Vampire ea Infernal - lebitso la mahlale le bolela "squid vampire ho tloha liheleng". Motho a ka lebella hore mofuta ona e be sebatana se tšosang se tšosang mohohlo, empa leha e le ponahalo ea bodemona, sena ha se nnete. Ho fapana le lebitso, vampire ea lihele ha e iphepe ka mali, empa e bokella le ho ja likaroloana tsa "drifting" tsa "detritus" e sebelisa likhoele tse peli tse mahlahahlaha. Sena ha se lekane bakeng sa phepo e lekaneng bakeng sa li-cephalopods tse ka bang bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 30, empa li lekane bakeng sa bophelo bo liehang metsing a lefifi a nang le moea o fokolang oa oksijene le palo e nyane ea liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo.
Tšimoloho ea mofuta le tlhaloso
Setšoantšo: Infernal Vampire
Infernal Vampire (Vampyroteuthis infernalis) ke setho feela se tsebahalang sa Vampyromorphida, taelo ea bosupa sehlopheng sa molluscs Cephalopoda. Li kopanya litšobotsi tsa octopus ka bobeli (Octopoda), le squid, cuttlefish, jj. Ho nahanoa hore sena se ka emela mohala oa lefutso lipakeng tsa lihlopha tsena tse peli. Li-vampire tsa infernal ha se li-squid tsa 'nete, hobane li rehelletsoe ka mahlo a bona a maputsoa, letlalo le bofubelu bo sootho, le ho ohla lipakeng tsa matsoho a bona.
Video: Infernal Vampire
Taba e khahlisang: Vampire ea infernal e fumanoe ke leeto la pele la leoatle le tebileng la Jeremane ka 1898-1899 mme ke eena feela moemeli oa taelo ea Vampyromorpha, foromo ea phetoho ea phylogenetic ea cephalopods.
Lithutong tse ngata tsa phylogenetic, vampire ea lihele e nkuoa e le lekala la pele la octopus. Ntle le moo, e na le likarolo tse ngata tse ka fetohang maemo a leoatle a tebileng. Har'a tsena ke tahlehelo ea mokotla oa enke le boholo ba litho tsa chromatophore, nts'etsopele ea li-photophores le sebopeho sa gelatinous sa lisele tse nang le ts'ebetso e ts'oanang ea jellyfish. Mofuta ona o lula metsing a tebileng libakeng tsohle tse chesang tse mongobo le tse futhumetseng Leoatleng la Lefatše.
Joalo ka lesela la phylogenetic, ke lona feela setho se setseng sa tatellano ea lona. Mehlala ea pele e ile ea bokelloa leetong la Valdivia, 'me qalong li ile tsa hlalosoa ka phoso e le li-octopus ka 1903 ke mofuputsi oa Lejeremane Karl Hun. Hamorao vampire ea hellish e ile ea fuoa taelo e ncha hammoho le taxa e 'maloa e felileng.
Ponahalo le likarolo
Setšoantšo: Hellish Vampire Clam
Vampire ea infernal e na le matsoho a malelele a litente le likhoele tse peli tse huloang tse ka fetang hole bolelele ba phoofolo 'me li ka huleloa ka lipokothong kahare ho webo. Likhoele tsena li sebetsa joaloka lisele hobane manaka a koahela bolelele bohle ba litente ka linoelo tse hulang halofo ea distal. Hape ho na le mapheoana a mabeli karolong e ka morao ea seaparo. Infernal vampire squid e bitsoa joalo ka lebaka la letlalo la eona le letšo le letšo, litente tse nang le marang-rang le mahlo a khubelu a tsebahalang ka vampire. Squid sena se nkuoa se le nyane - bolelele ba sona bo fihla ho cm 28. Tsehali li kholo ho feta tse tona.
Taba e khahlisang: Vampire squid e na le ho tšoana ha jellyfish, empa tšobotsi ea eona e hohelang ka ho fetesisa ke hore e na le mahlo a maholohali ho lekana le 'mele oa eona ha o bapisoa le phoofolo efe kapa efe lefatšeng.
Vampire ea infernal e na le li-chromatophores tse ntšo tse nang le matheba a bofubelu bo sootho. Ho fapana le li-cephalopods tse ling, li-chromatophores tsena ha li sebetse, li lumella liphetoho tse potlakileng tsa 'mala. Vampire ea infernal e arolelana boholo ba litšoaneleho tse ling tsa octopus le li-decapods, empa e boetse e na le liphetoho tse 'maloa tsa ho phela libakeng tse tebileng tsa leoatle. Ho lahleheloa ke li-chromatophores tse sebetsang haholo le mokotla oa enke ke mehlala e 'meli feela.
