Likhama tse tšoeu tse tšoeu (Odocoileus virginianus) ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e meraro ea likhama Amerika Leboea. Mefuta e meng e 'meli e kenyelletsa likhama tsa' mule (Odocoileus hemionus) le likhama tse mohatla o motšo (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus). Beng ka bona ba babeli ba likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu ba na le ponahalo e ts'oanang. Likhama ka bobeli li nyane hanyane ka boholo, li na le boea bo bosootho le manaka a sebopeho se fapaneng.
Tšimoloho ea mofuta le tlhaloso
Setšoantšo: Likhama tse tšoeu
Khama e mohatla o mosoeu ke e 'ngoe ea liphoofolo tse anyesang tse matla ka ho fetisisa Amerika Leboea. Lebaka le ka sehloohong leo mofuta ona o pholohileng ka nako e telele ke ka lebaka la ho ikamahanya le maemo. Ha nako ea leqhoa e fihla, lintho tse ngata tse phelang li ne li sa khone ho phela maemong a fetohang ka potlako, empa likhama tse mohatla o mosoeu li ile tsa atleha.
Mofuta ona o fetoha haholo, o thusitsoe ho phela ka likarolo tse kang:
- mesifa e matla ea leoto;
- manaka a maholo;
- lipontšo tsa tlhokomeliso;
- boea bo fetolang mmala.
Kgama e mehatla e tšoeu e tsejoa e sebelisa manaka a eona linthong tse ngata, joalo ka ho betana le ho tšoaea sebaka sa eona. Lilemong tse limilione tse 3.5 tse fetileng, manaka a likhama tse tšoeu a fetohile haholo ka lebaka la tlhoko ea boholo bo boholo le botenya. Kaha manaka a sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho kampana, molao o akaretsang oa monoana o motona ke hore o moholo o ntlafala.
Khama e mohatla o mosoeu ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta ea liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa khale ka ho fetisisa tse phelang Amerika Leboea. Mofuta ona o lilemo tse ka bang limilione tse 3.5. Ka lebaka la lilemo tsa bona, ho thata ho tseba baholo-holo ba likhama. Kgama e mehatla e tšoeu e fumanoe e amana haufi-ufi le Odocoileus brachyodontus, ka liphapang tse nyane. E ka boela ea hokahanngoa le mefuta e meng ea khale ea likhama maemong a DNA.
Ponahalo le likarolo
Setšoantšo: Likhama tse tšoeu tse mehatla ea liphoofolo
Khama e mohatla o mosoeu (Odocoileus virginianus) ke e 'ngoe ea liphoofolo tse hlaha tse ngata ka ho fetisisa libakeng tsa Amerika. Li-molts tse peli tsa selemo li hlahisa matlalo a mabeli a fapaneng ka ho felletseng. 'Mala oa lehlabula o na le moriri o mokhutšoane, o motle oa' mala o mofubelu bo sootho. Letlalo lena le hola ka Phato le Loetse mme le nkeloa sebaka ke 'mala oa mariha, o nang le moriri o mosoeu o mosootho o mosootho. Moriri o se nang letho le seaparo sa ka tlaase se fana ka tšireletso e kholo mochesong o batang oa mariha.
'Mala oa mariha o nkeloa sebaka ke' mala oa lehlabula ka Mmesa le Mots'eanong. Mpa, sefuba, 'metso le selelu li soeufetse selemo ho pota. Letlalo la likhama tse sa tsoa tsoaloa li sootho bo bofubelu ka makholo a 'maloa a matheba a masoeu. Mmala ona o nang le mabala o thusa ho li pata ho liphoofolo tse li jang.
Likhama tse nang le mekhahlelo e fapaneng ea mebala li tloaelehile Alabama. Likhama tse tšoeu tse tšoeu (albino) kapa tse ntšo (melanistic) ha li fumanehe hangata. Leha ho le joalo, tsoalo ea pinto e tloaelehile ho pholletsa le Alabama. Likhama tsa Pinto li khetholloa ka seaparo se batlang se le tšoeu ka ho felletseng se nang le matheba a mang a sootho.
Video: Likhama tse tšoeu
Likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu li na le kutlo e ntlehali ea monko. Dinko tsa tsona tse telele di tlatsitswe ka sistimi e rarahaneng e nang le dimilione tsa di-receptor tse hlasimollang. Matla a tsona a ho fofonela a bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa tšireletso ho liphoofolo tse li jang, ho khetholloa ha likhama tse ling le mehloli ea lijo. Mohlomong habohlokoa ka ho fetisisa, kutlo ea bona ea monko e bohlokoa bakeng sa puisano le likhama tse ling. Likhama li na le litšoelesa tse supileng tse sebelisetsoang tatso.
