Honoriki ke liphoofolo tse nyane tse fofang tsa lelapa la weasel. Hangata liphoofolo tsena li bolokoa e le liphoofolo tsa lapeng. Mofuta ona o fumanoa ka lebaka la lebasetere la steppe le ferret ea lehong e nang le mink ea Europe. Lebitso tlhompho, e thehiloeng ho kopanyo ea mabitso a batsoali, e sebelisoa feela Russia, lefats'eng lohle liphoofolo tsena li bitsoa joalo ka li-ferrets tse tloaelehileng tsa malapeng - fretka (ferret, kapa fredka).
Tšimoloho ea mofuta le tlhaloso
Setšoantšo: Honorik
Honorik ke mofuta oa lebasetere o entsoeng ka ho tšela Mustela eversmanni (lehong la ferret), Mustela eversmanni (steppe ferret) le Mustela lutreola (mink ea Europe). Mofuta ona o ile oa holisoa ke setsebi sa liphoofolo se tummeng sa Soviet Dmitry Ternovsky ka 1978. Kaha mofuta ona o tsoetsoe ka maiketsetso, liphoofolo tsena li ka fumanoa haholo-holo botlamuoeng, leha honiki e fumaneha le naheng.
Ka ntle, tlhompho e fapana hanyane le li-ferrets tse tloaelehileng. 'Mele oa liphoofolo o otile ebile oa fetoha. Liphoofolo tsena li na le molala o mosesane le bolelele bo bolelele, hlooho e nyane e chitja, le mohatla o molelele, o boea, oo honotik e o futsitseng ho mink ea Europe. Li-honorik li kholo hanyane ho feta li-ferrets tse tloaelehileng. Motho e moholo o boima ho tloha ho ligrama tse 400 ho isa ho 2.6 kg. Kholo ea phoofolo e ka ba cm cm 50; bolelele ba mohatla bo ka ba 15-18 cm.
Video: Honorik
Honoriki e fapana le li-ferrets ka moriri o motenya le o mosesane le 'mala o khethehileng. Ho tsoa minks, liphoofolo tsena li na le awn e ntšo, ka mokhoa o ts'oanang li arolelitsoe ka holim'a mafura a sootho kaofela. Ho tsoa ho li-ferrets, liphoofolo li futsitse sebopeho sa 'mele se feto-fetohang le litsebe tse kholo tse moeling oa mola o mosoeu.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, liphoofolo tsena ha li e-s'o holisoe ka li-zoosavkhozes ka lebaka la ho haella ha mink le bothata ba ho ikatisa ha liphoofolo, mme khafetsa bahoebi ba rekisa li-ferrets tse tloaelehileng ba iketsa eka ke li-honiks. Empa honiki ea 'nete e ntse e le litholoana tsa ho tšela mefuta e meraro, o ka khetholla tlhompho ho sefene se tloaelehileng ka sebopeho sa boea, boteng ba awn e ntšo le mohatla o molelele o boreleli.
Ponahalo le likarolo
Photo: Honik e shebahala joang
Honoriki ke liphoofolo tse nyane tse nang le 'mele o molelele o mosesane. Nimble haholo ebile e potlakile. Hlooho ea phoofolo e nyane. Mahlo a manyane, iris ea mahlo e sootho. Selelu le molomo o kaholimo li tšoeu; boholo ba tlhompho bo na le methalo e bobebe kamora mahlo le litsebeng tsa phoofolo. Haufi le nko ho na le litelu tse telele. Boea bo botenya, bo betere ho feta ba mink, ka sebopeho bo ts'oana haholo le bolelele ba bolele ba 4 cm, underfur 2-2.5 cm.
Ntate ea tlase hangata o sootho kapa o mosootho ka 'mala. Maoto le matsoho a manyane, leha ho le joalo, sena ha se thibele ba hlomphehang ho tsamaea kapele ka ho lekana. Mohatla o bolelele bo bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 15-20, moriri o mohatleng o bolelele haholo ebile o boreleli. Kaha honiki ke mofuta o hlahisitsoeng ka maiketsetso, li-hanorik tsa banna ha li na nyopa ebile ha li khone ho ba le bana. Empa tse tšehali li khona ho hlahisa bana ba phetseng hantle ha li tšetsoe ka li-ferrets.
Taba e khahlisang: Li-honorik li na le litšoelesa tse tsoetseng pele tsa manaka, tse ntšang mokelikeli o nkhang hampe, tse tona li tšoaea sebaka sa tsona ka tsona ebe li tebela sera kotsing.
