"Ena ke nonyana e ntle," - ke kamoo mohahlauli oa Russia ea bitsoang Grigory Karelin, ea ithutileng mofuta oa Kazakhstan lekholong la bo19 la lilemo, a buileng ka flamingo e lefubelu. "O shebahala a tšoana pakeng tsa linonyana le kamele har'a tse maoto a mane," Karelin o hlalositse mohopolo oa hae.
Tlhaloso ea li-flamingo
Ka 'nete, ponahalo ea nonyana ena ea hlolla -' mele o moholo, maoto a phahameng haholo le molala, molomo o kobehileng o ikhethang le masiba a makatsang a pinki. Lelapa la Phoenicopteridae (li-flamingo) le kenyelletsa mefuta e mene, e kopantsoe ho isa molokong o 3: litsebi tse ling tsa li-ornithologists li lumela hore ho ntse ho na le mefuta e mehlano. Mefuta e 'meli ea bophelo e ile ea timela khale.
Masalla a khale ka ho fetisisa a mesaletsa ea flamingo a fumanoe UK. Litho tse nyane ka ho fetisisa tsa lelapa ke li-flamingo tse nyane (tse boima ba 2 kg le ka tlase ho 1 m bolelele), 'me tse tsebahalang haholo ke Phoenicopterus ruber (li-flamingo tse tloaelehileng), tse hōlang ho fihla ho 1.5 m le boima ba lik'hilograma tse 4-5.
Ponahalo
Flamingo ka nepo e na le sehlooho eseng feela sa maoto a malelele, empa hape le nonyana e bolelele bo bolelele... Flamingo e na le hlooho e nyane, empa molomo o moholo, o moholo le o kobehileng, eo (ho fapana le linonyana tse ngata) e sa tsamaiseng molomo o ka tlase, empa molomo o kaholimo. Lithako tsa molomo o moholo li na le lipoleiti tse nang le manaka le meno, ka thuso ea tsona linonyana li sefa sehlahlo ho fumana lijo.
Hoa thahasellisa! Molala oa eona (kamanong le boholo ba 'mele) o molelele ebile o otile ho feta oa khantši, e etsang hore flamingo e khathale ke ho e otlolla mme nako le nako e e akhele ka mokokotlong ho phomotsa mesifa.
Lipoleiti tsa Horny le tsona li kaholimo ho leleme le teteaneng. Ho li-flamingo, halofo e holimo ea tibia e na le masiba, 'me tarsus e batla e le telele ho feta ea morao ka makhetlo a mararo. Lera le tsoetseng pele la ho sesa le bonahala lipakeng tsa menoana e ka pele ea maoto, 'me monoana o ka morao o monyane haholo kapa ha o eo. Masiba a lokolohile ebile a bonolo. Ho na le libaka tse se nang masiba hloohong - mehele e potileng mahlo, selelu le tōmo. Mapheo a bolelele bo itekanetseng, a pharaletseng, a metsero e metsho (e seng kamehla).
Mohatla o mokgutshwane o na le masiba a mohatla a 12-16, mme para e bohareng e le telele ka ho fetisisa. Ha se li-flamingo tsohle tse nang le 'mala o mofubelu (ho tloha ho pinki e sootho ho isa bopherese), ka linako tse ling e le bosoeu kapa bohlooho.
Boikarabello ba ho taka ke li-lipochromes, 'mala oa' mala o kenang 'meleng le lijo. Mapheo a mapheo ke limithara tse 1,5. Nakong ea molt e tšoarellang ka khoeli, flamingo e lahleheloa ke masiba mapheong 'me e ba tlokotsing ka ho feletseng,' me e felloa ke matla a ho ikela kotsing.
Botho le mokhoa oa bophelo
Li-flamingo ke linonyana tse hlasimollang, tse lelerang metsing a sa tebang ho tloha hoseng ho fihlela bosiu li batla lijo le ho phomola ka linako tse ling. Ba buisana ka bobona ba sebelisa melumo e hopotsang maqhutsu a likhantši, e leng li-bass le ho feta. Bosiu, lentsoe la flamingo le utloahala joalo ka molumo oa terompeta.
Ha e tšosoa ke sebatana kapa motho ea ka sekepeng, mohlape o ea pele lehlakoreng le leng, ebe o nyolohela moeeng. Ke 'nete, ho akofisa ho fanoa ka thata - nonyana e matha ka limithara tse hlano metsing a sa tebang, e otlanya mapheo,' me e se e ntse e phahama, e etsa "mehato" e 'maloa hape holim'a metsi.
Hoa thahasellisa! Haeba u sheba mohlape ho tloha tlase, ho bonahala eka lifapano li fofa ho pholletsa le leholimo - moeeng flamingo e otlolla molala oa eona pele le ho otlolla maoto a eona a malelele.
Li-flamingo tse fofang le tsona li bapisoa le moqhaka oa motlakase, oo lihokelo tsa oona li benyang bo bofubelu bo khanyang, ebe lia tsoa, li bontša motho ea shebileng mebala e lefifi ea masiba. DiFlamingo, le fa di na le bontle jo bo sa tlwaelegang, di ka tshela mo maemong a a gatelelang diphologolo tse dingwe, tse di jaaka gaufi le matsha a letswai / alkaline.
