Li-dolphin esale li tsejoa ke batho ho tloha mehleng ea khale, ha basesisi ba pele ba bona kamoo liphoofolo tsena li tsamaeang le likepe tsa bona. Li-dolphin tsa Bottlenose li khetholloa ka botsoalle le papali ea tsona, ha li tšabe batho ebile li ikemiselitse ho ikopanya le tsona. 'Me bohlale ba bona bo potlakileng le bohlale bo phahameng li lumella bafuputsi ba bang ho pheha khang ea hore dolphin ea botlolo e lokela ho nkuoa e le mofuta o bohlale, oo mohlomong, ho feta lilemo tse limilione tsa ho iphetola hoa lintho, o thehileng tsoelopele ea ona tlasa metsi.
Tlhaloso ea dolphin ea bottlenose
Dolphin ea bottlenose, eo hape e bitsoang dolphin e kholo kapa ea bottlenose, ke ea mofuta o tšoanang oa li-dolphin tsa bottlenose, eo, ntle le eona, mefuta e meng e 'meli e amanang le eona e leng ea tsona: li-dolphin tsa India le tsa Australia. Tsena ke li-dolphin tse tummeng ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng.
Ponahalo
'Mele oa dolphin oa bottlenose o na le sebopeho se bopehileng joaloka sekontiri, se etsang hore phoofolo ena e anyesang e shebahale joalo ka tlhapi, empa ka nako e ts'oanang e fana ka hydrodynamics e ntle ka ho fokotsa khohlano khahlano le metsi. 'Mele oa hae o ka pele o shebahala o le moholo ho feta ka morao.
Ka nako e ts'oanang, sebopeho sa 'mele sa li-dolphin tse lulang leoatleng le le lulang haufi le lebopo se batla se fapane. Tsa pele li na le 'mele o matla le o matla, ha tse morao li shebahala li le bokhabane ho feta, mme hangata li le nyane hanyane ka boholo.
Hlooho e otlolohile ka sebopeho ka pele e bitsoang bulge ka pele, e bitsoang mosamo oa ka pele-nasal, o nang le lisele tsa adipose. Phetoho ho molomo o molelele joalo ka molomo o bohale, o theha sebopeho sa hlooho ea mofuta ona. Mohlahare o ka tlase oa li-dolphin tsa botlolo o tsoetse pele hanyane hanyane ho feta o holimo. Likoti tsa moea, tse bitsoang li-spirals, li falliselitsoe hodimo mme li fumaneha hoo e ka bang kaholimo ho hlooho.
Lephegwana la hlapi la mokwatla, le le kobegilego morago, le na le sebopego sa go swana le bogale bja sekele ya ngwedi. Maphegwana a pectoral, ka bophara botlaaseng bja ona, a tepa go fihla mafelelong. Li kopane ka pele, 'me li qhibiliha ho tloha ntlheng e ka morao. Lephegwana la mosela le arogantšwe, le maatla ebile le maatla.
Ho khahlisa! Dolphin ea botlolo e hloka mapheoana eseng feela bakeng sa motsamao: hape ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa phetiso ea mocheso, ntle le eona dolphin e ne e ke ke ea ba teng ntle le eona. Ho na le linyeoe ha li-dolphin tsa bottlenose li shoele ka lebaka la ho chesa haholo, ha li lahleloa lebopong. Tabeng ena, mapheoana a bona, a lahlehetsoeng ke kamano le metsi, a khaolitse ho sebetsa mme a se a sa khone ho nka karolo ho thermoregulation.
'Mele oa dolphin ea bottlenose o pentiloe bosootho bo sootho ka holimo,' mala o bobebe ka tlase: ho tloha bohlooho ho isa ho o mosoeu. Tabeng ena, ho na le likhetho tse peli bakeng sa mebala ea 'mele. Li-dolphin tsa mofuta oa pele, ho na le phapang e hlakileng lipakeng tsa 'mala o lefifi oa kaholimo le mpa e tšoeu kapa e bobebe bo bobebe. Ho li-dolphin tsa botlolo tse nang le mofuta oa bobeli oa 'mala, moeli lipakeng tsa likarolo tse bobebe le tse lefifi tsa' mele ha o tsejoe hantle, o shebahala joalo ka mola o sa hlakang, o robehileng kapa oa wavy oa lesela le boputsoa.
