp tse lebelo ka ho fetesisa tse tsamaeang mobung ka lebelo ho fihla ho 25 km / h. Ha li matha ka lebelo, li phahamisetsa lihlooho tsa tsona holimo 'me li sisinya lihlooho ho tloha ka lehlakoreng le leng ho ea ka tumellano le metsamao ea noka. Maphegwana a ka pele a sepela ka go fapafapana gare ga lehlwa, mola maphegwana a ka morago a dula fase gomme a sepela mmogo.
Lijo tsa tiiso ea makhala
Lebitso la litiiso tsa crabeater ha lea nepahala, 'me ha ho na bopaki ba hore li-pinnipeds li ja makhala. Lijo tse ka sehloohong ke Antarctic krill mme mohlomong le tse ling tse se nang lesapo la mokokotlo. Li-crabeater li sesa ka bongata ba krill melomo ea eona e butsoe, e anya metsi, ebe e sefa lijo tsa eona ka meno e khethehileng. Litlhokomelo tsa bophelo ba litiiso tsa crabeater botlamuoeng li bonts'itse hore li ka monya litlhapi melomong ea tsona ho tloha bohole ba lisenthimithara tse 50. Phofu e joalo e kholo ka boholo ho feta krill, ka hona, sebakeng sa bona sa tlhaho, litiiso tsa crabeater li ka anya krill ho tloha hole haholo.
Di rata ho ja dihlapi tse nyane, tse ka tlase ho disenthimithara tse 12, ebe di di metsa kaofela, ho fapana le mefuta e meng ya diqibi, e tabolang phofu ya yona ka meno pele e e metsa. Nakong ea sehla sa mariha, ha krill e fumanoa haholo mekoting le mahaheng, litiiso tsa crabeater li fumana lijo libakeng tsena tseo ho leng thata ho fihla ho tsona.
Se boleloang ke motho
Litiiso tsa Crabeater li lula libakeng tseo ho leng thata ho li fihlela ho batho, ka hona ha li kopane le batho. Bacha ba bonolo ho thapisoa le ho koetlisoa, ka hona ba tšoasoa bakeng sa libaka tsa liphoofolo, metsing a leoatle le liserekising, haholo-holo lebopong la Afrika Boroa. Litiiso tsa Crabeater li senya lihlapi tsa leoatleng ka ho ja krill ea Antarctic, kaha ke lijo tsa mantlha bakeng sa li-crabeater.
Boemo ba paballo ea tiiso ea crabeater
Litiiso tsa Crabeater ke mefuta e mengata ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng e nang le liphini tse nang le palo e hakanyetsoang ea limilione tse 15-40. Kaha sebaka sa bolulo se hole haholo le libaka tsa indasteri, ka hona, mathata a ho boloka mefuta ena ha a ea toba. Lik'hemik'hale tse kotsi tse kang DDT li fumanoe ho li-crabeater bathong ba bang. Ntle le moo, haeba ho ts'oasa litlhapi tsa krill ho ntse ho tsoela pele maoatleng a Antarctic, ho tla ba le bothata ba ho fepa litiiso tsa crabeater, hobane mehloli ea lijo e ka fokotseha haholo. Mofuta ona o khetholloa e le o sa tšoenyeheng.