Ha ho na litlhapi mona, empa ho na le li-crustaceans tse nyane (Artemia) - lijo tsa mantlha tsa li-flamingo. Letlalo le teteaneng maotong le ho etela metsi a hloekileng, moo li-flamingo li hlatsoang letsoai le ho tima lenyora la tsona, li pholosang linonyana tikolohong e mabifi. Ntle le moo, ha a eo
Ho tla boela ho be monate:
- Crane ea Japane
- Kitoglav
- Li-Ibises
- Nonyana ea mongoli
Ke li-flamingo tse kae tse phelang
Bashebelli ba linonyana ba hakanya hore ha li le naheng, linonyana li phela lilemo tse ka bang 30 ho isa ho tse 40... Ha u le botlamuoeng, nako ea bophelo e batla e imenne habeli. Ba re se seng sa libaka tsa polokelo ke lehae la flamingo e ketekileng selemo sa eona sa mashome a supileng.
E eme ka leoto le le leng
Tsebo ena ha e ea qaptjoa ke li-flamingo - linonyana tse ngata tse maoto a malelele (ho kenyeletsoa le mekotatsie) li tloaetse ho ema ka maoto a le leng ho fokotsa mocheso mochesong oa moea.
Hoa thahasellisa! Taba ea hore nonyana ena e hatsela kapele e baka molato oa maoto a eona a malelele haholo, e se nang ho boloka masiba a batlang a le holimo. Ke ka lebaka leo flamingo e qobelloang ho hula le ho futhumatsa leoto le leng kapa le leng.
Ho tsoa kantle, boemo bo bonahala bo sa phutholoha haholo, empa flamingo ka boeona ha e utloe bohloko. Leoto le tšehetsang le lula le atolositsoe ntle le ts'ebeliso ea matla afe kapa afe a mesifa, hobane ha le kobehe ka lebaka la sesebelisoa se khethehileng sa anatomical.
Mokhoa o ts'oanang o sebetsa ha flamingo e lula lekaleng: mesifa e maotong a kobehileng e otlolla le ho qobella menoana hore e tšoare lekala ka thata. Haeba nonyana e robala, "ho ts'oara" ha ho lokolloe, ho e sireletsa hore e se oele sefateng.
Habitat, habitats
Li-flamingo li fumanoa haholo-holo libakeng tse chesang tse mongobo.
- Afrika;
- Asia;
- Amerika (Bohareng le Boroa);
- Europe Boroa.
Kahoo, ho 'nile ha bonoa likolone tse ngata tse kholo tsa li-flamingo tse ka boroa ho Fora, Spain le Sardinia. Leha ho na le taba ea hore hangata likoloni tsa linonyana li na le li-flamingo tse likete tse makholo, ha ho mofuta o mong le o mong o ka ithorisang ka mofuta o tsoelang pele. Nesting e hlaha ka thoko, libakeng tseo ka linako tse ling li arohaneng lik'hilomithara tse likete.
Hangata li-flamingo li lula mabopong a metsi a sa tebang a metsi a letsoai kapa a tebang leoatleng, li leka ho lula libakeng tse bulehileng. E tsoala ka bobeli matšeng a lithaba tse telele (Andes) le lithoteng (Kazakhstan). Linonyana ka kakaretso li lula fatše (ha li tsamaee hangata). Ke batho feela ba tloaelehileng ba flamingo ba lulang linaheng tse ka leboea ba fallang.
Lijo tsa Flamingo
Khotso ea li-flamingo e senyeha ha linonyana li tlameha ho loanela lijo. Ka motsotso ona, likamano tse ntle tsa boahisani lia fela, 'me li fetoha libaka tse ngata tse iketselitsoeng.
Lijo tsa li-flamingo li na le lintho tse phelang le limela tse kang:
- li-crustaceans tse nyane;
- shellfish;
- liboko tsa likokoanyana;
- liboko tsa metsi;
- algae, ho kenyelletsa le diatoms.
Tsebo e fokolang ea lijo e bonahala ka sebopeho sa molomo: karolo ea eona e kaholimo e na le phaphametse e tšehetsang hlooho ka metsing.
Mekhahlelo ea phepo e nepahetseng e fetoha ka potlako mme e shebahala tjena:
- Ha e batla plankton, nonyana ena e retelletsa hlooho e le hore molomo o ka tlase.
- Flamingo e bula molomo oa eona, e kha metsi ebe ea a koalla.
- Metsi a sutumelletsoa ke leleme ka sefeng ebe phepelo ea metsoa.
Khetho ea gastronomic ea li-flamingo e fokotseha ho ea pele bakeng sa mofuta ka mong. Mohlala, li-flamingo tsa James li ja lintsintsi, likhoho le diatom. Li-flamingo tse nyane li ja botala bo botala le li-diatom, li fetohela ho li-rotifers le brine shrimp ha feela metsi a metsi a oma.
