Ntja ke ea lelapa la Canidae, hammoho le liphoofolo tse kang phokojoe, phokojoe, phiri le phiri, e amang litšobotsi tsa boitšoaro ba phoofolo e joalo ea lapeng. Sebopeho sa ntja efe kapa efe ka kotloloho e latela litšobotsi tsa mofuta le lefutso, empa thuto le boikoetliso bo nang le boiphihlelo le tsona ha li bohlokoa hakaalo.
Liphatsa tsa lefutso kapa botsoali
Lintja tsohle li fapane haholo ka semelo.... Le botho kapa litšobotsi tse typological phoofolo ikemiselitse ka dikarolo tse tharo tsa sehlooho:
- litšobotsi tsa lefutso;
- matšoao a botho;
- boima ba likarolo tsa typological.
Hoa thahasellisa! Ho ea ka litsebi, ho kopana ha litšobotsi tsa mofuta oa ntja haholo ho latela litšobotsi tsa leano la khetho ea liphoofolo le amohetsoeng mofuteng ka mong, empa maemong a mangata lintja tsohle li mosa ebile li sekametse ho batho ka botlalo.
Lintho tse thathamisitsoeng ha li itšetlehe ka kotloloho ho tse ling, ka hona lintja tse lihlong ha se hakaalo hore li na le mamello ebile li nahanela bohloko, 'me liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng tse sebete le tse ikemetseng ha se kamehla li leng matla ebile li sa tsotelle bohloko. Ho na le palo e kholo ea metsoako e joalo le likarolo tsa eona tse matla, ka hona o ka nka qeto ka khetho ea mofuta o itseng oa ntja.
Khetho ea mefuta bakeng sa morero
Ha u khetha mofuta oa ntja, ho bohlokoa hore o shebane le ts'ebetso ea phoofolo e joalo ea lapeng ka lapeng:
- molebeli le mosireletsi;
- molekane oa mesebetsi ea ho tsamaea kapa ea lipapali;
- motsoalle le mothusi oa batšoasi ba litlhapi / litsomi;
- ts'ehetso ea monga eona kapa phoofolo ea lapeng.
Mefuta ea lintja tse sebelisoang e le mokhoa oa ho itlosa bolutu e nkuoa ka thoko. Liphoofolo tse joalo tsa lapeng li nka karolo lipontšong, ho ikatiseng le ntlafatsong ea litšobotsi tsa mefuta. Ho bohlokoa ho hopola hore haeba boiketlo ba koetliso e le ntho ea mantlha, ho bohlokoa hore o khethe collie kapa molisa oa Jeremane, mme ho bohlokoa hore ba qalang ba qobe ho fumana lintja tse nang le sebopeho se rarahaneng se khelohileng, ho kenyeletsoa Chow Chow kapa Ntja ea Thaba ea Bernese.
Mefuta ea ho tsoma lintja
Lethathamong la ngoliso ea machabeng ea FCI, mefuta ea ho tsoma e lula lihlopheng tse tšeletseng ho tse leshome tse fumanehang, mme palo ea tsona e feta makholo a mane, e bonts'ang botumo le tlhoko. Mefuta e ikhethang e etselitsoe ho ts'oasa ho cheka le liphoofolo tse hlaha, hammoho le linonyana.
Hoa thahasellisa! Joalokaha tloaelo ea ho ikatisa lintja e bontša, mefuta e meng e ka kopana ka botlalo ho eona, ehlile, eseng kaofela, empa karolo ea bohlokoa ea mesebetsi ea mantlha.
Ntja ea mofuta oa ho tsoma e hloka koetliso e tlamang e nang le boiphihlelo le maeto a lekaneng. E le molao, mefuta e joalo e thata haholo ho utloana ka foleteng e nyane, e leng ka lebaka la tlhoko ea ho boloka boikoetliso. Lihlopha tse kopanyang mefuta ea ho tsoma li emeloa ke:
- Greyhounds, ho kenyeletsoa Afghan Hound, Azawakh, Greyhound, Deerhound, Greyhound, Russian Hound, Whippet le Pharaoh's Hound;
- Ho tsuba;
- Ho khutlisa;
- Likes, ho kenyelletsa Finnish Spitz, West Siberia, Russia-European, Karelian, Yakutsk le East Siberian Laika, hammoho le Norway Elkhound kapa Elk Dog le Karelian Bear Dog;
- Ho supa;
- Masepanishe a kenyeletsang Hunting Spaniel ea Russia, English Cocker Spaniel, American Cocker Spaniel, Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, Erect-eared Papillon, Hanging-eared Phalena, Tibetan Spaniel, Welsh Springer Spaniel, Epanyol Breton le Clare;
- Wolfhounds;
- Litšitiso;
- Tekesi.