Lithaka le tsona li na le temoho e ntle ea kutlo. Litsebe tse khōlō tse tsamaeang li li lumella hore li khone ho utloa melumo e le hōle 'me li tsebe hore na li lebile hokae. Likhama li ka etsa melumo e fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa ho honotha ho fapaneng, ho hoeletsa, ho honotha, ho honotha le ho honotha.
Hoo e ka bang li-subspecies tse 38 tsa likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu li hlalositsoe Amerika Leboea, Bohareng le Boroa. Mashome a mararo a li-subspecies tsena a fumaneha feela Amerika Leboea le Bohareng.
Likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu li lula kae?
Setšoantšo: Likhama tse tšoeu tse Amerika
Likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu li fumaneha hangata ho la Midwest of North America. Likhama tsena li ka lula sebakeng se seng le se seng, empa li khetha libaka tse lithaba tse nang le meru e meholo. Bakeng sa likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu, ho hlokahala hore u be le phihlello ea masimo a bulehileng a lika-likelitsoeng ke lifate kapa joang bo bolelele bakeng sa ts'ireletso ho liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo le ho iphelisa.
Boholo ba likhama tse lulang United States li libakeng tse kang:
- Arkansas;
- Georgia;
- Michigan;
- North Carolina;
- Ohio;
- Texas;
- Wisconsin;
- Alabama.
Likhama tse mohatla o mosoeu li ikamahanya hantle le mefuta e fapaneng ea bolulo hammoho le liphetoho ka tšohanyetso tikolohong. Li ka phela libakeng tsa mapolanka a holileng le libakeng tse nang le libaka tse pharalletseng. Ka lebaka lena, li fumanoa libakeng tse ngata Amerika Leboea.
Likhama tse mohatla o mosoeu ke libopuoa tse ikamahanyang le maemo 'me li atleha haholo libakeng tse sa tšoaneng. Ha ho mofuta oa tikoloho o ts'oanang o loketseng likhama, ekaba lifate tse thata tse holileng kapa masimo a phaene. Ka mantsoe a bonolo, likhama li hloka lijo, metsi le ponahalo ea naha ka tsela e nepahetseng. Litlhoko tsa bophelo le tsa phepo e ntle li fetoha selemo ho pota, ka hona tikoloho e ntle e na le metsoako e lekaneng e hlokahalang selemo kaofela.
Khama e mehatla e tšoeu e ja eng?
Setšoantšo: Likhama tse tšoeu tse Russia
Ka karolelano, likhama li ja khilograma e le 'ngoe ho isa ho tse 3 ka letsatsi bakeng sa lik'hilograma tse 50 tsa boima ba' mele. Khama e boholo bo mahareng e ja lijo tse fetang thane ka selemo. Likhama ke liphoofolo tse busolosang 'me joaloka likhomo, li na le mpa e rarahaneng ea likamore tse' ne. Likhama li khetha haholo ka tlhaho. Melomo ea tsona e melelele ebile e shebane le khetho e khethehileng ea lijo.
Lijo tsa likhama li fapane joaloka lehae la tsona. Dinyantshi tsena di iphepa ka makgasi, makala, ditholwana le letlobo la difate tse fapaneng, dihlahla le merara. Li-reindeer li boetse li fepa mofoka o mongata, joang, lijalo tsa temo le mefuta e mengata ea li-mushroom.
Ho fapana le likhomo, likhama ha li iphepe ka mefuta e fapaneng ea lijo. Likhama tse mohatla o mosoeu li ka ja mefuta e mengata ea limela tse fumanehang sebakeng sa tsona. Ha e le hantle, ha likhama tse nang le batho ba bangata haholo li baka khaello ea lijo, li tla ja lijo tse fapaneng haholo tseo e seng karolo ea lijo tsa tsona tse tloaelehileng.
Likarolo tsa semelo le mokhoa oa bophelo
Setšoantšo: Likhama tse mehatla e mosoeu morung
Lihlopha tsa likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu li arotsoe ka mefuta e 'meli. Tsena li kenyelletsa lihlopha tsa malapa, le likhama le malinyane a tsona, le lihlopha tsa tse tona. Sehlopha sa lelapa se tla lula hammoho nako e ka etsang selemo. Lihlopha tsa banna li hlophisitsoe ka bolaoli ba bolaoli ba batho ba 3 ho isa ho ba 5.
