Mohatla o majabajaba le seaparo se ruileng sa boea ke matšoao a khanyang a phokojoe ea polar. Phoofolo ena e ntle e boetse e bitsoa phokojoe ea polar, ka lebaka la ho tšoana ha eona ka ntle. Empa ka nako e ts'oanang, phokojoe ea Arctic e thathamisitsoe e le mofuta o arohaneng, o kenyelletsang mofuta o le mong feela.
Tlhaloso: mefuta le li-subspecies tsa phokojoe ea Arctic
Phoofolo e ntle Phokojoe ea Arctic e lekana ka boholo le phokojoe e khubelu... 'Mele oa eona o bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse mashome a mahlano ho isa ho mashome a supileng a metso e mehlano. Mohatla o batla o le halofo ea bolelele ba 'mele oa phokojoe ea Arctic. Ha e le boima ba 'mele - lehlabuleng, phoofolo e fihla ho li-kilogramme tse' ne ho isa ho tse tšeletseng, ka boemo ba leholimo bo batang, boima ba eona bo eketseha ka likilogeramo tse hlano ho isa ho tse tšeletseng.
Leha ho le joalo, ka chebo ea mahlo, ponahalo ea kantle ea phokojoe, phokojoe ea arctic e na le litsebe tse chitja 'me mariha li bonahala li le khuts'oane ka lebaka la kobo e tenya. Empa hlabula li hlahella, li shebahala li le kholo ho feta. Sefahleho sa phoofolo se khuts'oane ebile se supa hanyane. Hape, maoto a hae a squat mme a koahetsoe ke mekotla e metenya ea boea.
Hoa thahasellisa!Liphokojoe tsa Arctic li khetholloa ka kutlo ea kutlo ea monko le kutlo e ntlehali, athe mahlo a tsona ha a matle ka ho fetesisa. Mme, ehlile, motho a ke ke a hloleha ho hlokomela botle bo hlollang ba boea bo teteaneng ba phoofolo. Na o ka fumana ntho e joalo hara lintja-'moho le eena, hara liphokojoe tse tšoanang?
Karolo e 'ngoe e ikhethang ea phokojoe ea Arctic ha e bapisoa le litho tse ling tsa lelapa la eona ke phetoho e hlakileng ea linako tsa selemo ka' mala: molt e hlaha makhetlo a 2 ka selemo. Ho na le mefuta e 'meli e meholo ea' mala oa phokojoe ea 'mala - e putsoa le tšoeu. Ka sehla se futhumetseng, baki ea hae e ba bosootho bo boputsoa kapa bo bofubelu ka 'mala o motšo, ka ho qala ha nako e batang,' mala o fetoha ka mokhoa o makatsang - phokojoe e putsoa e apara seaparo se bosootho se koahelang ka buluu, 'me phokojoe e tšoeu - e tšoeu e lehloa.
Mariha a ama boleng ba boea. Haeba lehlabula la phokojoe ea Arctic e tšesaane, matla a eona a eketseha makhetlo a 'maloa ka ho qala ha serame sa pele: seaparo se ba se teteaneng haholo ho pholletsa le' mele oa phoofolo, ho kenyeletsoa le mohatla.
Sebaka
Boholo ba phokojoe ea Arctic e batla e le North Pole kaofela. Liphoofolo ha li lule kae kapa kae. Ba ile ba nka lintho tse majabajaba ho ea Amerika Leboea, ba lula New Land. Libaka tsa bona ke lihlekehleke tsa Canada, Aleutian, Komandorskie, lihlekehleke tsa Pribylova le tse ling, ho kenyeletsoa le Leboea la Eurasia. Liphokojoe tse putsoa li rata lihlekehleke, ha liphoofolo tse tšoeu li fumaneha haholo-holo naheng. Ho feta moo, Karolong e ka Leboea ea Lefatše, tikolohong ea lithaba, phokojoe ea Arctic e nkuoa e le eona feela phoofolo e jang nama. Esita le leqhoa le hoholehang leoatleng le batang ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng le Arctic ha se mokhelo. Phokojoe ea mabothobotho e bonojoana e benyang e kenella botebong ba North Pole.
Hangata, ha ho falla ha mariha ho qala, liphoofolo li ea holim'a leqhoa ebe li tloha lebopong sebaka se setle, ka linako tse ling li feta lik'hilomithara tse makholo. Bafuputsi-bo-rasaense ho tlalehiloe taba ea ho tsamaea ha phokojoe e "tšoailoeng" ea likilomitara tse likete tse hlano! Phoofolo e ile ea qala leeto la eona ho tloha Taimyr mme ea fihla Alaska, moo e ileng ea tšoaroa teng.
