Sekholo (lat. Atelidae) ke liphoofolo tse anyesang tse tsoang lelapeng la litšoene tse nko e sephara (Platyrrhini) le taelo ea litšoene. Lelapa lena le kenyelletsa mefuta e ka bang mashome a mararo ea sejoale-joale e ajoang feela naheng ea Lefatše le Lecha.
Tlhaloso ea monkey ea sekho
Litšoene tsa sekho li na le lebitso la tsona le sa tloaelehang eseng feela ka maoto le matsoho a malelele le a matla, empa hape le mohatla, o bapalang karolo ea mofuta oa leoto la bohlano le tiileng haholo. Lehata la tšoene le lenyane, ka hona, phoofolo e anyesang e leketlile makaleng le ho e tšoarella ka mohatla, hammoho le maoto le matsoho, e tšoana hantle le sekho ka chebahalo eohle ea eona.
Ponahalo, litekanyo
Litšoene tsa Arachnid, ho kenyeletsoa litšoene le lilakane, hona joale li nkuoa e le litšoene tse kholo ka ho fetisisa Amerika. Boima ba 'mele oa motho e moholo bo ka ba lik'hilograma tse 4 ho isa ho tse 10, bolelele ba' mele bo bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 34-65. Bolelele ba mohatla oa litšoene tsa arachnid bo fapana ka lisenthimithara tse 55 ho isa ho tse 90. Tse tšehali tsa mofuta ona li boima ka tsela e batlang e le kholo ho feta tse tona tse holileng ka thobalano.
Hoa thahasellisa! Ka koat ea boea, seaparo se mahetleng se selelele hanyane ho feta seaparo se ka mpeng le maotong.
Sebakeng se se nang letho botlaaseng ba ntlha ea mohatla, li-scallops li teng, tse ikarabellang bakeng sa mamello ea mammalian. Mepheo e ka pele ea tšoene ea sekho e telele ho feta maoto a kamorao, empa ho batho ba bang e ka ba bolelele bo lekanang. Monwana o motona o letsohong ha o yo kapa o fokotsehile, mme menwana e metona ya maoto e hodile hantle. Kobo ea phoofolo e telele, ea mebala e fapaneng... Sebaka sa molomo oa phoofolo boholo ba sona se lefifi, 'me moriri' meleng o sootho kapa o sootho ka 'mala.
Botho le mokhoa oa bophelo
Litšoene tsa sekho li khetha ho lula sehlopheng se seng se seholo haholo, batho ba ka bang leshome, empa ka linako tse ling liphoofolo tse anyesang li khona ho bokana ka mehlape ea batho ba mashome a mane kapa ho feta. Baemeli ba lelapa la litšoene tse nang le molomo o pharaletseng ba lula ka har'a marulelo a meru, ntle le ho theohela lefatšeng. Kahoo, bakeng sa bophelo bo felletseng ba mofuta ona, ho hlokahala hore ho be le tlamo ea lifate tse kholo tse lekaneng sebakeng sa bolulo.
Boroko ba litšoene tsa arachnid le tsona li etsahala feela lifateng, moo liphoofolo li fumanehang hole ho fapana. Ho tsamaea ka har'a limela, ho sebelisoa mokhoa oa semi-brachiation, o leketlile makaleng ka maoto a ka pele le mohatla o motle haholo. Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa liphoofolo tse anyesang o etsahala motšehare.
Mokhoa oa letsatsi le letsatsi oa litšoene tsa arachnid o emeloa ke linako tsa ho phomola, ho fepa, ho tsamaea kapa ho hlohlona le puisano. Litšoene tse joalo tse fokolang ka mafolofolo li sebelisa nako e ka bang 50% ea nako ea tsona ea letsatsi le letsatsi molemong oa ho phomola, 20% ea nako e sebelisoa lijong, 28% - maetong kapa motsamaong, le 2% - molemong oa ho buisana.
Sehlopha se seng le se seng sa Atelidae se khetha ho lula lifateng tse arohaneng moo matlo a lulang teng. Ka ho rengoa ha meru ka mafolofolo, litšoene tsa arachnid li tlohela libaka tsa tsona tsa bolulo 'me li khona ho khutlela sebakeng sa tsona sa pele feela kamora hore lifate tse loketseng bolulo ba liphoofolo li hole ho lekana.