Mariha, lihlopha tsena tse peli tsa likhama li ka bokana ho theha sechaba sa batho ba ka bang 150. Khokahano ena e etsa hore litsela li bulehe le ho fihlelleha bakeng sa ho fepa hape e fana ka tšireletso ho liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo. Ka ho fepa batho, libaka tsena li ka baka tšubuhlellano e phahameng ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang oa likhama tse hohelang liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo, ho eketsa kotsi ea phetiso ea mafu, ho eketsa mabifi a sechaba, ho ja haholo limela tsa lehae le ho thulana ho feta.
Khama e mehatla e tšoeu e khona ho sesa haholo, e matha ebile e tlola. Letlalo la mariha la phoofolo e anyesang le na le moriri o sekoti, sebaka se lipakeng tsa lona se tletseng moea. Ka lebaka la phoofolo ena ho thata ho khangoa ke metsi, leha e khathetse. Kgama e mehatla e tšoeu e ka matha ka lebelo la ho fihla ho 58 km / h, leha e tloaetse ho leba sebakeng se ipatileng se haufi mme ha ho mohla e tsamaeang sebaka se selelele. Likhama li ka boela tsa tlola ka limithara tse 2,5 le bolelele ba limithara tse 9.
Ha likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu li tšosoa, li ka kokotletsa le ho honotha ho lemosa likhama tse ling. Phoofolo e ka boela ea "tšoaea" sebaka kapa ea phahamisa mohatla ho bontša tšoeu e ka tlase.
Moralo oa sechaba le tlhahiso
Setšoantšo: Lelama la likhama tse tšoeu
Sebopeho sa sechaba sa likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu kantle ho nako ea ho ikatisa se shebane le lihlopha tse peli tse kholo tsa sechaba: matriarchal le e tona. Lihlopha tsa Matriarch li na le basali, 'm'ae le bana ba basali. Ditlhopha tsa Buck ke ditlhopha tse di repileng tse di nang le dikgama tse di godileng.
Lipatlisiso li ngotse matsatsi a karolelano ea kemolo ho tloha Thanksgiving ho isa bohareng ba Hlakubele, mathoasong a Pherekhong esita le Hlakubele. Bakeng sa libaka tse ngata tsa bolulo, nako e phahameng ea ho ikatisa e etsahala mahareng a Pherekhong. Nakong ena, liphetoho tsa li-hormone li etsahala ho banna ba mohatla o mosoeu. Likhama tse kholo li ba mabifi le ho se mamelle tse ling tse tona.
Nakong ena, tse tona li tšoaea le ho sireletsa libaka tsa ho ikatisa ka ho theha matšoao a mangata kahara tsona. Nakong ea nako ea ho ikatisa, e tona e ka kopana le e tšehali makhetlo a 'maloa.
Ha ho pepa ho atamela, mosali oa moimana o jeoa ke bolutu mme o sireletsa sebaka sa hae ho likhama tse ling. Malinyane a hlaha matsatsi a ka bang 200 ka mor'a kemolo. Amerika Leboea, malinyane a mangata a hlaha ho tloha bofelong ba Phupu ho isa bohareng ba Phato. Palo ea bana e latela lilemo le boemo ba 'mele ba basali. E le molao, ngoana ea selemo a le mong o na le nonyana e le 'ngoe, empa mafahla ha a fumanehe hangata.
Mehlape ea likhama ha se libaka tse ntle ka ho fetisisa, tse nang le baahi ba bangata haholo, e ka bonts'a pholoho e mpe hara bana. Matsatsing a seng makae a pele ka mor'a ho beleha, e tšehali ha e atise ho tsamaea limithara tse fetang 100 ho tloha malinyane a eona. Malinyane a qala ho felehetsa bo-'m'a 'ona ha a le libeke tse tharo ho isa ho tse' ne.
Lira tsa tlhaho tsa likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu
Setšoantšo: Likhama tse tšoeu
Khama e mohatla o mosoeu e lula libakeng tse meru. Libakeng tse ling, ho tlala ha likhama ke bothata. Liphiri tse putsoa le litau tsa lithabeng e ne e le liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo tse thusitseng ho boloka baahi ba le maemong, empa ka lebaka la ho tsoma le nts'etsopele ea batho, ho ne ho se liphiri tse ngata le litau tsa lithabeng tse setseng libakeng tse ngata tsa Amerika Leboea.
