Moemeli enoa oa lelapa le lenyane la badger o ile a fumana lebitso "pig badger" ka lebaka la sefahleho sa nko le thiba molomo e tsamaeang le eona ha e batla mobu.
Kolobe Badger Tlhaloso
Arctonyx collaris (nama ea kolobe badger) e tsoang lelapeng la weasel e lula e bitsoa teledu, e fosahetseng mme e bakoa ke phoso e entsoeng ke Academician Vladimir Sokolov mosebetsing "Systematics of mammals" (volume III). Ebile, lebitso "teledu" ke la mofuta oa Mydaus javanensis (Sunda smelly badger) o tsoang ho mofuta oa Mydaus, oo Sokolov a ileng a o hloloheloa nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso.
Ponahalo
Phoofolo ea kolobe ha e fapane hanyane le lipela tse ling ntle le hore e na le molomo o molelele ho feta o nang le sekhechana se litšila se pinki se koahetsoeng ke moriri o monyane. Phoofolo ea kolobe ea batho ba baholo e hola ho fihla ho 0.55-0.7 m mme e boima ba 7-14 kg.Ke sebatana se se tenya, se mahareng ka mmele o teteaneng, se lenngwe ka maoto a teteaneng.... Maoto a ka pele a na le manala a matla, a kobehileng haholo, a loketseng ho cheka.
Molala ha o phatlalatsoe, ke ka hona mmele o batlang o kopana le hlooho, e nang le sebopeho se kopaneng. Tleloubu e bobebe e tšeloa ke metopa e meholo e meholo e lefifi e tsoang molomong o kaholimo ho ea molaleng (ka mahlo le litsebe). Litsebe tsa lipela tsa kolobe li nyane, li koahetsoe ka botlalo ke boea. Mahlo a manyane ebile a sephara a arohane. Mohatla oa bolelele bo bolelele (12-17 cm) o tšoana le borashe bo tousled, mme ka kakaretso moriri oa liphoofolo tse li jang o bobebe ebile o fokola.
Ka mokokotlong, ho mela jase e bosootho bo bosehla, bohlooho kapa bosootho bo lefifi, ka molumo o ts'oanang le boea bo koahelang maoto a ka pele. Maoto a ka morao a nang le mahlakore ka linako tse ling a bobebe 'me a na le bosootho bo bosehla. Mpa, maoto le maoto hangata li lefifi, 'me' mala o bobebe (o batlang o le mosoeu), ntle le thiba molomo, o boetse oa bonahala lintlheng tsa litsebe, 'metso, mokokotlo (ka likhechana) le mohatla. Phoofolo ea kolobe, joaloka lipela tse ling, e na le litšoelesa tse tsoetseng pele tsa manaka.
Mokgwa wa bophelo, boitshwaro
Phoofolo ea kolobe e tlameletsoe ka mokoting oa eona ebe e phela nako e telele, e sa tsamaee ho feta limithara tse 400-500 ho tloha moo e lulang teng ka mehla. ... Ka lijo tse ngata, liphoofolo li lula haufi, li beha mekoti letsoapong le le leng la phula. Li-burrows li chekoa ka botsona kapa li sebelisa matloana a tlhaho, ho etsa mohlala, ho hohola ha makala nokeng kapa ho haelloa ke majoe.
Hoa thahasellisa! Ba qeta nako e ngata ka sekoting: mariha - eseng le letsatsi, empa libeke. Likhoeling tse thata ka ho fetesisa (Pulungoana ho isa Hlakubele - Hlakubele), lipela li kena hibernation, eo, leha ho le joalo, e sa luleng e le telele, joalo ka lipela tse ngata, empa e nka matsatsi a mangata.
O lula ka sekoting seo a se chekileng ka lilemo, a holisa, a tebisa le ho eketsa maporogo, ka lebaka la hore e fetoha e makatsang le e rarahaneng: ho tsoa ha 2-5 ho nkeloa sebaka ke manhole a macha a 40-50. Ke 'nete hore ho na le likotopo tse' maloa tse ka sehloohong tse sebetsang khafetsa, tse ling kaofela li maemong a tse ling, tse sebelisoang haeba ho ka ba le kotsi kapa bakeng sa lipela tse hahabang moeeng o hloekileng.
Likolobe tse likolobe li tloaetse ho ikhetholla 'me hangata li lula li batla lijo ka bonngoe.... Mokhelo ke tse tshehadi tse nang le manamane, tse jang hammoho mmoho le mokoti.
Mokotatsie oa hlapi o hloekile ka mokhoa o makatsang - ha ho masalla (joalo ka phokojoe) kapa mantle. Kamora ho hloeka ka tlhaho, phoofolo e hlomella matloana lihlahleng / joang bo bolelele, joalo ka molao, hole le matlo.