Ha u khetha mofuta oa ho tsoma, ho hlokahala hore u nahane ka litšobotsi tsa bohale ba ntja, hammoho le sepheo sa eona. Li-terriers le li-dachshunds ke lintja tse boholo bo mahareng tse kholo ho lekana ho tsoma phoofolo e kotang. Lintja tse tsomang, hammoho le li-terriers tse kholo, li sebetsa liphoofolong tse kholo le tse nyane, li khanna phofu ho litsomi kapa ho e tšoara le ho e bolaea.
Mefuta ea hound e ka ba track le hound... Khetho ea bobeli ke ea sehlopha sa lintja tse nang le lithunya, tse khonang ho lekola le ho tlisa phoofolo e bolailoeng. Ho latela mokhoa oa mosebetsi, lintja tse joalo li ka sebelisoa libakeng tse bulehileng kapa kholo e teteaneng, le metsing. Ho na le mefuta eohle ea merero e tsomang metsing le mobung.
Hoa thahasellisa! Li-Bigleys, Basset Hounds, Bloodhounds, Dalmatia, Rhodesian Ridgebacks, English Foxhounds, hounds ea Finland le Australia le Drevers li ratoa haholo ke litsomi.
Lintja bakeng sa lelapa le leholo
Joalokaha tloaelo e bontša, mofuta oa lintja oa "lelapa" ha o eo hajoale. Leha ho le joalo, ho ea ka bo-ralitlhahi ba nang le boiphihlelo le litsebi, lintja tsa mefuta e latelang li loketse lelapa le leholo haholo:
- Newfoundlands - lintja tse kholo le tse matla, tse loketseng ho boloka lelapa le nang le bana ba banyenyane. Melemo ea mofuta ona: tlhaho e ntle, boinehelo bo se nang moeli le mamello. Mefokolo ea tsoalo: seaparo se teteaneng le boholo bo boholo haholo;
- Papillone - lintja tsa litoropo tsa malapa tse nyane tse sa hlokeng maemo a bophelo mme li loketse bana. Melemo ea mofuta ona: matla le bohlale, hammoho le boits'oaro bo thabileng. Ho holofala ha 'mele:' mele o fokolang, o tloaetseng ho fumana likotsi tse mpe nakong ea papali e sa tsotelleng le bana;
- Li-retrie tsa khauta Ka nepo ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e metle ka ho fetisisa ea ntja ea lelapa, e loketseng bana ba banyenyane le bacha. Melemo ea mofuta ona: lerato le boinehelo bo hlollang, motsoako o motle oa bohlale le boikoetliso. Mefokolo ea tsoalo: khaello e felletseng ea litšoaneleho tsa molebeli;
- Likolobe - lintja tse tšepahalang le tse tšepahalang. Motsoalle ea joalo oa lelapa o na le boholo bo nyane, hammoho le sefahleho se sa tloaelehang le se qabolang. Melemo ea mofuta ona: ho tletleba le khutso, hammoho le mosa le ts'ebetso e lekaneng. Likotsi tsa mefuta: ho hloka tlhokomelo tlhokomelong le khetho e nepahetseng ea lijo;
- Ho fumana hape Labrador Ke lintja tsa malapa tse tsebahalang haholo Amerika. Mofuta ona o sebelisana hantle le bana ba lilemo tsohle, 'me hajoale ke e' ngoe ea lintja tse sebetsang ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng. Melemo ea tsoalo: botsoalle le botšepehi, cheseho le katleho, le boitelo bo makatsang. Mefokolo ea tlhaho: e batla e le sieo ka botlalo;
- Dachshunds - Hoa makatsa hore ebe e tsebahalang lintja tsa Europe, tse nang le kelello e phetseng hantle le tsebo, hammoho le boitšoaro bo thibetsoeng tikolohong e sa tloaelehang. Melemo ea mofuta ona: ponahalo ea mantlha le e khahlehang, boits'oaro bo mosa le botsoalle ho ba bang. Likotsi tsa mefuta: tlhoko ea ho fana ka tlhokomelo le phepo e nepahetseng;
- Li-Basset Hounds - "lintja tsa lelapa" tse khahlisang le tse mosa haholo, tse khetholloang ke boikoetliso bo tlase, bohlale bo potlakileng le botšepehi bo makatsang. Melemo ea mofuta ona: botsoalle ho ba bang, ha ho na tlhoko ea ho fana ka boikoetliso bo phahameng le bo sa feleng. Likotsi tsa Mefuta: Ha e tšoanelehe bakeng sa malapa a nang le khetho ea bophelo bo mafolofolo.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, lintja tsa malapa tse kang Border Collie li se li tumme haholo linaheng tse ngata. Leha ho le joalo, Rough Collies ha e tšoanelehe hantle bakeng sa malapa a nang le bana ba banyenyane haholo, ka hona hangata a rekeloa bacha.
