Patlo ea karabo ea potso e reng "liphiri li ja eng" e lebisa qetong ea hore li rata mefuta eohle. Ba re libata tse lapileng tse hlasetsoeng ke ho felloa ke tšepo li bile li beha hinning ka mekoting.
Likarolo tsa phepo ea liphiri
Phiri, joalo ka li-canine tsohle, e ja nama, empa, leha e nkuoa e le sebata se tsebahalang, nako le nako e hokahana le basomi.
Sebopeho sa lijo
Lijo tse ka sehloohong tsa liphiri ke li-ungulates, tseo phumaneho ea tsona le bongata li laolang palo ea batho ba phiri.... Mokhoa oa hae oa bophelo o boetse o ikamahanya le maemo a bophelo ba batho ba sa lumelang sebakeng se itseng.
Liphiri, ntle le batho ba sa lumelloang, li tsoma liphoofolo tse kang:
- li-hares, liphokojoe, marmots, badgers, ferrets le tse ling;
- li-raccoon le lintja tsa malapeng;
- litoeba, ho kenyelletsa li-gerbils, voles, li-squirrel tsa fatše le li-hamsters;
- linonyana tsa metsing, hangata nakong ea molt oa tsona;
- linonyana tsa likhoho, haholo liphoofolo tse nyane le molangoana;
- likhantsi (tse ruuoang le tse hlaha);
- linoha, mekholutsoane, lihohoana le lithole (tse sa tloaelehang).
Hoa thahasellisa! Ka linako tse ling liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo li fetohela lijong tse makatsang - li-steppes tsa Kizlyar (ha litsie li hlaha moo), li ile tsa fumana mantle a phiri, a neng a e-na le masalla a eona ka botlalo.
Ho ja batho
Ho ja mofuta oa bona ho tloaelehile ka har'a phiri, eo litho tsa eona ntle le tika-tiko li arohanyang motsoalle ea lemetseng / ea fokolang mariha a mabe. Hangata batho ba lapileng ba bolaea ba fokolang ha ba tlameha ho loanela lijo. Bahatelli ba fumaneng likotsi tse tšollang mali ntoeng ea basali hangata ba arohana.
Liphiri li monya tloaelo ea ho ja batho ka lebese la bo-mme. Ho e 'ngoe ea libaka tsa polokelo ea liphoofolo, malinyane a maholo a phiri a ile a tabola le ho ja phiri e fokolang ha a tlosoa nameng a isoa lijong tsa meroho. Liphiri ha li bolaee feela le ho ja liphoofolo tsa tsona tse lemetseng, empa hape ha li nyelise litopo tsa beng ka tsona. Nakong ea tlala, liphoofolo li sebelisa litopo tse ling ka boithaopo, ho fumana libaka tsa polao, libaka tsa lepato tsa likhomo, meqathatso ea salot kapa leraba la ho tsoma. Mariha, tsela ea sephutheloana sa phiri hangata e feta libakeng tseo litopo tse bolileng li lahloang khafetsa.
Ho tsoma, phofu
Phiri e ea tsoma ka shoalane, e e phethele hoseng. Haeba ho tsoma ho atlehile, liphiri li robala kapa li tsoelapele ho latedisa kamora bosiu bo bobe.
Ho tsoma liphiri
Ha a ntse a batla liphofu, liphiri li tsamaea ho fihlela lik'hilomithara tse 50 (esita le lehloeng le tebileng). Li latela litselana kamora 'mila, ke ka hona ho seng thata ho bala hore na ke tse kae tse jang tse ling mohlapeng. E le molao, ha ho na tse fetang 15 - liphoofolo tse nyane tse tsoang litsing tse 2 tsa ho qetela li nkuoa bakeng sa ho tsoma.
Hoa thahasellisa! Pelo, sebete le matšoafo li nkuoa li le monate, ke ka lebaka leo li lulang li ea ho monna e matla ka ho fetisisa, moetapele, ea nkang karolo ea "betha" nakong ea ho tsoma.
Ha li se li bone mohlape, liphiri li qala ho lelekisa ho fihlela e 'ngoe ea likhama tse tšehali e qala ho salla morao. Ha li se li fihletse sepheo, liphoofolo tse li jang li li lika-likelitse: tse ling - ka pele, ea bobeli - ho tloha ka morao, ea boraro - ho tloha mahlakoreng. Ha li se li kokotse likhama tse tona maotong a tsona, mohlape o tla ka bongata, o hlokofatsa phofu ea eona ea ho qetela. Libatana tse setseng li ikhula ka mokhoa o hlabisang lihlong.