Mokgwa wa bophelo
Mariha bakeng sa liphokojoe tsa Arctic ke nako ea bo-hloma-u-hlomole, ha liphoofolo li tsamaea libaka tse telele ho ea fumana lijo. Empa ha ho ka etsahala, ba iketsetsa lehaha la bolulo sekoahelong sa lehloa. Ha ba robala ho eona, ha ba utloe letho: o ka ba haufi le bona. Ha li ntse li batla lijo, liphoofolo tsena tse ntle li kopana le libere tsa polar. Empa ha lehlabula le fihla, phokojoe ea Arctic e thabela bophelo bo mabothobotho sebakeng se le seng. O lula le ba lelapa la hae, ho kenyeletsoa basali ba banyane, basali, e tona ka boeena le masea a selemo sa hajoale, setšeng se nang le sebaka sa lisekoere-mithara tse peli ho isa ho tse mashome a mararo. Ha e le hantle, lelapa la phokojoe la Arctic le lula ka thoko, empa ho na le linyeoe ha lelapa le leng le lula haufi, mme esita le karolo ea boraro, e theha kolone eohle. Liphoofolo li buisana ka mokhoa oa ho bohola... Ha boemo ba leholimo bo bata, libaka tse joalo lia qhaloa.
Lijo: likarolo tsa ho tsoma liphokojoe Arctic
Liphokojoe tsa Arctic ha li khetholloe ka ho ba kotsi, ho fapana le hoo, li hlokolosi nakong ea ho tsoma. Ka nako e ts'oanang, e le ho ts'oasa phofu, li bonts'a bohlale, mamello esita le boikakaso. Haeba sebata se ba seholo ho feta phoofolo e tseleng, le sona ha se potlakele ho thunya. Ka nakoana o tloha pejana, ebe o khetha motsotso o loketseng mme o fumana seo a se batlang. Ho ea ka litsebi tsa baeloji, liphoofolo tse li jang ka bobona li ikokobelletsa boteng ba phokojoe ea Arctic, ke phofu ea tsona feela e ke keng ea li mamella. Ka hona, ke sebaka se tloaelehileng ka tlhaho: phofu e jeoang ke bere e le har'a liphokojoe tse ngata tsa Arctic.
Haeba ho se na ho tsoma liphoofolo sebakeng seo, liphokojoe tsa Arctic ha li tšabe ho atamela matlo a batho, 'me ha li lapile li utsoa lijo melikong, lintja tse ruuoang lapeng. Ho na le linyeoe tse tsebahalang tsa ho thapisa phokojoe ea Arctic, ha phoofolo ka sebete e nka lijo matsohong a eona, e bapala le liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng.
Ha li tsoma, liphokojoe tsa Arctic li iponahatsa ka litsela tse fapaneng. Ba ka fumana lijo ka mafolofolo kapa ba khotsofalla "lehetla la monghali", ke hore, ba ja setopo kapa ba ja masalla a lijo tsa motho e mong. Ke ka lebaka leo, maemong a leholimo a batang, phokojoe ea Arctic e fetohang "motsoalle" oa bere libeke tse felletseng - ho molemo, o ke ke oa hlola o lapa.
Li-lemmings ke liphofu tse ka sehloohong tsa liphokojoe tsa Arctic mariha.... Liphoofolo li li fumana tlas'a lehloa. Ha ho fihla mofuthu, liphokojoe tsa Arctic li tsoma linonyana: li-partundges tse tšoeu le tse tšoeu, likhantši, liphooko tse polar, linonyana tse fapaneng tse fapaneng le lihlaha tsa tsona. Hang ha setsomi se atamela phofu ea sona hanyane, ho lla siren ka sebopeho sa mokotlana oa likhantši tse tšoeu "ea qala". E le ho thetsa linonyana hore ebe li falimehile, phokojoe ea Arctic e ea tsoma hammoho le e 'ngoe. Mme, ha a se a fihletse litsuonyana kapa mahe, sebatana se mano se ea le samente ka hohle kamoo se ka lekanang ho sona. Phokojoe e fumana lijo eseng feela ho khotsofatsa tlala ka nakoana. Joaloka mong'a chelete, o boetse o fana ka thepa - o pata nonyana, litoeba, litlhapi fatše kapa o li romela ka tlas'a leqhoa.
Lehlabuleng, phokojoe ea Arctic e fetoha halofo ea batho ba jang nama feela, ba ja algae, litlama le monokotšoai. E phaila lebopong la leoatle mme e nka tse lahliloeng ke leoatle - starfish, tlhapi, li-urchin tsa leoatle, mesaletsa ea litlhapi tse kholo, li-walrus, liqibi. Palo le bophelo ba liphokojoe tsa Arctic ka kotloloho ho latela lijo tsa tsona tsa mantlha - lilamunu. Ho bile le linyeoe ha ho ne ho e-na le palo e nyane ea lilakane, mme ka lebaka lena, liphokojoe tse ngata li ile tsa bolaoa ke tlala. Mme, ho fapana le moo, ho qhotsoa ha liphokojoe tsa Arctic ho eketseha makhetlo a mangata haeba ho na le litoeba tse ngata.