Vampire ea infernal e boetse e na le li-photophores, e leng litho tse kholo, tse chitja tse fumanehang kamora pheletsong e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea motho e moholo hape li abuoa ka holim'a seaparo, funnel, hlooho le bokaholimo. Li-photoreceptor tsena li hlahisa maru a phatsimang a likaroloana tse phatsimang tse lumellang vampire squid ena ho khanya.
Vampire ea lihele e lula kae?
Setšoantšo: Vampire ea hellish e shebahala joang
Vampire squid e lula libakeng tse tebileng maoatleng 'ohle a tropike le a leholimo le futhumetseng. Ona ke mohlala o hlakileng oa "cephalopod mollusk" e tebileng leoatleng, eo, joalo ka ha ho lumeloa, e nang le botebo bo sa bonesoang ba limithara tse 300-3000, ha boholo ba li-vampire tsa lihele li lula botebong ba limithara tse 1500-2500.
Phepelo ea oksijene e tlase haholo mona ho ts'ehetsa metabolism ea aerobic linthong tse rarahaneng. Leha ho le joalo, vampire ea lihele e khona ho phela le ho hema ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng ha e fuoa oksijene feela ka 3%, bokhoni bona bo teng liphoofolong tse fokolang.
Taba e khahlisang: Litlhahlobo tse tsoang Setsing sa Patlisiso sa Monterey Bay Aquarium li bontšitse hore li-vampire tsa lihele li na le moeli o fokolang feela oa oksijene koung ena ka botebo bo ka bang limithara tse 690 le oksijene ea 0,22 ml / l.
Li-squamp tsa Vampire li lula karolong e ka tlase ea leoatle ea oksijene, moo khanya e sa keneng. Kabo ea vampire squid ho tloha leboea ho ea boroa e fumaneha pakeng tsa likhato tse mashome a mane leboea le boroa, moo metsi a leng 2 ho isa ho 6 ° C. Bophelong bohle ba eona, e tikolohong e nang le moea o fokolang oa oksijene. Vampyroteuthis e ka phela mona hobane mali a eona a na le 'mala o mong oa mali (hemocyanin), o tlamang oksijene e tsoang metsing ka nepo, ntle le bokaholimo ba methapo ea phoofolo e kholo haholo.
Hona joale ua tseba hore na li-vampire squid tsa lihele li fumanoa kae. A re boneng hore na o ja eng.
Seo vampire hellish ja?
Setšoantšo: Squamp hellish vampire
Li-squids lia ja. Vampire squid e sebelisa likhoele tsa eona tsa kutlo ho batla lijo botebong ba leoatle, hape e na le statocyst e iphetotseng haholo, e bonts'a hore e theoha butle le litekanyo ka metsing ntle le boiteko. Leha e na le lebitso le botumo, Vampyroteuthis infernalis ha se sebata se mabifi. Ha e ntse e sesa, squid e thatolla khoele e le 'ngoe ka nako ho fihlela e' ngoe ea tsona e ama phoofolo e jang nama. Joale squid e sesa ka selikalikoe e tšepile ho tšoara phofu.
Taba e khahlisang: Vampire squid e na le sekhahla se tlase haholo sa ts'ebeliso ea methapo har'a li-cephalopods ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ha eona ho itšetleha ka libatana tse tebileng leoatleng, tse lekantsoeng ke khanya. O tloaetse ho tsamaea le phallo mme ha a sebetse. Maphegwana a magolo le mabogo a magareng ga matsogo a dumelela mesepelo ya go swana le ya jellyfish.
Ho fapana le li-cephalopods tse ling kaofela, vampire ea lihele ha e tšoase liphoofolo tse phelang. E iphepa ka likaroloana tsa manyolo tse tebang tlase botebong ba leoatle, leo ho thoeng ke lehloa la leoatle.
E na le:
- diatoms;
- zooplankton;
- letsoai le mahe;
- diboko;
- likaroloana tsa 'mele tsa tlhapi le li-crustaceans.
Likaroloana tsa lijo li utluoa ke liphaka tse peli tsa kutlo tse matlafalitsoeng, tse hokelletsoeng hammoho ke linoelo tsa matsoho a mang a robeli, tse koahetsoeng ke selaka sa tse robeli tse tšoaraneng ka matsoho, 'me li monyela joalo ka boima ba mamina molomong. Ba na le matsoho a robeli, empa ba haelloa ke ho fepa litente, 'me ho e-na le hoo ba sebelisa likhoele tse peli tse hulehang ho tšoara lijo. Ba kopanya litšila le mameno a tsoang linoelong tsa ho hula ho etsa libolo tsa lijo.