Phiri e ja bokae
Sebata se tseba ho lapa ka libeke tse 2, empa se ja se bolokiloe, kamora ho ts'oasa papali... Empa le phiri e lapileng ha e khone ho koenya 25 kg ea nama, joalo ka ha mehloli e meng e bolela. Ka mpeng, 1.5-2 kg ea lijo e fumanoe, hobane e monya lik'hilograma tse fetang 3 ka nako e le ngoe, 'me se jeoang ho feta sena se khutla hape. Lipaki tse boneng ka mahlo li boletse kamoo liphoofolo tse 7-10 tse jang liphoofolo li ileng tsa loma pere bosiu, 'me phiri ea Turkmenistan e bolaile nkoana e le' ngoe e boima ba lik'hilograma tse 10 e le 'ngoe. Empa lipalo tsena ha li bue ka lijo tse jeoang hang, hobane karolo e 'ngoe ea setopo e patiloe ebe ea nkuoa. Ho tlatseletsa, basomi ba kang liphokojoe, mafiritšoane le manong ba rata ho ja liphoofolo tse bolailoeng ke liphiri.
Nako ea nako
Lijo tsa liphiri lia fapana (mme haholo haholo) ho latela nako. Ho feto-fetoha ha khetho ea lijo ho bonahala mokhoeng oa bophelo oa phiri ea phiri - ho lula u le teng ka linako tse futhumetseng ho nkeloa sebaka ke bo-hloma-u-hlomole mariha.
Lijo tsa lehlabula
Lenaneo la hlabula la liphiri ke lona le khahlang ka ho fetesisa ebile le na le vithamine, kaha le ipapisitse le mefuta e mengata ea lijo tsa limela / liphoofolo, ka mefuta ea eona e fapaneng le sebopeho sa bongata. Lehlabula, li-ungulates li tloaetse ho nyamela morao, li fane ka liphoofolo tse anyesang tse mahareng le tse nyane.
Ntle le moo, hlabula, protheine ea liphoofolo ea lijo tsa phiri e tlatsetsoa ka likarolo tsa semela:
- khahla ea phula le monokotšoai oa rowan;
- li-blueberries le li-lingonberry;
- nightshade le blueberries;
- liapole le lipere;
- litholoana tse ling (libakeng tse ka boroa).
Hoa thahasellisa! Liphiri li hlahloba mahapu, moo li latsoang mahapu le mahapu, empa hangata ha li li je joalo ka ha li li senya, li baka tšenyo ea mahapu. Lithabeng tsa Ural, liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo li hlafuna letlobo le monate, 'me ha li hane lijo-thollo tse fapaneng.
Ka boroa, selemong sa kotulo e eketsehileng ea "steppe cherry", masapo a eona a ne a lula a fumanoa mantleng a phiri.
Lijo tsa hoetla-mariha
Qetellong ea lehlabula le mathoasong a hoetla, liphiri li ntse li tsoela pele ho tsoma liphoofolo tse hlaha, ho lisa likhomo, ho cheka mekotla / mekoti, ho tsoma liphoofolo tse nyane (ho kenyelletsa le hares), le ho ts'oasa linonyana tsa metsing mabopong a 'mele. Phepelo ea lijo e bonahala e felile hang ha lehloa la pele le oela. Ka nako ena, liphiri li batla li fetohela ho li-ungulates, ho kenyeletsoa le likhama.
Mariha, liphoofolo li itsamaela litseleng tse fieloang 'me ka leqe li ea lehlakoreng la tsela, li bona terene kapa selei se le seng.... Ha ho bata haholo, liphiri li felloa ke tšabo, li atamela bolulo ba batho. Mona ba khasa ka molikong bakeng sa mehlape, ba tsoma lintja tse lebelang mme ba batla setopo, ba harola libaka tsa lepato tsa likhomo.
Lijo tsa selemo
Letsoho le nang le lesapo la tlala le utluoa haholo ho tšoara phiri molaleng mathoasong a selemo, ha liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo li fetoha lira tse mpe ka ho fetesisa tsa bahlahisi ba mehlape, haholoholo bao mapolasi a bona a leng masabasabeng. Ha selemo se ntse se atamela, palo ea mehlape ea lijo tsa phiri e ntse e hola ka mokhoa o hlakileng, e fihla sehlohlolong tlhorong ea lehlabula, ha malinyane a phiri a lapileng a qala ho fumana matla ka pakaneng.
Hoa thahasellisa! Ha ho qala ho futhumala, liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo tse lulang lehoatateng, lehoatata le likhohlopo li qala ho hlahisa li-ungulates tsa bakhachane - saigas, likhama, litšephe le likhama. Mme ka nako eo malinyane a hlahang, liphiri li bokellana ho potoloha libaka tsa manamane, moo ho hlajoang liphoofolo tse nyane le tse kholo.
Kamora ho qhoqhoa ke lehloa le qaleho ea liphoofolo tse ngata (Mmesa-Mots'eanong), liphiri li itlhophisa ho tloha ho li-ungulates ho isa ho libopuoa tse nyane tse mahareng.