Haufinyane ho senotsoe hore phoofolo ea kolobe e tsohile eseng bosiu feela (joalo ka ha ho ne ho nahanoa pele), empa le motšehare. Ntle le moo, sebatana ha se tšabe batho mme, ho fapana le liphoofolo tse ngata tse hlaha, ha se ipate ha se ntse se tsamaea ka morung. O fofonela holimo, o lahlela fatše ka nko, 'me o etsa lerata le leholo ha a tsamaea, a utloahalang haholo-holo har'a makhasi a omileng le joang.
Bohlokoa! Mahlo a hae ha a bone hantle - o bona feela lintho tse tsamaeang, 'me kutlo ea hae e ts'oana le ea motho. Kutloelo-bohloko ea monko, e ntlafalitsoeng hamolemo ho feta likutlo tse ling, e thusa phoofolo ho tsamaea sepakapakeng.
Boemong bo khutsitseng, phoofolo e ea honotha, e le boemong bo halefileng, e honotha ka tšohanyetso, e fetohela ho sosobaneng ha e loana le beng ka eona kapa e kopana le lira. Phoofolo ea kolobe e khona ho sesa, empa e kena ka metsing ka lebaka la tlhoko e potlakileng.
Pela e phela nako e telele
Ha ba le botlamuoeng, baemeli ba mofuta ona ba phela ho fihlela lilemo tse 14-16, empa ba phela hanyane naheng.
Dimorphism ea thobalano
Joaloka li-weasel tsohle tse kholo (badger, harza, otter le tse ling), pig badger ha e na phapang pakeng tsa tse tona le tse tšehali.
Mefuta ea likolobe
Hajoale, li-subspecies tse 6 tsa nama ea kolobe li hlalosoa, tse fapaneng haholo kantle le kahare ho lehae la tsona:
- Arctonyx collaris collaris - Assam, Bhutan, Sikkim le boroa-bochabela ba Himalaya;
- Arctonyx collaris albugularis - boroa ho China;
- Mohatelli oa Arctonyx collaris - Vietnam, Thailand le Burma leboea;
- Arctonyx collaris consul - Myanmar le Assam e ka boroa;
- Arctonyx collaris leucolaemus - leboea ho China;
- Arctonyx collaris hoevi - Sumatra.
Bohlokoa! Ha se litsebi tsohle tsa liphoofolo tse khethollang li-subspecies tse 6 tsa Arctonyx collaris: baqapi ba Lenane le Lefubelu la IUCN ba na le bonnete ba hore phoofolo ea kolobe e na le li-subspecies tse 3 feela.
Habitat, habitats
Phoofolo ea kolobe e lula Asia Boroa-bochabela 'me e fumanoa Bangladesh, Bhutan, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, India, Burma, Laos, Cambodia, Indonesia le Sumatra.
Kabo e sa khaotseng ea mefuta ena e bonoa leboea-bochabela ho India, le Bangladesh, moo palo ea liphoofolo e lulang ka boroa-bochabela ho naha.
Naheng ea Bangladesh, "badger" e koahela:
- Chunoti Wildlife Sanctuary;
- Khampasi ea Chittagong University;
- Fashahali Wildlife Sanctuary;
- leboea-bochabela (litereke tsa Sylhet, Habigondj le Mulovibazar);
- Sebaka sa Naha sa Lazachara.
Laos, liphoofolo li lula haholo karolong e ka leboea, bohareng le boroa ba naha, ha Vietnam mefuta ea kolobe ea kolobe e arohane haholo. Mofuta ona o lula merung e boima ea tropike (e botala le e lulang e le setala) le liphula tsa likhohola, mobu oa temo le meru. Libakeng tse lithaba, kolobe ea kolobe e ka fumanoa holimo ho 3.5 km ka holim'a bophahamo ba leoatle.
Lijo tsa nama ea kolobe
Phoofolo e jang liphoofolo ke ea mofuta o mong le e mong, 'me e fumana lijo tsa eona tse fapaneng ka lebaka la nko ea nko e bonojoana. Lijo tsa nama ea kolobe e kenyelletsa lijo tsa limela le tsa liphoofolo:
- metso e nang le lero le lijalo tsa motso;
- litholoana;
- invertebrates (liboko le liboko);
- liphoofolo tse anyesang tse nyane.
Ho fumana lijo, sebatana se sebetsa ka mafolofolo ka maoto a sona a ka pele ka manala a matla, se hasanya mobu ka sefahleho sa sona le ho sebelisa molars / incisors ea mohlahare o ka tlase. Hangata batho ba moo ba bona pela e tšoasa makhala linokeng tse nyenyane tse haufi.
Ho ikatisa le bana
Nako ea ho nyalanya hangata e oa ka Mots'eanong, empa tsoalo ea bana e ea lieha - tse nyane li hlaha kamora likhoeli tse 10, e hlalositsoeng ke sethaleng sa morao, moo nts'etsopele ea lesea le emmeng e liehang.
Ka Hlakubele - Hlakubele selemong se hlahlamang, phooko e tšehali ea nama ea kolobe e tlisa ho tloha ho 2 ho isa ho 6, empa hangata malinyane a mararo a hlokang thuso le a foufetseng ka ho felletseng, a boima ba 70-80 g.