Hoa thahasellisa! Ka tsela, mmala o pinki oa masiba o ipapisitse le boteng ba li-crustaceans tse khubelu tse nang le carotenoids lijong. Ha li-crustaceans li ntse li eketseha, 'mala o ba matla haholo.
Ho ikatisa le bana
Ho sa natsoe tsoalo ea morao haholo (lilemo tse 5-6), tsehali li khona ho behela mahe ho tloha lilemong tse peli... Ha lihlaha, lihlopha tsa flamingo li hola ho fihla ho linonyana tse halofo ea milione, 'me lihlaha ka botsona ha li arohane ho feta tse 0,0-0.8 m.
Lihlaha (ho tloha mohloa, lejoe la khetla le seretse) ha li lule li hahiloe ka metsing a sa tebang, ka linako tse ling li-flamingo lia li haha (ho tloha masiba, joang le majoana) lihlekehlekeng tse majoe kapa li behela mahe ka kotloloho lehlabatheng ntle le ho senya. Ka clutch ho na le mahe a 1-3 (hangata a mabeli), ao batsoali ka bobeli ba a elang matsatsi a 30-32.
Hoa thahasellisa! Li-flamingo li lula sehlaheng li kentse maoto. E le hore e tsohe, nonyana ena e lokela ho sekamisa hlooho, e behe molomo oa eona fatše ebe e otlolla maoto le matsoho a eona.
Litsuonyana li tsoaloa ka melomo e otlolohileng, e qalang ho kobeha kamora libeke tse 2, 'me kamora libeke tse' maloa fluff ea pele e fetohela ho e ncha. "U se u noele mali a rona," - tokelo ea ho lebisa poleloana ena baneng ke, mohlomong, ke li-flamingo tse ba fepang ka lebese, moo 23% e leng mali a batsoali.
Lebese, le ka bapisoang le boleng ba phepo e nepahetseng le lebese la khomo, le 'mala o mopinki' me le hlahisoa ke litšoelesa tse khethehileng tse ka mpeng ea nonyana e seng e le kholo. 'Mè o fepa malinyane ka lebese la nonyana nako e ka etsang likhoeli tse peli, ho fihlela molomo oa litsuonyana o qetella o matlafetse. Hang ha molomo o se o holile ebile o thehiloe, flamingo e nyane e qala ho iphepa e le 'ngoe.
Nakong ea likhoeli tse 2,5, li-flamingo tse nyenyane li nka mapheo, li hola ho lekana le linonyana tse seng li le baholo, 'me li fofa hōle le lehae la tsona la batsoali. Li-flamingo ke linonyana tse le 'ngoe, tse fetohang ka bobeli ha molekane oa tsona a hlokahala.
Lira tsa tlhaho
Ntle le litsomi tse jang masholu, liphoofolo tse jang nama li khetholloa e le lira tsa tlhaho tsa li-flamingo, ho kenyelletsa:
- liphiri;
- liphokojoe;
- liphokojoe;
- liphakoe;
- Lintsu.
Hangata liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo tse nang le masiba li lula haufi le likolone tsa flamingo. Ka linako tse ling liphoofolo tse ling le tsona lia li tsoma. Ka lebaka la ho baleha tšoso e kantle, flamingo ea tloha, ea ferekanya sera, se ferekantsoeng ke masiba a sefofane a matsho, a a sitisang ho tsepamisa mohopolo ho sepheo.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Boteng ba li-flamingo ha bo na ho thoe ha bo na leru - palo ea baahi ha e fokotsehe hakaalo ka lebaka la liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo, empa e bakoa ke batho..
Linonyana li thunngoa molemong oa masiba a tsona a matle, lihlaha li senngoa ke ho fumana mahe a monate, hape li lelekoa libakeng tsa tsona tse tloaelehileng, ho aha merafo, likhoebo tse ncha le litsela tse kholo.
Lisosa tsa Anthropogenic le tsona li baka tšilafalo e ke keng ea qojoa ea tikoloho, e amang le linonyana hampe.
Bohlokoa! Haufinyane tjena, bashebelli ba linonyana ba ne ba kholisehile hore ba lahlehetsoe ke li-flamingo tsa James ka ho sa feleng, empa ka lehlohonolo linonyana li ile tsa hlaha ka 1957. Kajeno, palo ea mofuta ona le mofuta o mong, e leng lithaba tsa Andes, ke batho ba ka bang likete tse 50.
Mefuta ena ka bobeli e lumeloa hore e kotsing. Matla a matla a ho ikatisa a tlalehiloe naheng ea Chile, e leng palo e felletseng ea linonyana tse likete tse 200. Tšoenyeho e nyane ke flamingo e nyane, e nang le baahi ba tsoang ho batho ba limilione tse 4-6.
Mekhatlo ea tlhokomelo e amehile ka mefuta e tummeng ka ho fetisisa, e tloaelehileng ea flamingo, eo baahi ba eona ho pota lefatše ba ka bang lipara tse 14 ho isa ho tse likete tse 35. Boemo ba paballo ea flamingo e pinki bo lekana le mantsoe a fokolang - linonyana li kene CITES 1, BERNA 2, SPEC 3, CEE 1, BONN 2 le AEWA li kotsing.