Boholo ba botlolo
Bolelele ba 'mele oa liphoofolo tsena tse anyesang ke limithara tse 2.3-3, ka linako tse ling ho fumanoa batho ba baholo, bao litekanyo tsa tsona li fihlang ho limithara tse 3,6. Ka nako e ts'oanang, bolelele ba 'mele oa banna ke lisenthimithara tse 10 ho isa ho tse 20. Boima ba li-dolphin tsa bottlenose hangata ke 150-300 kg.
Botho le mokhoa oa bophelo
Li-dolphin tsa botlolo li lula fatše, empa ka linako tse ling li ka lelera, li khobokane ka mehlape e menyenyane. Ba tsohile motšehare, 'me bosiu ba robala, ba tsohile ka holim'a metsi. Ho khahlisang ke hore borokong ba bona, karolo e 'ngoe ea boko e ntse e sebetsa, ha e' ngoe e ntse e phomotse. Sena se lumella phoofolo hore e lemohe ka nako e kotsi kotsi e ka bang teng mme e heme ka nako, e tsoe ka metsing.
Li-dolphin tsa Bottlenose ke liphoofolo tse ratang botsoalle haholo. Ba rata ho tsuba le ho bapala. Libopuoa tsena ha li fapane ka botsitso, 'me hoa etsahala hore li-dolphin tsa bottlenose li fallele mohlapeng o mong ka mabaka a tsejoang ke tsona feela.
Likolong tsa li-dolphin, ho ka ba le taolo e hlakileng kapa e hlakileng. Liphoofolo tsohle tse kenyellelitsoeng ho eona li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse arohaneng ho latela lilemo tsa tsona: batho ba baholo, ba hola ebile ba banyenyane haholo. Hlooho ea pakete ke moetapele, hangata, e ba monna e moholo le ea matla ka ho fetesisa.
Li-dolphin li tsejoa ka botsoalle ba tsona ho batho.
Paleng eohle ea tsoelo-pele ea batho, ha ho nyeoe e le 'ngoe e hlokometsoeng hore li-dolphin tsa botlolo li hlasela batho, empa le bo-rahistori ba mehleng ea khale ba hlokometse hore makhetlo a fetang a le mong dolphin e ile ea pholosa basesisi ba khangoang ke metsi likepeng tse senyehileng.
Hoa etsahala hore ba bile ba beha bophelo ba bona kotsing ho sireletsa batho ho lishaka. Bakeng sa sena, li-dolphin tsa botlolo li bonahala li lika-liketsa batho ka lesale le teteaneng mme ba sesa ho potoloha, ho thibela sebatana ho atamela motho eo e ka bang phofu ea hae.
Dolphin ea botlolo e sesa hantle ebile e ka fihla lebelo la likilometara tse 40 ka hora leoatleng, e batlang e lekana le lebelo la sekepe sa leoatle. Liphoofolo tsena li tlolela ka metsing bolelele ba limithara tse 5. Ka nako e ts'oanang, li-dolphin li etsa maqheka a mangata a li-acrobatic, moelelo oa oona o ntse o sa hlaka ho bafuputsi, le hoja ba bang ba bona ba lumela hore ena ke karolo ea puisano ea puisano ea libōpuoa tsena tse hlollang.
Li-dolphin tsa Bottlenose li na le lisebelisoa tse rarahaneng tsa lentsoe, ka thuso ea tsona liphoofolo tsena li ntša melumo e fapaneng, e tloaelehileng le khafetsa ea maqhubu a maqhubu, a ke keng a utloahala ho batho. Har'a mekhoa ea puisano e utloahalang ea li-dolphin tsa bottlenose, motho a ka khetholla ho bohola hoo a ho ntšang ho lelekisa phofu, meow eo ba e etsang nakong ea ho fepa, le ho opa melumo e sebeletsang li-dolphin tsa botlolo ho tšosa beng ka tsona. Ha li tsamaea ka metsing 'me li ntse li batla liphoofolo tse li jang, li-dolphin tsena li etsa melumo e lerata, e leng se re hopotsang ho sila ha lihokelo tsa menyako.
Bohlale ke liphoofolo tse ling tse fokolang, ntle le lichimpanzi, tse ka bapisoang le tsona. Ka mohlala, li-dolphin tsa bottlenose li ne li tsejoa ka bokhoni ba ho utloisisa lintho tse kang bokhoni ba ho etsisa boitšoaro ba batho, ho utloisisa tatellano ea puo e entsoeng ka maiketsetso, bokhoni ba ho utloisisa likhopolo tse sa utloahaleng, 'me, ho bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa, bokhoni ba ho itseba ka seiponeng, e leng bopaki ba boteng ba boitsebelo bo fumanehang ho sena. libopuoa.