Honoriki ikamahanya hantle le maemo a tikoloho. Mariha, liphoofolo li sirelelitsoe serameng ke boea ba tsona bo teteaneng; haufi le lehlabula, liphoofolo li qala nako ea ho qhibiliha ka mafolofolo, nakong eo boea ba phoofolo bo nchafatsoang. Ntle le moo, khafetsa ea metabolism le palo ea phapanyetsano ea khase e fetoha ka linako tse fapaneng tsa selemo.
Lehlabuleng, liphoofolo li na le boima bo tlase, ha ho na mafura, 'me mariha liphoofolo li ba le boima ba' mele ho fihlela ho 30%, ho hlaha lera le tsotehang la mafura, mme boea boa hola. Nako ea bophelo ea liphoofolo tsena tse hlaha e ka ba lilemo tse 5; botlamuoeng, liphoofolo tsena li ka phela lilemo tse 12.
Honours e lula kae?
Setšoantšo: Honiker ea lapeng
Kaha honiki ke liphoofolo tse tsoaletsoeng naheng, ho thata ho kopana le tsona. Sebakeng sa tlhaho, honiki e fumanoa libakeng tsa bo-ntat'a bona. Honoriki a ka lula sebakeng se bohareng le boroa ho Russia, ka bophirima ho Europe, Eurasia le Asia bohareng.
Honoriki e fumanoa Czech Republic, Romania, Moldova, Hungary, Poland, Bulgaria le naheng ea Ukraine. Ha e le naheng, liphoofolo li lula merung le merung. Liphoofolo li itlhophisetsa likoti, moo li lulang teng. Ba rata ho lula haufi le 'mele ea metsi, honiki e futsitse bokhoni ba ho sesa hantle ka har'a mink, mme mochesong oa lehlabula ba ka qeta nako e ngata ba le ka metsing.
Hangata li-honorik li bolokoa e le liphoofolo tsa lapeng. Ha li le botlamuoeng, liphoofolo tsena li ka bolokoa hantle ka lihokelong tse arohaneng, moo ho kentsoeng hamoku kapa kobo e bonolo. Ho molemo ho beha lesaka le phoofolo sebakeng se khutsitseng, se futhumetseng, se sirelelitsoeng ho meralo. Honoriki ke liphoofolo tse bohlale haholo, li tloaela terei kapele, li tseba sebaka sa ho jella. Lesaka la liphoofolo le lokela ho ba leholo ebile le hloeke ka linako tsohle.
Phoofolo e ke ke ea lula ka hokong letsatsi lohle, hobane e hloka ho tsamaea, kahoo li-honotik hangata li lokolloa hore li tsamaee ka bolokolohi foleteng. Ke 'nete hore ho molemo ho se tlohele liphoofolo li sa lebelloa. Honoriki a ka ipata libakeng tse patehileng ka ho fetisisa, a kena ka mochini o hlatsoang le moqomong oa lithōle, kahoo ha o tsoa ka tlung ho molemo ho notlela phoofolo ka hokong.
Li-honics li ja eng?
Setšoantšo: Honorik ka tlhaho
Honoriki ke li-omnivores mme ha e le hantle li ja ntho e tšoanang le li-ferrets.
Lijo tsa honikiks li kenyelletsa:
- litoeba tsa mefuta eohle;
- lithaha;
- lihohoana;
- tlhapi;
- likhoto tsa metsi;
- linonyana tse hlaha le mahe a tsona;
- likokoanyana tse kholo - litsie, marutle, linoha le tse ling.
Ka linako tse ling li-ferrets li kena mekoting ea li-hares le ho li hula. Ha ba le botlamuoeng, li-honiks hangata li fepuoa ka nama ea likhoho e phehiloeng, mahe, motoho, tlhapi e phehiloeng, meroho le litholoana. Ha ho na moo ho lokelang hore liphoofolo tsena li fuoe lijo tse tsubeloang le tse letsoai, kaha liphoofolo li ka shoa ka lijo tse joalo. Honoriki ke liphoofolo tse mafolofolo 'me li lula li hloka lijo le metsi a mangata.
Metsi a lokela ho lula ka tlung, ho molemo ho a tšela ka senoelong sa ho noa e le hore phoofolo e se ke ea tšolla metsi. E le hore phoofolo e utloe hantle, e tlameha ho fepuoa ka lijo tsa boleng bo holimo, masalla a lijo tse setseng a tlameha ho tlosoa ka lesakeng, kaha lijo tse sa jeoang li senyeha kapele, 'me phoofolo e ka tšeloa chefo ka ho ja lijo tse senyehileng. Haeba u sa batle ho nka karolo ntlafatsong ea lijo tsa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng, u ka reka lijo tse itekanetseng tse ommeng lebenkeleng la liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng.