Likhama tse mohatla o mosoeu ka linako tse ling li fetoha phofu ea li-coyotes, empa batho le lintja joale ke lira tse kholo tsa mofuta ona. Kaha ha li na libatana tse ngata tsa tlhaho, ka linako tse ling likhama li ba kholo haholo bakeng sa tikoloho, tse ka etsang hore likhama li bolaoe ke tlala. Libakeng tsa mahaeng, litsomi li thusa ho laola palo ea liphoofolo tsena, empa libakeng tsa teropo le litoropong, ho tsoma ha ho lumelloe hangata, ka hona palo ea liphoofolo tsena e ntse e hola. Ho pholoha hantle ha ho bolele hore likhama tsena li ka hlaseloa ka botlalo.
Litšokelo ho palo ea likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu (ntle le libatana tsa tlhaho) li kenyelletsa:
- ho tsongoa hampe;
- likotsi tsa koloi;
- Boloetse.
Batsomi ba bangata baa tseba hore likhama ha li bone hantle. Likhama tse mosoeu o mosoeu li na le pono e hlakileng, e bolelang hore ba bona mebala e 'meli feela. Ka lebaka la khaello ea pono e ntle, likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu li hlahisitse maikutlo a matla a ho fofonela ho fumana liphoofolo tse li jang.
Catarrhal fever (Blue Tongue) ke lefu le amang likhama tse ngata haholo. Ts'oaetso e fetisoa ke ntsintsi 'me e baka ho ruruha ha leleme, hape e etsa hore phofu e lahleheloe ke taolo ea maoto. Batho ba bangata ba shoa pele ho beke. Ho seng joalo, ho fola ho ka nka likhoeli tse 6. Lefu lena le boetse le ama mefuta e mengata ea liphoofolo tse anyesang.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Setšoantšo: Likhama tse tšoeu tse mehatla ea liphoofolo
Likhama li ne li fumaneha seoelo libakeng tse ngata tsa Amerika Leboea ho fihlela lilemong tsa morao tjena. Ho hakanngoa hore mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1900 ho ne ho e-na le likhama tse ka bang 2000 feela Alabama feela. Kamora mashome a lilemo a boiteko ba ho eketsa palo ea batho, likhama tse Alabama ka 2000 li hakantsoe ho liphoofolo tse limilione tse 1.75.
Ebile, likarolo tse ngata tsa Amerika Leboea li na le likhama tse ngata haholo. Ka lebaka leo, lijalo li senyehile, mme palo ea ho thulana lipakeng tsa likhama le likoloi ea eketseha. Ho latela nalane, Amerika Leboea, li-subspecies tse hlaheletseng tsa likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu e ne e le Virginia (O. v. Virginianus). Kamora ho fela ha likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu literekeng tsa Midwestern mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1900, Lefapha la Paballo, hammoho le batho ka bomong le lihlopha, ba ile ba qala ho loana ho eketsa palo ea likhama lilemong tsa bo-1930.
Mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1900, ho ile ha fetisoa melao e laolang ho tsoma likhama, empa li ne li sa qobelloe. Ka 1925, ho ne ho e-na le likhama tse 400 feela Missouri. Ho khaola hona ho felletse ka hore Lekgotla la Ketsamolao la Missouri le emise ho tsoma likhama ka botlalo le ho tiisa melao ea ts'ireletso ea sechaba le ho hlaphoheloa.
Lefapha la Tlhokomelo le entse matsapa a ho fallisetsa likhama ho tloha Missouri ho tloha Michigan, Wisconsin le Minnesota ho thusa ho tlatsa liphoofolo. Baemeli ba paballo ea tikoloho ba ile ba qala ho tiisa melaoana e thusitseng ho thibela ho tsongoa hampe. Ka 1944, palo ea likhama e ne e nyolohetse ho 15,000.
Hajoale, likhama tse Missouri feela ke batho ba limilione tse 1,4, 'me selemo le selemo litsomi li tsoma liphoofolo tse ka bang likete tse 300. Tsamaiso ea likhama ho la Missouri e leka ho tsitsisa baahi maemong a ka bang teng ka bongata ba tlhaho.
Likhama tse tšoeu tse tšoeu Ke phoofolo e ntle e ntle e bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa ho liphoofolo tse hlaha. Ho etsa bonnete ba bophelo bo botle ba meru, mehlape ea likhama e tlameha ho leka-lekanngoa le libaka tsa eona tsa bolulo. Tekatekano ea tlhaho ke ntlha ea bohlokoa boiketlong ba liphoofolo tse hlaha.
Letsatsi la phatlalatso: 11.02.2019
Letsatsi la ho nchafatsa: 16.09.2019 ka 14:45