Likarolo tsa semelo le mokhoa oa bophelo
Setšoantšo: Octopus Hell Vampire
Mefuta ena esale e nkuoa e le sesesi se liehang ka lebaka la 'mele oa eona o fokolang oa gelatin. Le ha ho le joalo, e sesa ka lebelo le makatsang, e sebelisa mapheoana a eona ho sesa ka metsing. Statocyst ea bona e tsoetseng pele haholo, setho se ikarabellang bakeng sa teka-tekano, le eona e kenya letsoho botebong ba bona. Ho hakanngoa hore vampire ea lihele e fihla lebelo la bolelele ba 'mele ka motsotsoana, mme e potlakisa ho lebelo leo ka metsotsoana e mehlano.
Vampire ea lihele e ka khanya nako e teletsana ho feta metsotso e 'meli, ka lebaka la li-photophores, tse ka phatsimang ka nako e le' ngoe, kapa tse phatsimang ho tloha hora e le 'ngoe ho isa ho tse tharo ka motsotsoana, ka linako tse ling li phunya. Litho tse lintlheng tsa matsoho le tsona li ka khanya kapa tsa panya, tseo hangata li tsamaeang le karabelo. Mofuta oa boraro oa ho qetela oa khanya ke maru a khanyang, a shebahalang joaloka matrix a boreleli a nang le likaroloana tse tukang ka har'a ona. Ho lumeloa hore likaroloana li patiloe ke litho tsa malebela a matsoho kapa ha li bule litho tsa visceral mme li ka khanya ho fihlela metsotso e 9.5.
Taba e khahlisang: Hangata li-vampire tsa infernal li tsoa likotsi nakong ea ho ts'oaroa 'me li phela ka metsing ho fihlela likhoeli tse peli. Ka Mots'eanong 2014, Monterey Bay Oceanarium (USA) e bile ea pele ea ho bonts'a pono ena.
Karabelo e kholo ea squid ea vampire e kenyelletsa ho phatsima ha litho tsa matšoafo lintlheng tsa matsoho le botlaaseng ba mapheoana. Ho phatsima hona ho tsamaea le ho tsokotsa matsoho, ho etsa hore ho be thata haholo ho supa hantle hore na squid se ka metsing. Ho feta moo, squid e ntša leru le lesesaane le khanyang. Hang ha pontšo ea leseli e felile, ho batla ho le thata ho tseba hore na squid e thellisitse kapa e kopane le leru ka metsing a se nang moeli.
Moralo oa sechaba le tlhahiso
Setšoantšo: Infernal Vampire
Kaha li-vampires tsa lihele li lula metsing a tebileng ho feta li-squid tse kholo, li tsoala ka metsing a tebileng haholo. Ho na le monyetla oa hore banna ba jare li-spermatophores ho basali ho tloha funnel ea bona. Li-vampire tsa basali li kholo ho feta banna. Ba lahlela mahe a nontšitsoeng ka metsing. Mahe a butsoitseng a maholo haholo 'me a fumanoa a phaphamala ka bolokolohi metsing a tebileng.
Taba e khahlisang: Ha ho tsejoe hakaalo ka bosholu ba vampire ea lihele. Nts'etsopele ea bona e feta mefuteng ea III ea morphological: liphoofolo tse nyane li na le mapheoana a le mong, mofuta o mahareng o na le lipara tse peli, e holileng hape. Mekhahlelong ea bona ea pele le lipakeng tsa kholo, mapheo a mapheo a haufi le mahlo; ha phoofolo e ntse e hola, banyalani bana ba nyamela butle-butle.
Nakong ea kholo, karolelano ea sebaka se kaholimo ho boholo ba mapheoana ea fokotseha, e fetoha ka boholo ebe e hlophisa bocha ho eketsa ts'ebetso ea motsamao oa phoofolo. Ho hlaba mapheoana a batho ba holileng tsebong ho atleha haholo. Bothata bona bo ikhethileng bo bakile pherekano nakong e fetileng, ka mefuta e fapaneng e hlalositsoeng e le mefuta e mengata malapeng a fapaneng.
Vampire ea infernal e ikatisa butle ka thuso ea palo e nyane ea mahe. Khōlo e liehang e bakoa ke taba ea hore limatlafatsi ha li ajoe botebong. Boholo ba sebaka sa bona sa bolulo le baahi ba hasaneng li etsa hore likamano tsa baholo-holo e be tse sa tloaelehang. E tshehadi e ka boloka mokotlana o monyane oa cylindrical le peo ea monna nako e telele pele e nontšha mahe. Kamora moo, a ka tlameha ho ema ho fihlela matsatsi a 400 pele a qhotsoa.
Madinyane a ka ba bolelele ba 8 mm mme ke dikhopi tse nyane tsa batho ba baholo tse nang le phapang e itseng. Matsoho a bona ha a na maqhama a mahetla, mahlo a bona a manyane, 'me likhoele tsa bona ha lia etsoa ka botlalo. Manamane a fetoha 'me a phela ka har'a yolk ea seatla se bulehileng ka nako e sa tsejoeng pele a qala ho fepa ka mafolofolo. Liphoofolo tse nyane hangata li fumanoa metsing a tebileng ho fepa detritus.