Ha u lokolla phoofolo hore e tsamaee ho potoloha ntlo, ho bohlokoa ho e latela, hobane li-ferrets li rata haholo ho hlafuna mehala, ho kena ka har'a meqomo ea litšila le lipenteng, moo phoofolo e ka kenang chefo ka ho ja ntho e sa jeng kapa e senyehileng. Nakong ea lehlabula, li-honiki li ka feptjoa hanyane; ho bohlokoa hape ho hlapolla lijo ka meroho le litholoana. Mariha, liphoofolo li hloka nama e ngata. E le hore phoofolo ea lapeng e utloe hantle, ho hotle ho eketsa li-vithamine complexes bakeng sa li-ferrets tse rekisoang mabenkeleng a liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng.
Likarolo tsa semelo le mokhoa oa bophelo
Setšoantšo: Honoriki
Honoriki ke liphoofolo tse mafolofolo haholo. Li sesa hantle haholo, li matha ka lebelo ebile li hloella habonolo esita le libakeng tseo ho leng thata ho fihla ho tsona. Ha e le naheng, liphoofolo li cheka mekoti kapele, li hantle ho tsoma litoeba, linonyana, li-amphibian le linoha. E bobebe haholo ebile e boreleli. Ba ipata ho lira ka mekoting, ba khona ho cheka litepisi tse tebileng, mobung le lehloeng.
Honoriks e na le semelo se mabifi, ha rea lokela ho lebala hore ke liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo ka mor'a tsohle. Honoriki a ka lula pela motho a bile a mo amohela e le monghali, empa ba ka itšoara ka mokhoa o mabifi. Ka hona, liphoofolo tsena li ntse li sa lokela ho bolokoa malapeng moo ho nang le bana ba banyenyane, hape ha ua lokela ho qala li-hanorik haeba u na le li-hamsters, likhoto tse khabisang, linonyana, hobane li ka fetoha phofu ea sebatana sena se senyenyane. Empa le likatse le lintja, liphoofolo tsena li phela hantle.
Li mafolofolo haholo bosiu. Ha liphoofolo li tsohile, ha li na phomolo, honiki e lula e tsamaea, e matha ebile e tlola. Ba rata ho bapala ba le bang ebile le mong'a lona, ha ba rate bolutu. Bahlomphehi ba malapeng ha ba fofonele, leha ho ka ba kotsi, liphoofolo li ka utloa monko o monyane, empa tlhompho e hlaha, haeba ho ka ba le kotsi, e ntša mokelikeli o nkhang hampe ho tsoa ho anus.
Honoriki ke liphoofolo tse bohlale haholo, ho bonolo ho li koetlisa. Ha liphoofolo li ikutloa li phutholohile, li tsebisa mong'a tsona ka molumo o monate. Ha li-honotik li sa thaba ebile li halefile, li kanna tsa honotha le ho hlaba mokhelo. Haeba phoofolo e kotsing e kholo, e kanna ea hoeletsa. Litlhaku tse nyane tsa tlhompho li tsebisa ba bang hore ba lapile.
Taba e khahlisang: Sebopeho sa honikik se thehiloe ka lilemo tsa likhoeli tse 4, ke nakong ena moo o ka qalang ho ikoetlisa le liphoofolo - o li tloaetse terei le litaelo tse ling.
Tsehali li koetlisitsoe hantle, tse tona li ts'epahalla mong'a tsona, empa li botsoa. Litšobotsi tse mpe tsa liphoofolo tsena li kenyelletsa ho phehella ha tsona. Haeba phoofolo e batla ho hong, e tla batla le ho fihlela sepheo sa eona. Ho batla ho le thata ho khoesa phoofolo litloaelong tse mpe tsa likhoele tse loma kapa ho cheka mobu ka lipitsa tsa lipalesa, ka hona ho molemo ho thibela phoofolo hanghang ho tsoa liketsong tse mpe, le ho e tlohela ka lesakeng, ho latela mohato o mong le o mong oa phoofolo.
Moralo oa sechaba le tlhahiso
Setšoantšo: Little Honorik
Kaha honotiki ke mofuta o tsoakaneng, tse tona tsa liphoofolo tsena ha li khone ho ba le malinyane. Tse tšehali li na le mobu o nonneng ebile li khona ho hlahisa bana makhetlo a 'maloa ka selemo ha li tšeloa ka li-ferrets tse tloaelehileng. Nako ea ho tlolelana ha li-honiks e qala nakong ea selemo mme e nka ho fihlela ka hoetla. Haufi le selemo, liphoofolo li holisitse li-gonads haholo.