Lijo ho latela sebaka
Lijo tsa liphoofolo tse li jang li boetse li khethoa ke sebaka sa bolulo. Liphiri tse lulang thotra li tsoma likhama tse hlaha / tse ruuoang mariha, ka ho hatisa manamane le maruarua. Ha ba le tseleng, liphoofolo tse nyane li hlajoa, ka mohlala, liphokojoe tse polar le hares. Liphiri tse lelerang mabopong a leoatle ho Nenets Autonomous Okrug li utsoetsa maraba le maraba, li nka litopo tsa liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa leoatleng tse lahliloeng ke leqhubu, tlhapi le litšila tsa khoebo.
Morung oa Tatarstan, liphiri li tsoma liphoofolo tse anyesang mariha a lehloa - mehlape / litopo (68%), hares (21%) le litoeba tsa morine (24%). Lijo tsa mantlha tsa liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo tse lulang bohareng ba meru ea meru e meholo ke liphoofolo tse ruuoang, litoeba tse nyane le hares.
Hoa thahasellisa! Phiri ea steppe e karolong e ka boroa ea Russia e ipapisitse le litoeba tse kang litoeba (35%), setopo (17%), hammoho le manamane, lintja, lipoli, linku le likolobe (16%).
Ka mpeng ea liphiri tsa Caucasus, ntle le lijo tsa liphoofolo, lijo-thollo tsa poone li ile tsa fumanoa, 'me ka Seukraine (haufi le Kiev) - esita le li-mushroom. Lehlabula, libakeng tse ka leboea tsa Kazakhstan, liphiri li felisa ka matla:
- hares;
- litoeba tse nyane (li-voles tse ngata tsa metsi);
- ptarmigan e nyane le grouse e ntšo;
- matata a manyane le a molting;
- likhama tse tšehali le linku (tse sa tloaelehang).
Liphiri tse lutseng lehoatateng la Betpak-Dala li iphepa haholo ka li-saigas, litšephe le li-hares, li sa lebale ka likolopata, li-jerboas, li-gerbils le likokoanyana.
Phepo ea malinyane
Manamane a boima ba 300-500 g, a koahetsoeng ke boea bo bosootho bo bosootho, a tsoaloa a foufetse ebile a koetsoe ka likanale tsa tsebe, a boela a bona ka matsatsi a 9 ho isa ho a 12. Meno a tsona a lebese a hlaha pakeng tsa beke ea bobeli le ea bone, 'me malinyane a libeke tse 3 a khasa a tsoa ka mokoting a le mong. Ka lilemo tse tšoanang, ba lula ba le bang ha baholo ba ntse ba tsoma, 'me ka likhoeli tse 1.5 ba ka hasana le ho ipata kotsing.
Phiri e fepa malinyane ka lebese ho fihlela likhoeli tse 1.5, 'me ka boeona e ja seo e tona e se tlisang: papali e ts'oeroeng kapa lebanta ka mokhoa oa nama e hahiloeng ka halofo. Malinyane, a fihletseng libeke tse 3-4, a ja boroko ka bo ona, a siea mme ka makumane.
Bohlokoa! Li-zoologists li fana ka maikutlo a hore ho fepa malinyane ka ho belching (halofo e sililoeng) ho bakoa ke khaello ea li-enzyme tse silang lijo tse bitsoang peptidases. Ho ile ha hlokomeloa hore malinyane a fepiloeng ka botlolo, a sa fumaneng mabanta, a ne a le morao haholo ho nts'etsopele le kholo, hape a tšoeroe ke rickets.
Bacha ba likhoeli tse 3-4 ha ba sa hloka ho belisoa, 'me ba qala ho fepa liphoofolo tse nyane tse huleloang ka mokoting ke batsoali ba bona. Liphiri tse tšehali li ntse li omella haholo hlabula, ha malinyane a nona kapele, haholo likhoeling tse 4 tsa pele tsa bophelo. Nakong ena, boima ba bona bo eketseha makhetlo a ka bang 30 (ho tloha ho 0,35-0.45 kg ho isa ho 14-15 kg). Phiri e nyane ka karolelano e boima ba lik'hilograma tse 16-17 ka likhoeli tse tšeletseng.
Kamora hore malinyane a be matla ka ho lekana, batho ba baholo ba a ruta ho ts'oara le ho bolaea liphoofolo, ba e tlise ka lemeneng e ntse e phela, leha e entsoe. Bohareng ba lehlabula, tse tona tse holileng ka botlalo li se li ntse li isa liphoofolo tse nyane liphoofolong tse hlabiloeng, empa koetliso e matla e qala hamorao. Ka Phato, liphiri tse seng li holile li leka ho tšoasa litoeba le lintho tse ling tse nyenyefatsang, mme ka Loetse ba ba karolo e felletseng ea ho tsoma li-ungulates.