Tšoene ea sekho e phela halelele hakae
Baemeli ba lelapa la litšoene tsa arachnid ha ba fapane feela ka boholo le 'mala oa bona, empa ba fapane le bolelele ba nako ea bophelo. Banna ba maemong a tlhaho ba phela joalo ka molao, ha ba fete lilemo tse fetang leshome, le basali - ho fihlela lilemo tse leshome le metso e 'meli ho isa ho tse leshome le metso e mehlano... Ha ho fanoa ka maemo a matle ka ho fetesisa, ka karolelano nako ea bophelo ea liphoofolo tse anyesang ea mofuta ona e ka fihlela lilemo tse mashome a mabeli, esita le kotara ea lekholo la lilemo kapa ho feta. Ha ba le botlamuoeng, liphoofolo li phela lilemo tse ka bang mashome a mane.
Mefuta ea litšoene
Lelapa la litšoene tsa arachnid le emeloa ke malapa a mabeli, karolo e mehlano le mefuta e ka bang mashome a mararo. Lelapa le lenyane la Alouattinae le kenyelletsa mofuta oa Howler (Alouatta), ho kenyelletsa:
- Alouatta arctoidea;
- mohoeletsi ea letsoho le bofubelu (Аlоuаttа bеlzebul);
- black howler (Alouatta saraya);
- Coiba howler (Alouatta coibensis);
- Phallo ea Alouatta;
- sootho howler (Аlоuatta guаribа);
- Alouatta juara;
- Guyana howler (Alouatta massonnelli);
- Mohoo oa Amazonia (Alouatta nigerrima);
- Colombian Howler (Alouatta palliata);
- American Central Howler (Alouatta pigra);
- Alouatta puruensis;
- Mohoo oa Bolivia (Alouatta sara);
- mofubelu o mofubelu (Alouatta seniculus);
- Alouatta ululata.
Lelapa le lenyenyane la Atelinae le kenyelletsa:
- mofuta oa Coates (Аteles), ho kenyeletsoa le seaparo se ka pele se tšoeu (Аteles belzebuth), seaparo sa Peru (Аteles сhamek), jase ea Colombia (Аteles hybridus), seaparo se nang le marameng a harese (Аtеleffes mаrginolateosuyu), se setšo koatu (Аteles ranisсus);
- mofuta oa litšoene tsa Arachnid (Brachyteles), ho kenyeletsoa monkey ea arachnid (Brachyteles arachnoids) le tšoene e khubelu (Brachyteles hyrohanthus);
- Litšoene tsa boea (Lаgоthriх), ho kenyeletsoa monkey e sootho e nang le boea (Lаgоthriх lаgоtriсha), litšoene tse bohlooho tse boea (Lаgоthriх sana), litšoene tsa boea tsa Colombian (Lаgоthrih monkey e nang le boea.)
Tswene e mosehla (Oreonah flavicauda) ke ya mofuta o monyane haholo wa Oreonax.
Habitat, habitats
Motho ea lerata ea khubelu o lula merung ea leoatle ea Atlantic le Amazonia. Litšoene tse bobebe le tse sootho ke tsa baemeli ba ka boroa ho mofuta ona, 'me mohoo oa Coiba o atile Panama. Baemeli ba mofuta oa Guyana howler ba fumanoa hoo e ka bang hohle Lithabeng tsa Guiana, karolong e ka leboea ea Amazon le ka bochabela ho Rio Negro.
Mohoeletsi oa Amazon o lula bohareng ba Brazil. Central American Howler e lula merung e teteaneng ea pula ea Belize, Mexico le Guatemala, ha litšoene tsa Bolivian Howler li atile leboea le bohareng ba Bolivia ho fihla meeling ea Peru le Brazil.
Hoa thahasellisa! Mofuta o sa tloaelehang haholo ke tšoene e boea bo mosehla. E atile haholo Peru ho fumanoa Andes ea Peru libakeng tsa San Marín, Amazonas, Loreto le Huanuco, hammoho le La Libertad.