Lintja tse tsamaeang le uena
Hangata, lintja tse tsamaeang le tsona li fumanoa ke batho ba tsofetseng le ba jeoang ke bolutu ba hlokang motsoalle ea tšepahalang le ea tšepahalang. Tabeng ena, phoofolo ea lapeng ke motsoalle oa moea, hammoho le momameli ea mamelang le ea sa tsotelleng, e nang le phello e ntle mokokotlong oa maikutlo oa motho. Ha u khetha mofuta oa motsoalle oa ntja, ho hlokahala hore u nahane ka boits'oaro le boikoetliso ba 'mele eseng feela phoofolo ea lapeng, empa le mong'a eona ea ka bang teng, hammoho le boemo ba bona ba maikutlo.
- Pug - mofuta oa boholo bo mahareng, o loketseng ntlo e nyane ea toropo. Lintja tse joalo ha li hloke tlhokomelo e rarahaneng ebile li khetha lijo. Ka lebaka la semelo sa bona se setle le se bulehileng haholo, li-pugs li khona ho sebelisana hantle le batho;
- Senyesemane cocker spaniel - mofuta o tla ba khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa batho ba tlohetseng mosebetsi ka mafolofolo kapa batho ba masoha ba latelang bophelo bo botle. Phoofolo e joalo ea lapeng ka thabo e kholo e tsamaea le mong'a eona maetong a ho tsamaea le ho palama baesekele. Ba-Spaniel ba khetholloa ka ho hlasimoloha le ho ba le maikutlo a matle, hape ba khona ho lefisa mong'a bona maikutlo a matle haholo, a bakiloeng ke maikutlo a poteletseng le tlhokomelo;
- Spitz ea Jeremane - mofuta o nang le botsoalle le tlhaho e bonolo, o ikamahanya ka potlako le liphetoho tikolohong. Spitz e tšoauoa ka bohlale ba ho potlaka, tlhokomelo e ntle le bohlale bo phahameng haholo.
Metsoalle e tšoanelehang bakeng sa mong'a ntlo ea lutseng butle ea ratang ho tsamaea butle e tla ba Pekingese, Shih Tzu le Lhasa Apso, tse tsebahalang ka boholo ba tsona bo bonyenyane, boipuso le ho se bone letho.
Hoa thahasellisa! Ho ea ka maikutlo a batho ba nang le boiphihlelo ba ho sebetsana le lintja, mefuta e ikokobelitseng le e boholo bo mahareng, ho kenyeletsoa le Maldese lapdog, Pekingese, Boston Terrier le Scotch Terrier, le tsona li ka nkuoa e le lintja tse tsamaeang hantle.
Mefuta ea lintja tse lebelang
Litšobotsi tsa ntja ea ho lebela li khethoa ke lintlha tse peli tsa mantlha: litšoaneleho tsa mefuta le lenaneo la koetliso. Mefuta e tsebahalang haholo ea balebeli e kenyelletsa:
- Ntja ea Molisa ea Caucasus;
- Ntja ea Molisa ea Boroa Russia;
- Ntja ea molisa ea Asia bohareng;
- Molebeli oa Moscow;
- Dogo Argentino;
- Molisa oa Jeremane;
- Rottweiler;
- Bullmastiff;
- Doberman.
Re lokela ho hlokomela hore mefuta efe kapa efe ea nako ea ho shebella e na le sebopeho se mabifi, ka hona, e hloka botsoalle le koetliso ea pele.
Tloaelo ea lintja e tsoa kae?
Haeba mong'a ntja a sa "hlalose" boitšoaro bo amohelehang ho phoofolo ea hae ea lapeng ka koetliso, ntja e leka ho ithuta ka lefatše le mo potileng ka bo eona, ka liteko le liphoso. Bongata ba mathata a boits'oaro a ea fela ha phoofolo ea lapeng e ntse e hola ebe e amohela melao kapa litlhokahalo tse fapaneng. Mekhoa e metle le e mebe e ipapisitse le mofuta oa ntja ea bohale.