Ho ikatisa
Pele li fumana bana, liphokojoe tsa Arctic li iketsetsa likoti. Mobu o hoammeng ho isa botebo ba mitha, sena ha se bonolo haholo. Sebaka sa ntlo se lula se khethoa libakeng tse phahameng, hobane likhohola tse nang le metsi a qhibilihang li ka lebelloa libakeng tse bataletseng. Joale, haeba koena e futhumetse ebile e loketse ho ikatisa, e ka fetisoa ho tloha molokong o mong ho ea ho o mong ka lilemo tse mashome a mabeli! Haeba koena ea khale e lahloa, ho hahoa e ncha kae kae haufi le "ho hokelloa" ntlong ea baholo-holo. Kahoo, lits'oants'o tse felletseng tse nang le menyako e 60 kapa ho feta lia thehoa. Nako e feta 'me liphokojoe tsa arctic li ka khutlela mekoting ea tsona ea khale, tsa nchafatsa le ho qala ho phela ho tsona. Bafuputsi ba baeloji ba sibollotse li-labyrinths tse joalo tsa liphokojoe tse polar, tse sebelisitsoeng ke liphoofolo ka lilemo tse fetang lekholo.
Ho etsa hore phoofolo le bana ba eona ba phutholohe ho lula mohohlong, sebaka se khethoa eseng leralleng feela, mobung o bonolo, empa hape le har'a majoe a hlokahalang bakeng sa ts'ireletso.
Ka Mmesa, nako ea ho ikatisa bakeng sa liphokojoe tsa Arctic e qala. Liphoofolo tse ling lia nyalana, ha tse ling li khetha manyalo a sethepu. Ha e tšehali e le mochesong, ho loanoa lipakeng tsa tse tona tse loantšanang. Kahoo, ba lebisa tlhokomelo ea mokhethoa ho bona. Ho bapala ka maikutlo a lerato ho ka etsahala ka tsela e 'ngoe hape: e tona e matha ka pel'a e tšehali ka lesapo, thupa kapa ntho e' ngoe e meno a eona.
Boimana ba phokojoe e tšehali ea basali e nka likhoeli tse ka tlase ho tse peli. mme ke matsatsi a mashome a mane a metso e robong ho isa ho mashome a mahlano a metso e ts'eletseng. Ha mme ea moimana a utloa hore haufinyane o tla beleha, ka libeke tse 2 o qala ho lokisa matlo bakeng sa sena, o cheka mink, o hloekisa makhasi. E ka konyana tlas'a sehlahla haeba, ka lebaka le itseng, e se na mink e loketseng. Haeba selemo se ne se lapile, ho ka ba le liphokojoe tse 'ne kapa tse hlano tse nyane ka matlakala. Ha tsohle li lokile, malinyane a robeli ho isa ho a robong a hlaha. Rekoto e ka ba mashome a mabeli! Haeba ho ka etsahala hore malinyane a lule e le likhutsana mekoting e haufi, a tla lula a amoheloa ke moahisani oa mosali.
Hoa thahasellisa!Hangata liphokojoe tse tšoeu li tsoala malinyane a apereng seaparo se koahelang, le tse putsoa tse nang le boea bo sootho.
Hoo e ka bang libeke tse leshome, masea a fepa lebese la 'mè,' me feela ka mor'a hore a fihle libeke tse tharo ho isa ho tse 'nè, liphokojoe tsa Arctic li qala ho tloha ka mokoting. Batsoali ka bobeli ba nka karolo ho holiseng le ho fepeng bana. Selemong se le seng, malinyane a phokojoe ea Arctic a se a le batho ba baholo. Liphokojoe tsa Arctic li phela lilemo tse ka bang tse tšeletseng ho isa ho tse leshome.
Lintho tse kotsi: mokhoa oa ho pholoha phokojoe ea polar
Leha e le hore phokojoe ea Arctic ke sebatana, e boetse e na le lira. Wolverines e ka mo tsoma. O ka fetoha phofu ea liphiri, lintja tsa raccoon. Phoofolo e boetse e tšaba linonyana tse kholo tse jang liphoofolo, joalo ka ntsu ea ntsu, sephooko se nang lehloa, skua, ntsu e mohatla o mosoeu, ntsu ea khauta, jj.
Liphokojoe tsa Arctic li shoa ka lebaka la mafu a fapaneng - distemper, encephalitis ea arctic, rabies, mafu a fapaneng. Ho felloa ke tšabo ka lebaka la ho kula, phoofolo e nka qeto ea ho hlasela liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo tse kholo, batho, likhama, lintja. Ka linako tse ling phokojoe e karolong e ka boroa ea naha ena e ka qala ho itoma 'mele oa eona, qetellong ea shoa ke ho longoa ke eona.
Nakong e fetileng, batho ba ne ba tsoma phokojoe ea arctic ka lebaka la seaparo sa eona se setle sa boea, se lebisitseng ho fokotseheng ha palo ea phoofolo. Ka hona, kajeno nako ea ho tsoma e laoloa ka thata. Ka lebaka la ho thapisoa habonolo ha phoofolo, liphokojoe tsa Arctic joale li tsoaletsoe botlamuoeng, 'me Finland le Norway ke baetapele ba taba ena.