Baemeli bohle ba mofuta oa Koata ke baahi ba meru ea tropike ea Amerika Boroa le Bohareng: ho tloha boroa Mexico ho ea fihla meeling ea Brazil. Litšoene tsa Lagotrix kapa Woolly li lula likarolong tse kaholimo tsa moru oa pula, mongobo le meru e nang le moholi oa likhohola karolong e ka leboea ea Amerika Boroa, ho kenyeletsoa Bolivia le Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador le Peru.
Lijo tsa Sekho
Lijo tsa mantlha tsa baitlami ba howler li emeloa ke makhasi le litholoana, 'me peo le lipalesa tsa limela li sebetsa e le tlatsetso... Liaparo li boetse li ja haholo litholoana tsa litholoana le lipalesa, empa ka linako tse ling li ja likokoanyana le patsi e bolang.
Makhasi a limela a etsa karolo ea 20 lekholong ea lijo tsohle, 'me peo e kenyelletsoa lijong haholo nakong ea lipula, ha litholoana li sa lekane. Litholoana li etsa karolo ea 36 lekholong ea lijo tse felletseng, makhasi a holileng tsebong - hoo e ka bang 30%, makhasi a manyane le buds - e seng ho feta 25%, le lipalesa - e ka bang 5%.
Ho ikatisa le bana
Litšoene tse tšehali tsa sekho hangata li tsoala ngoana a le mong. Ha ho na matšoao a nako ea selemo ho hlahiseng liphoofolo tse anyesang joalo, ka hona, baemeli ba lelapa lena ba khona ho nyalana selemo ho pota. Litšoene tse joalo li itšoara ka mafolofolo le ka mabifi ho batho leha e le bafe bao ba sa ba tsebeng nakong ea bana.
Hoa thahasellisa! Pholiso ea sechaba ka kakaretso e lieha haholo, ka lebaka la ho se tsoaloe hangata ha litšoene tsa arachnid le ho hlaha namane e le 'ngoe feela.
Lilemong tse 'maloa tsa pele, lesea le lula le mme oa lona khafetsa. Ho tloha ha li le likhoeli tse 'ne, malinyane a qala ho leka mefuta e fapaneng ea lijo tsa limela.
Dinyantshi tsa lelapa la litšoene tsa Arachnid ha li fihle kholo e felletseng ea thobalano ho fihlela li le lilemo li hlano.
Lira tsa tlhaho
Lira tsa tlhaho tsa tšoene ea arachnid ke mangau, li-ocelots le liharepa, empa kotsi e kholo ho liphoofolo tse anyesang tse joalo e bakoa ke batho. Litšokelo ho sechaba ka kakaretso ke ho tsongoa ha liphoofolo bakeng sa nama le ho ts'oaroa ha malinyane ke litsomi tse seng molaong, hammoho le ho senngoa ha sebaka sa tlhaho sa litšoene tsa arachnid. Har'a tse ling, ho rengoa ha meru ho pharaletseng ho baka ho aroha ho hlakileng ha sebaka sa kabo.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Mofuta wa Red-hand Howler o abetswe maemo a Tshireletso a Kotsing ke Mokgatlo wa Matjhaba wa Paballo ya Tlhaho. Baemeli ba mofuta ona oa tšoene e boea bo mohatla o mosehla ba se ba le haufi le ho timela. Litšoene tsa Auburn ke mefuta e sa tloaelehang haholo le e tlokotsing ea li-primate tse nang le boemo ba Tlokotsi e Kotsing ea Tlhokomelo.
Har'a li-subspecies tse robong tse tsebahalang tsa tšoene ea arachnid, tse robeli li kotsing ea timetso. Central American Howler e khetholloa e le Kotsing, mme boemo ba paballo ea Red Howler hajoale ke bo tšoenyang haholo. Ha ba le botlamuoeng, litšoene tsa arachnid li ikatisa ka ho lekana, e leng se ileng sa nolofalletsa batho ba bangata ba lulang lirapeng tsa boikhathollo le libaka tsa polokelo ea lefatše.