Hoa thahasellisa! Malinyane a nts'etsapele butle butle, a fumana li-auricles ka libeke tse 3, a bula mahlo matsatsing a 35-42 mme a fumana meno ka khoeli e le 'ngoe.
Nakong ea ho theoa ha meno, ho thoe ho fokotseha, ha ho phatloha ha meno a lebese ho emisa, empa ha a le lilemo li likhoeli tse 2,5, kholo ea tse sa feleng e qala. Li-zoologists li amahanya ketsahalo ena le nako e telele ea ho fepa lebese le nako ea morao, empa e potlakela lekhulong.
Lactation ea basali e nka likhoeli tse ka bang 4... Lipela tse nyane li rata ho ithata le ho bapala le bara le barali babo rona, empa ha ba ntse ba hola ba lahleheloa ke tsebo ea ho kopanya lichaba le takatso ea ho buisana. Likolobe tsa kolobe li fumana mesebetsi ea ho ikatisa ka likhoeli tse 7-8.
Lira tsa tlhaho
Pudi ya kolobe e na le mekgwa e mmalwa e thusang ho itšireletsa khahlanong le lira tsa tlhaho, ho kenyeletsoa le li-fining tse kholo (lengau, nkoe, lengau) le batho.
Hoa thahasellisa! Meno a matla le manala a matla a sebelisoa ka litsela tse peli ka nako e le 'ngoe: pela e potlakela ho roba mobu le eona ho ipatela mangau / linkoe, kapa e a e loantše haeba ho baleha ho sa atlehe.
Karolong ea sebapali se bonang, ho na le mebala e makatsang ea methapo e melelele, eo, ka tsela, e sa khahliseng libatana tsohle. Tšitiso e latelang ke letlalo le letenya, le etselitsoeng ho itšireletsa maqeba a tebileng, hammoho le lekunutu le bohloko le patiloeng ke litšoelesa tsa anal.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Tloaelo ea hajoale ea baahi ba li-collar tsa Arctonyx ho tloha ka 2018 e nkuoa e fokotseha. Lethathamong le Lefubelu la IUCN, phoofolo ea kolobe e thathamisitsoe e le mofuta o tlokotsing ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ha lipalo khafetsa. Ho tsoma ho nkuoa e le e 'ngoe ea litšokelo tsa mantlha, haholo Vietnam le India, moo phoofolo ea kolobe e tsongoang ka lebaka la letlalo le letenya le mafura. Sekhahla sa ho fokotseha se lebelletsoe ho eketseha, haholo-holo Myanmar le Cambodia. Boemo naheng ea Cambodia bo mpefatsoa ke tlhoko ea phoofolo ea kolobe ea meriana ea setso, e sebelisoang haholo libakeng tsa mahaeng.
Palo ea lipela e boetse ea fokotseha ka lebaka la tšenyo ea libaka tsa bona tsa bolulo tse tloaelehileng tlasa khatello ea lekala la liindasteri tsa temo. Ho fokotseha hanyane ha baahi ho hakanngoa hoo e ka bang. Sumatra le boholo ba China. Naheng ea Lao People's Democratic Republic le Vietnam, lipela tsa nama ea kolobe hangata li tšoasoa ka maraba a tšepe a etselitsoeng ho ts'oasa batho ba baholo. Sebopeho sa ts'ebeliso ea maraba a joalo se atolohile lilemong tse 20 tse fetileng, mme mokhoa ona o ntse o tsoela pele.
Bohlokoa! Ntle le moo, mofuta ona o kotsing e kholo ka lebaka la bophelo ba ona ba ho fetoha ha letsatsi le ho hloka lekunutu la tlhaho. Likolobe ha li tšabe batho ba atisang ho tla morung le lintja le libetsa.
Ho tsoma e ntse e le tšokelo e kholo libakeng tse ka bochabela tsa mokoloko, ntle le ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa libakeng tsa bophirima. Liphoofolo tse ngata tsa nama ea kolobe li shoa nakong ea likhohola tsa nako le nako tsa sebaka sa likhohola Kaziranga National Park (India). Litaba tsa kolobe ea nama ea kolobe ka lehlakoreng la batho li na le likhopolo tse 'maloa: pele, liphoofolo, ho hahola mobu, ho senya lijalo, mme, la bobeli, ka monyetla o phahameng, ke bajari ba rabies.
Arctonyx collaris e sirelelitsoe ke molao Thailand, naheng ka bophara India, le tlasa Wildlife Act (2012) naheng ea Bangladesh. Phoofolo ea kolobe ha ea sireletsoa ka molao Vietnam / Cambodia, 'me ke phoofolo e anyesang e kholo ka ho fetisisa e sa itšireletseng, ntle le Sus scrofa (kolobe e hlaha), Myanmar. Ke feela tse jalang tsa Arctonyx collaris tse kenyellelitsoeng ho China Red List of Vulnerable Species.