Mekhoa e metle
Lintja tsa Sanguine li na le mofuta o bonolo ka ho fetisisa oa ho li boloka. Liphoofolo tse ruuoang joalo li na le khutso, li ikamahanya kapele le liphetoho tse teng tikolohong, hape li khetholloa ka maikutlo a lekanang ho liphoofolo tse ling le bana. Ntja e sanguine e khona ho sebetsana ka katleho le khatello ea maikutlo mme e na le sistimi ea methapo e leka-lekaneng haholo.
Lintja tsa cholera li na le letsoalo le phahameng ho feta liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng tsa mofuta oa sanguine. Liphoofolo tse joalo li mafolofolo haholo, li khona ho sebetsana hanghang hanghang le tšusumetso efe kapa efe e kantle. E le molao, ho thata ho ruta ntja ea choleric ka lebaka la matla a sa fetoheng le boemo bo phahameng bo sa lekaneng ba mahloriso. Ho kgothaletswa ho khetha liphoofolo tse nang le bohale ba choleric bakeng sa batho ba mafolofolo haholo.
Mekhoa e mebe
Lintja tsa phlegmatic li na le khutso ebile li bonolo, li khona ho mamella meroalo e meholo ebile li tšoara bana hantle, empa ho thata ho ithuta 'me hangata li na le litloaelo tse sa batleheng. Maemo a sa tloaelehang a maikutlo le maikutlo a kenyelletsa lintja tse qhibilihisang, tse khetholloang ke lihlong le ho etsa liqeto, hape li sa lumellane hantle le maemo a kantle.
Re lokela ho hlokomela hore ho hula lintja tse nang le litloaelo tse mpe e ne e le molao, o neng o etsoa ke litsebi, ho kenyeletsoa le barekisi le barupeli, ba neng ba khelositse batho ba sa tšoaneleheng qalong ea kholo, bongoaneng.
Na o hloka koetliso ea lintja?
U ka tseba tlhoko ea koetliso haeba u tsepamisa maikutlo holima lintlha tse latelang:
- phoofolo ea lapeng e na le boits'oaro bo makatsang ka pel'a motho osele;
- ntja e "litšila" ha e fepa, e hana ho ja;
- phoofolo nako le nako e bontša ho se mamele;
- phoofolo ea lapeng e bontša ho se khotsofale ka boits'oaro ba mong'a lona kapa ba lelapa;
- ntja e mabifi ho litho tsa lelapa tse nyane le tse tsofetseng kapa e lula e hloka tlhokomelo e eketsehileng.
Ho ea ka batsamaisi ba lintja ba nang le boiphihlelo, semelo sa phoofolo ea lapeng se thehiloe feela ka lilemo, ka hona, ho tloha bonyaneng, ho hlokahala hore o qale ho holisa le ho koetlisa ntja.
Koetliso ea bo-'mampuli
Koetliso e sa reroang kapa e sa tsoaloang e tšoauoa ka ho ba sieo ha melao ea liteko, ka hona mong'a e mong le e mong o ruta phoofolo ea hae ea lapeng litsebo tseo a nkang hore lia hlokahala. Bontša koetliso kapa bokhoni ba ntja ho itlhahisa ka har'a selikalikoe, ho itokisetsa litlholisano tsa lebelo, ts'ireletso ea ntlo le mong'a lona le eona e ka ba teng sehlopheng sena.
Mokhoa oa botsebi
Likolo tsohle tsa thupelo tse tsejoang kajeno li ka aroloa ka mefuta e latelang:
- Koetliso ea ho ikamahanya le maemo... Ho kenyelletsa tsebo ea ho se hlasele basele kapa liphoofolo tsa batho ba bang ntle le sehlopha, bosieo ba tšabo ea lipalangoang tsa toropo. Naheng ea habo rona, liphetoho tse fapaneng li atile haholoholo, ho kenyeletsoa le tsela ea kutlo e akaretsang kapa COP;
- Koetliso e khethehileng... E sebelisoa haholo likarolong tse fapaneng tsa lefapha mme e kenyelletsa tsebo ea ho batla lithethefatsi le liqhomane, litataiso tsa ba sa boneng, ba paterolang le balebeli;
- Koetliso ea liteko... E hlahisoa ke ho feta liteko bakeng sa litšobotsi tse hlokahalang tsa phoofolo ea lapeng, ho kenyeletsoa SchH le IPO.
Hoa thahasellisa! Haholo-holo e ratoang ke koetliso e fapaneng e sebelisang likarolo tsa mekhoa ena e meraro, ho kenyeletsoa ketso ea mochini, e bohloko kapa e seng bohloko, eo ketso e lakatsehang e ka fihlelloang ho ntja.
