Sable ea Japane

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Sable ea Japane ke e mong oa baemeli ba lelapa la marten. E ratoa ka boea ba eona bo mabothobotho, e nkuoa e le Predator ebile ke ea liphoofolo tse anyesang.

Tlhaloso ea sable ea Japane

Sable ea Japane ke phoofolo e ntle haholo ho tsoa lelapeng la marten... E boetse e bitsoa marten ea Japane. E na le li-subspecies tse tharo - Martes melampus, Martes melampus coreensis, Martes melampus tsuensis. Boea ba bohlokoa ba phoofolo joalo ka lisabole tse ling, ke sepheo sa litsomi tse seng molaong.

Ponahalo

Joalo ka mefuta e meng ea sable, marten ea Japane e na le 'mele o mosesane o bileng o tenyetsehang, maoto a makhuts'oane le hlooho e bōpehileng joaloka chesele. Hammoho le hlooho, bolelele ba 'mele oa motho e moholo ke 47-54 cm,' me mohatla o bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 17-23. Empa tšobotsi e ikhethang ka ho fetisisa ea ponahalo ea phoofolo e phophomang ke mohatla le boea bo mabothobotho. Phoofolo e boetse e hohela ka boea ba eona bo bosootho bo bosehla bo sootho. Ho boetse ho na le li-martens tsa Majapane tse sootho ka mmala. Ebile, boea ba phoofolo bo na le 'mala oa ho ipata "bakeng sa litšobotsi tsa sebaka sa bolulo.

Hoa thahasellisa! Karolo e 'ngoe e ikhethang le e makatsang ea sable ena e ntle ke sebaka se bobebe molaleng. Liphoofolong tse ling, e tšoeu ka ho phethahetseng, ho tse ling e kanna ea ba bosehla kapa ea ba boreleli.

Tse tona li fapana le tse tšehali ka 'mele o moholo. Boima ba tsona bo ka fihla ho li-kilogramme tse ka bang peli, e leng boima ba basali makhetlo a mararo. Boima bo tloaelehileng ba sable ea basali ea Majapane e tsoa ho ligrama tse 500 ho isa ho kilogram e le 'ngoe.

Mokhoa oa bophelo oa Sable

Sable Sable e khetha ho lula e le mong, joalo ka baena ba bangata ba lelapa la weasel. E 'ngoe le e' ngoe e tona le e tšehali e na le sebaka sa eona, meeli eo phoofolo e tšoaeang ka liphiri tsa litšoelesa tsa anal. Mme, mona, ho na le phapang ea bong - boholo ba sebaka sa lehae sa monna e ka ba 0.7 km2, mme e tšehali e tlase hanyane - 0.63 km2. Ka nako e ts'oanang, tšimo ea e tona ha e na moeli oa e 'ngoe e tona, empa e lula e "kena" sebakeng sa setša sa basali.

Ha sehla sa ho nyala se fihla, meeli e joalo "ea hlakoloa", tse tšehali li lumella tse tona ho "li etela" ho fumana bana ba kamoso. Nako e setseng, meeli ea matlo e lebeloa ke beng ba eona. Merero ea lapeng e lumella liphoofolo ho etsa feela sebaka sa ho phomola le ho phela, empa le ho fumana lijo. Ba-martens ba Majapane ba haha ​​"matlo" a bona bakeng sa ho robala le ho itšireletsa ho lira tsa lifate tse sekoti, hape ba cheka mekoti fatše. Ha li tsamaea hara lifate, liphoofolo li ka tlolela bolelele ba limithara tse 2-4!

Bolele ba bophelo

Sebakeng, sable ea Japane e phela ka karolelano lilemo tse ka bang 9-10.... Liphoofolo tse bolokiloeng botlamuoeng hantle, haufi le maemo a tlhaho, tebello ea bophelo e ka eketsoa. Le ha hona ho sa fumanehe haholo, ho thata ho bona marten ea Japane kapa mefuta e meng ea sable lirapeng tsa liphoofolo.

Habitat, habitats

Sable ea Japane e fumanoa haholo lihlekehlekeng tsa Japane - Shikoku, Honshu, Kyushu le Hokkaido. Phoofolo e ile ea isoa sehlekehlekeng sa ho qetela ho tloha Honshu ka lilemo tse 40 ho eketsa indasteri ea boea. Hape, marten ea Japane e lula sebakeng sa Hloahloa ea Korea. Libaka tse ratoang haholo tsa sable ea Japane ke meru. Phoofolo e rata haholo meru ea lifate tsa eike le tsa oak. A ka phela le holimo lithabeng (ho fihlela 2000m kaholimo ho bophahamo ba leoatle), ha feela ho na le lifate tse melang moo, tse sebeletsang e le sebaka sa ts'ireletso le mokoti. Ke seoelo ha phoofolo e lula sebakeng se bulehileng.

Maemo a loketseng a ho phela bakeng sa marten ea Japane sehlekehlekeng sa Tsushima. Ha ho na mariha moo, mme karolo ea 80% e lula morung. Palo e nyane ea sehlekehleke sena, mocheso o motle ke tiiso e ntle ea bophelo bo monate, bo khutsitseng le ho ikatisa ha phoofolo e nang le boea.