Lira tsa tlhaho tsa vampire ea infernal
Setšoantšo: Vampire ea hellish e shebahala joang
Vampire ea infernal e tsamaea kapele ho feta libaka tse khuts'oane, empa ha e khone ho falla nako e telele kapa ho fofa. Ha e ts'osoa, vampire squid e baleha ka mokhoa o sa laoleheng, e tsamaisa mapheoana a eona kapele ho funnel, kamora moo jete e fofa ka ntle ho seaparo sa kahare, se itsokelang ka metsing. Boemo ba squid bo itšireletsang bo etsahala ha matsoho le li-cobwebs li otlollotsoe holim'a hlooho le liaparo tse maemong a tsejoang e le phaenapole.
Boemo bona ba matsoho le marang-rang bo etsa hore ho be thata ho senya squid ka lebaka la ts'ireletso ea hlooho le seaparo, hape le boemo ba hore e pepesa matheba a boima a 'mala o motšo ho phoofolo e etsang hore ho be thata ho khetholla botebong bo lefifi ba leoatle. Malebela a benyang a letsoho a hlophisitsoe hole le hlooho ea phoofolo, ho theola tlhaselo hole le libaka tse mahlonoko. Haeba sebatana se loma ntlheng ea letsoho la vampire ea lihele, a ka se nchafatsa.
Li-vampire tsa infernal li fumanoe ka mpeng ea litlhapi tse tebileng tsa leoatle, ho kenyeletsoa:
- grenadier ea mahlo a manyane (A. pectoralis);
- maruarua (Cetacea);
- litau tsa leoatle (Otariinae).
Ho fapana le beng ka bona ba lulang libakeng tse nang le kamohelo e mofuthu ea baeti, li-cephalopods tse tebileng leoatleng ha li khone ho senya matla lifofaneng tse telele. Ka lebaka la sekhahla se fokolang sa metabolism le bosholu bo tlase ba phofu botebong bo joalo, vampire squid e tlameha ho sebelisa maqheka a mantlha a ho qoba libatana ho boloka matla. "Firework" ea bona e boletsoeng ka holimo e kopana le liphaka tse phatsimang tse phatsimang, metsamao e sa tsitsang le litselana tsa ho baleha, ho etsa hore ho be thata ho sebata ho tseba sepheo se le seng.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Setšoantšo: Squamp hellish vampire
Vampire ea mollo ke 'musi ea ipusang oa leoatle, bolibeng, moo eena kapa sebaka sa hae sa bolulo se sokeloang ke kotsi efe kapa efe. Ho bolokehile hore ho ka boleloa hore palo ea liphoofolo e hasane haholo ebile ha e ngata. Sena se bakoa ke lisebelisoa tse fokolang bakeng sa ho phela. Boithuto ba Gowing bo bonts'itse hore mofuta ona o itšoara joalo ka litlhapi litloaelong tsa thobalano, o fetola linako tsa ho ikatisa le linako tsa khutso.
Taba e khahlisang: Khopolo-taba ena e tšehetsoa ke taba ea hore kahare ho tse tšehali tse bolokiloeng limusiamong ho na le karoloana feela ea mahe a kamoso. E 'ngoe ea li-vampire tsa infernal tse holileng tsebong, e leng pokellong ea pokello ea nalane ea nalane, e ne e na le mahe a ka bang likete tse 6.5, mme tse ka bang 3.8 sekete li ile tsa sebelisoa matsatsing a fetileng a ho ikatisa. Ho latela lipalo tsa bo-ramahlale, ho nyalanya ho etsahetse makhetlo a 38, mme mahe a emeng 100 a lahloa.
Ho sena re ka fihlela qeto ea hore palo ea li-vampire tsa liheleng ha e ts'osoe, empa palo ea tsona e laoloa nakong ea tlhahiso ea mofuta ona.
Bafuputsi ba lumela hore ho na le mabaka a 'maloa a mefokolo.:
- khaello ea lijo bakeng sa batsoali le bana;
- monyetla oa ho shoa ha bana bohle o fokotsoe;
- fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla bakeng sa sebopeho sa mahe le boitokisetso ba ho ikatisa.
Vampire ea InfernalJoalo ka lintho tse ngata tse phelang leoatleng, ho thata haholo ho ithuta tikolohong ea tlhaho, kahoo ha ho tsejoe hakaalo ka boits'oaro le palo ea liphoofolo tsena. Re tšepa hore, ha re ntse re tsoela pele ho lekola leoatle le tebileng, boramahlale ba tla ithuta haholoanyane ka mofuta ona o ikhethang le o khahlisang oa liphoofolo.
Letsatsi la phatlalatso: 08/09/2019
Letsatsi le ntlafalitsoeng: 09/29/2019 ka 12:28