Ho sebelisoa libaka tse 'maloa, ho kenyeletsoa koetliso ea mochini, koetliso e khothatsang tatso ho latela mokhoa oa Durov... Le mokhoa oa ho fokotsa menyetla ea liphoso le ho pheta-pheta ho khethehileng kapa sekolo sa koetliso ea sepolesa.
Tsela ea ho utloisisa ntja ea hau
Ho utloisisa litakatso tsa ntja ea hau, o hloka ho ithuta ho tseba mantsoe a fanoang ke phoofolo ea hau ea lapeng:
- ka boemo bo itšepileng le bo phutholohileng, ntja e eme e otlolohile, e tsoka mohatla butle, molomo o koetsoe kapa o butsoe hanyane, 'me mahlo a na le bana ba banyenyane;
- ntja e tšohileng kapa e tšoenyehileng ea ema, e kobehile hanyane, e pata mohatla oa eona ka tlasa mpa ea eona, e penya litsebe tsa eona ebe e tutubolla mahlo a eona haholo;
- ntja e maemong a mabifi, e tsitsipane, e phahamisa kapa e hula mohatla o thata haholo, hape e phahamisa moferefere.
- ka boemo bo tšosang bohale, ntja e honyela, e pata mohatla oa eona ka tlasa mpa le ho tobetsa litsebe tsa eona, e bula mahlo haholo.
Mantsoe a tsoang ntja a kenyelletsa ho bokolla, ho honotha, ho honotha kapa "ho honotha", ho lla le ho bohola, ho ka bang holimo kapa tlase.
Malebela a ho khetha ntja
Tlhokomelo e lokela ho fuoa lipehelo tsa bohlokoahali tsa khetho, tse emeloang ke ho rarahana ha tlhokomelo le boiketlo ba koetliso, maikutlo ho batho ba baholo le bana ba banyenyane. Har'a tse ling, ho hlokahala hore ho nahanoe ka mefuta ea ntja:
- Mastiffs le St. Bernards, hammoho le mefuta e meng e meholo, hangata ba na le mathata a mesifa;
- Bulldog ea Lenyesemane e honotha ka lentsoe le phahameng bosiu bo lekaneng, hape e na le nako e thata ea ho mamella liphetoho life kapa life tsa maemo a leholimo, ho kenyeletsoa le mocheso;
- Li-dachshunds ha li se li le batho ba baholo li tšoauoa ka kotsi e eketsehang ea ho ba le litho tsa morao tse holofetseng litho
- boteng ba masaka a letlalo ho Shar Pei le Mastino-Neapolitano hangata ke sesosa sa nts'etsopele ea bofofu bo amanang le lilemo;
- Balisa ba baholo ba Jeremane ba khetholloa ka mathata a ho ntša metsi le ho senyeha ha pelvic ho bakoang ke 'mele.
Ha u khetha lelinyane, ho bohlokoa ho hopola hore ha u le lilemo li likhoeli tse peli u ka tseba boleng ba phoofolo ea hau ea lapeng ea kamoso, kamora karabelo ea eona ho tšusumetso e kantle.
Boitšoaro ba mong'a lona le litho tse ling tsa lelapa
Khafetsa, liketso tsa ho se tsebe ho bala le ho ngola tsa mong'a ntja le litho tsa lelapa li ama semelo sa phoofolo ea lapeng hampe mme li baka ponahalo ea boits'oaro bo sa rateheng phoofolo. Ho tšoaroa ka sehlōhō, tšebeliso ea ho hloka mekhoa kapa matla nakong ea koetliso kapa nakong ea thuto ho ka mpefatsa semelo sa ntja.
Ho otla, hammoho le ho jabela le ho luba nko, ho ka fetola phoofolo e lekaneng ho ba ntja e tšabehang le e bohale e ka bang kotsi ho motho e mong le e mong ea haufi. Eseng feela maikutlo a sa lokelang malebana le ntja a ka senya semelo sa phoofolo ea lapeng, empa le lerato le feteletseng, hammoho le ho lumella ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe.
Bohlokoa! Phoofolo e senyehileng e itšoara ka mokhoa o sa lokelang, ka hona ho thibetsoe ho tšoara phoofolo ea lapeng tafoleng.
Har'a tse ling, ho bohlokoa ho hlalosetsa bana melao ea boitšoaro le ntja.... Ho seng joalo, esita le ntja e ntle ka ho fetisisa e khona ho bonts'a mabifi le ho loma. Ho thata haholo ho laola ntja e holisitsoeng ka nepo, 'me maemong a mang ho ke ke ha khoneha.