Lijo tse jang lijo tsa Japane

Phoofolo ee e ntle le e ntle e ja eng? Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ke sebatana (empa ke feela ka liphoofolo tse nyane), ka lehlakoreng le leng, ke motho ea jang nama feela. Marten ea Japane e ka bitsoa "omnivorous" ebile ha e khetholle. Phoofolo e ikamahanya habonolo le lehae le phetoho ea linako tsa selemo, 'me e ka ja liphoofolo tse nyane, likokoanyana, monokotsoai le lipeo.

Ka tloaelo, lijo tsa marten ea Japane li na le mahe, linonyana, lihohoana, li-crustaceans, fry, mahe, liphoofolo tse anyesang tse nyane, bobi, bo-millipedes, bo-maleshoane, likho, baahi ba fapaneng ba matamo, litoeba le liboko.

Hoa thahasellisa! Khama ea Japane, ha e ntse e tsoma liboko tsa bobi, ha ho mohla e lomelloang ke likokoanyana tse metsero tse se nang mohau. Ka lebaka le itseng, pefo ea bona e feta ka bohlasoa bo senyang lihlaha tsa bona. Joalokaha eka li-sables li ba tse sa bonahaleng motsotso o joalo - sephiri sa tlhaho!

Marten ea Japane e ja monokotsoai le litholoana ha e haelloa ke lijo tse ling. Hangata "limela tsa hae" li oela nakong ea selemo le hoetla. Bakeng sa batho, lehlakore le letle la marten ea Japane ke hore e senya litoeba tse nyane - tse senyang lijalo masimong ebile ke mopholosi oa kotulo ea lijo-thollo.

Lira tsa tlhaho

Sera se kotsi ka ho fetesisa bakeng sa liphoofolo tsohle, ho kenyeletsoa le sable ea Japane, ke motho eo sepheo sa hae e leng boea bo botle ba phoofolo. Masholu a tsomang a tsoma boea ka tsela e hanetsoeng.

Bohlokoa! Sebakeng sa bolulo ba sable ea Japane (ntle le lihlekehleke tsa Tsushim le Hokkaido, moo phoofolo e sirelelitsoeng ka molao), ho tsoma ho lumelloa feela ka likhoeli tse peli - Pherekhong le Hlakubele!

Sera sa bobeli sa phoofolo ke ecology e mpe: ka lebaka la lintho tse chefo tse sebelisoang temong, liphoofolo tse ngata le tsona lia shoa... Ka lebaka la lintlha tsena tse peli, palo ea batho ba masabole a Majapane e fokotsehile haholo hoo ba ileng ba tlameha ho kenyelletsoa ho International Red Book. Ha e le lira tsa tlhaho, li fokola haholo. Bokhabane ba phoofolo le mokhoa oa eona oa bophelo oa bosiu ke tšireletso ea tlholeho kotsing e tlang. Marten ea Japane, ha e ikutloa e le kotsi bophelong ba eona, hang-hang e ipata ka mekoting ea lifate kapa mekoting.

Ho ikatisa le bana

Nako ea ho tlolelana ha sable ea Japane e qala ka khoeli ea pele ea selemo... Ke ka Hlakubele ho isa Mots'eanong moo ho tlolelana ha liphoofolo ho etsahalang. Batho ba fihletseng boroetsaneng - ba lilemo li 1-2 ba se ba loketse tlhahiso ea bana. Ha e tšehali e ima, hoo ho seng letho le thibelang malinyane ho tsoaloa, diapause e beha 'meleng: lits'ebetso tsohle, metabolism e thibetsoe, mme phoofolo e ka jara lesea maemong a mabe ka ho fetesisa.

Ho tloha bohareng ba Phupu ho isa halofo ea pele ea Phato, bana ba sable ea Japane baa hlaha. Matlakala a na le malinyane a 1-5. Masea a tsoaloa a koahetsoe ke boea bo tšesaane-boea, bo foufetse ebile bo se na thuso. Lijo tsa tsona tse kholo ke lebese la basali. Hang ha masabole a manyane a fihla lilemong tsa likhoeli tse 3-4, a ka tloha mokokotlong oa batsoali, kaha a se a ntse a khona ho tsoma a le mong. Mme ha ba kena bohlankaneng kapa boroetsaneng ba qala ho "tšoaea" meeli ea libaka tsa bona.

Baahi le boemo ba mofuta

Ho latela litlaleho tse ling, lilemo tse ka bang limilione tse peli tse fetileng, marten ea Japane (Martes melampus) e ile ea fetoha mofuta o arohaneng le sable e tloaelehileng (Martes zibellina). Kajeno ho na le li-subspecies tse tharo tsa eona - Martes melampus coreensis (sebaka sa Korea Boroa le Korea Leboea); Martes melampus tsuensis (sehlekehleke sa bolulo Japane - Tsushima) le M. m. Melampus.

Hoa thahasellisa!Li-subspecies Martes melampus tsuensis li sirelelitsoe ka molao lihlekehlekeng tsa Tsushima, moo 88% e nang le meru, moo 34% ea eona e leng li-conifers. Kajeno sable ea Japane e sirelelitsoe ke molao mme e thathamisitsoe ho International Red Book.

Ka lebaka la mesebetsi ea batho tikolohong ea tlhaho ea Japane, liphetoho tse kholo li etsahetse, tse sa kang tsa ba le phello e ntle bophelong ba sable ea Japane. Palo ea eona e fokotsehile haholo (poaching, ts'ebeliso ea meriana e bolaeang likokoanyana ea temo). Ka 1971, ho ile ha etsoa qeto ea ho sireletsa phoofolo.

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