Ho na le li-dolphin tse ngata tse nang le botlolo
Ka karolelano, li-dolphin tsa bottlenose li phela lilemo tse ka bang 20, empa li ka phela lilemo tse 40 kapa ho feta.
Li-subspecies tsa botlolo
Ka tlhaho, ho na le bonyane li-subspecies tse tharo tsa li-dolphin tsa bottlenose, tseo baemeli ba tsona ba fapaneng ka ntle hanyane hanyane:
- Dolphin ea leoatle le letšoho lula Leoatleng le Letšo.
- Dolphin e tloaelehileng ea botlolo, eo bodulo ba yona e leng Lewatle la Mediterranean le Atlantic.
- Dolphin ea botlolo ea Bochabela bo Hōlee phelang metsing a futhumetseng a sebaka sa North Pacific.
Mabapi le indian bottlenose dolphin, e fapaneng le baemeli ba li-subspecies tsohle tse boletsoeng ka holimo ka nko e teletsana le meno a batlang a le meholo mohlahareng o kaholimo, joale litsebi tsa liphoofolo ha li na tumellano ea hore na e ka e nka e le mofuta o ikemetseng kapa mofuta o monyane oa dolphin ea bottlenose.
Habitat, habitats
Li-dolphin tsa Bottlenose li lula libakeng tse futhumetseng le tse futhumetseng tsa Leoatle la Lefatše. Ka Atlantic, e ka bonoa hohle, ho tloha mabopong a South Greenland ho ea Argentina, Uruguay le Afrika Boroa. Lebala la eona le kenyelletsa maoatle a Caribbean, Mediterranean, Black le Baltic. Leoatleng la India, dolphin ea botlolo e phela ho tloha Leoatleng le Lefubelu ho ea Australia Boroa. Leoatleng la Pacific, li-dolphin tsena li se li fumanoe haufi le mabopo a Japane le Lihlekehleke tsa Kuril, 'me sebaka sa tsona sa bolulo sebakeng sena se hohloa lihlekehleke tsa Tasmania, New Zealand le Argentina.
Tse ling tsa li-dolphin tsa botlolo li khetha ho lula leoatleng le bulehileng, ha tse ling li lula lebopong la leoatle, li se botebo ba limithara tse 30.
Lijo tsa botlolo
Li-dolphin tsa Bottlenose ke liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo, motheo oa lijo tsa tsona ke litlhapi haholo. Ho ipapisitse le sebaka sa bona sa bolulo, li-dolphin tse nko e nang le botlolo li ja litlhapi, boholo ba tsona li bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 30, hobane ho thata haholo ho sebetsana le phofu e kholo. Har'a limenyemenye tseo ba li ratang haholo ke li-anchovies, mackerel, mullet e boholo bo mahareng le bass ea leoatleng. Ho feta moo, li-dolphin li ka fepa li-crustaceans le li-cephalopods tse nyane. Ka nako e ts'oanang, li-dolphin tse nang le botlolo li sebelisa meno a tsona a bohale ho se tabola phofu ea tsona kapa ho e hlafuna, empa li e sebelisa feela ho e ts'oara, kaha li-dolphin tsena li koenya litlhapi kapa lijo tse ling tse li loketseng kaofela.
Ho khahlisa! Hoa etsahala hore li-dolphin tsa bottlenose ho bonahala li sebelisana le batho, li ba thusa ho khanna likolo tsa litlhapi ka letlooeng nakong ea ho tsoma. Li-dolphin ka boeona, ntlheng ena, li khotsofetse ke litlhapi tseo batšoasi ba litlhapi ba sa kang ba li tšoasa.
Ho ikatisa le bana
Nako ea ho ikatisa ea li-dolphin tsa bottlenose e etsahala nakong ea selemo le lehlabula. Ka nako e ts'oanang, basali ba fihletseng bonyane lilemo tse hlano ba ka ikatisa, 'me ba batona ba hola ho fihlela thobalano le kamora nako - ba le lilemo li 10-13.
Bokhachane ba basali ba liphoofolo tsena bo nka selemo 'me lehlabuleng le hlahlamang ngoana o mong oa hlaha,' mele oa eona o bolelele ba mithara. Ka karolelano e boima ba lik'hilograma tse 10. Pelehi e etsahala tlasa metsi, 'me, ntle le' m'a ea lebeletseng, basali ba 'maloa ba teng ho bona. Dolphin e tsoaloa e e-na le mohatla pele 'me kamora metsotso e seng mekae ea hlaha, e felehelitsoe ke' m'a eona, holim'a metsi ho phefumoloha ka lekhetlo la pele.
Qalong, e tšehali hangata e mo fepa lebese: metsotso e meng le e meng e 10-30 kamora ho fepa pele. Nako ena kaofela, lesea le leka ho lula haufi le 'm'a lona, empa hamorao, ha le qala ho ja lijo tse tiileng, le khona ho sesa hole le lona. Dolphin e tšehali e ntse e tsoela pele ho fepa malinyane a eona ho fihlela likhoeling tse 18-23, 'me hangata ho khoesoa ho qetela ho etsahala feela kamora ho beleha ngoana e mong. Leha ho le joalo, lesea le leholo la dolphin le qeta lilemo tse ling tse tšeletseng le e-na le 'm'a lona le banab'abo lona ba banyenyane le likhaitseli. Hangata, li-dolphin tsa botšehali tse botšehali li tsoala lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 2-3, empa haeba lesea la dolphin le shoa hang kamora ho beleha, le ka nyalana hape ka selemo.
Li-dolphin tsa bottlenose li ka kopana le li-dolphin tsa mefuta e meng esita le maruarua a manyane, 'me, ho latela lipatlisiso tsa bafuputsi ba bang, sena ha se etsahale feela botlamuoeng, empa hape, le ha se hangata, esita le tikolohong e hlaha ea liphoofolo tsena.
Kahoo, ho na le linyeoe tse tsebahalang tsa tsoalo ea masea a nyalisitsoeng ho tsoa li-dolphin tse tloaelehileng le maruarua a manyane a bolaeang. Likonyana tse tsoetsoeng ka lifapano le tse qetellang li bitsoa li-whale tse bolaeang, tseo ponahalo le boholo ba tsona li leng karolelano ha li bapisoa le litšobotsi tsa batsoali ba bona. Ho khahlisang, ho fapana le mefuta e mengata e nyalisitsoeng, mestizo e joalo ha e na thari: mohlala, ho bile le linyeoe tsa katleho ea katleho ea maruarua a bolaeang botlamuoeng.
Lira tsa tlhaho
Lira tse ka sehloohong tsa li-dolphin tsa bottlenose maemong a tlhaho ke nkoe, dusky le shark-nosed shark. Maruarua a maholo a bolaeang le ona a ka ba hlasela, empa sena ha se etsahale hangata.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Palo ea palo ea li-dolphin tsa botlolo ha e tsejoe, hobane mefuta ea mofuta ona e pharalletse haholo mme ho ke ke ha khoneha ho bala palo ka nepo. Ho tsebahala feela hore li-dolphin tsa bottlenose ke mefuta e mengata ka ho fetisisa le e atileng har'a li-dolphin tsohle.
Ho latela tlhophiso ea IUCN, dolphin e nko ea botlolo ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e sa ameheng haholo. Leha ho le joalo, ho fokotseha ha palo ea batho ka bomong ho lebisitse ho hore li-dolphin tsa bottlenose tsa Leoatle le Letšo li kenyelelitsoe Bukeng e khubelu ea Russia.
Li-dolphin tsa Bottlenose li nkuoa e le se seng sa libopuoa tse makatsang ka ho fetesisa tsa tlhaho ka lebaka. Bohlale ba bona ba tlhaho, semelo se mosa le tsebo ea puisano li ba etsa mofuta o tsoetseng pele oa libopuoa tse phelang Lefatšeng. Hoa hlolla hore li-dolphin tsena ha li qobe batho, ho fapana le hoo, hangata li sesa lebopong mme ka boithatelo li ikopanya le bathers. Ho bona ha li-dolphin tse botlolo li ntse li phatloha ka leoatleng ho etsa hore batho ba ikutloe ba khutsitse ba bile ba e-na le khotso. Ha se ha lefeela hore basesisi ba mehleng ea khale ba ne ba nka li-dolphin e le ntho e joalo ka mangeloi a bona a ba sirelletsang, ba neng ba felehetsa likepe tsa bona ba sa khaotse nakong ea ho tsamaea, 'me, ha ho hlokahala, ba thusa batho ba khangoang ke metsi ho fihla lebopong, mme ka linako tse ling ba bile ba ba sireletsa ho lishaka.