Ho basali, lupu e ea bonahala - bohale ba urethra, ho banna li-testes li hola ka nako ena. Ho kopana liphoofolong ho potlakile haholo. E tona e ka lelekisa e tšehali, kapa, ea mo tšoara molaleng, ea mo hulela sebakeng se khutsitseng. Ha e tlolelana, e tšehali e ea honotha, e leka ho baleha le ho baleha. Kamora ho nyalana, tse tshehadi hangata li ea pona, matshwao a meno a ka bonoa ho pona, hona ke tloaelo mme maqeba a basali a tla fola kapele.
Peo e hlaha likhoeli tse 1.5 kamora kemaro. Pele e beleha, e tšehali e emere hangata e beoa ka lesakeng le ka thoko hore e tona e se ke ea ntša bana kotsi. Matlakala a le mang a na le malinyane a 2-3 ho isa ho a 8. Manamane a tsoaloa a e-na le moriri o mosoeu ka ho feletseng 'me ha a bone hantle. Li-ferrets tse nyane li hola kapele haholo ka ho fepa lebese la mme. Hoo e ka bang khoeli e le 'ngoe, li-ferrets li qala ho ja nama.
'Nete e monate: Malinyane a Ferret a na le tlhaho ea tlhaho ea ho latela' mele o tsamaeang. Malinyane, hang feela ha a qala ho itšoarella ka maoto, a qala ho latela 'm'a' ona. Bacha ba itokiselitse ho nyalana ba le likhoeli tse 6-7.
Lira tsa tlhaho tsa honiks
Setšoantšo: Honorik o shebahala joang
Lira tsa tlhaho tsa tlhompho li kenyelletsa:
- liphiri;
- liphokojoe;
- liphokojoe;
- lynx;
- lintja;
- likatse tse hlaha;
- linoha tse kholo;
- lintsu, liphakoe, liphakoe le linonyana tse ling tse jang nama.
Honoriki ke liphoofolo tse hlokolosi haholo ebile li mahlahahlaha, 'me ke ka seoelo li oelang matsohong a liphoofolo tse li jang. Hangata, li-ferrets tse nyane le liphoofolo tsa khale, tse fokolang li fetoha liphofu tsa liphoofolo tse li jang. Lira tsena ha li tšabe batho ba hlomphehang lapeng, leha ho le joalo, li-honics tsa lapeng hangata li hlaseloa ke mafu a fapaneng.
Joalo ka:
- lefu la seoa sa liphoofolo tse jang nama;
- parvovirus enteritis;
- mafu a rabies;
Maloetse a mangata a ka thibeloa ka ho fa phoofolo liente tse hlokahalang, le ho fepa phoofolo lijo tse leka-lekaneng. Haeba phoofolo e kula, ho bohlokoa ho buisana le ngaka ea liphoofolo e tla fana ka kalafo e nepahetseng. Ha ho eletswe ho phekola phoofolo u le mong, hobane sena se ka lebisa liphethong tse sa lebelloang.
Ho thibela maloetse, leka ho lekola phoofolo ea hau ea lapeng, u qobe ho kopana le liphoofolo tse kulang, hangata u hloekise lesaka ebe u kenya moea phapusing eo phoofolo e leng ho eona. Hangata li-Ferrets li fumana matsetse, 'me u ka felisa likokoana-hloko tsena ka marotholi le li-shampoo tse sebelisetsoang likatse. Mengoapo e menyenyane le mekokotlo ha e tšabe liphoofolo, e fola kapele, o hloka feela ho shebella hore leqeba le se ke la hola.
Baahi le boemo ba mofuta
Setšoantšo: Honorik ea lapeng
Lilemong tsa Soviet Union, honiks li ile tsa hlaha naheng ea naha ea rona mapolasing a liphoofolo. Mehleng ea rona, ka lebaka la bothata ba ho ikatisa ha liphoofolo tsena, mosebetsi oa ho ikatisa tlhompho o ile oa emisoa. Pele, ka lebaka la hore mink e fetohile liphoofolo tse sa tloaelehang haholo, 'me kaha palo ea batho ba mink e haufi le ho timela, ho bohlokoa haholo ho boloka palo ea mink ho feta ho tsoala liphoofolo tse sa tloaelehang tse nang le ferrets molemong oa liteko.
Taba ea bobeli, ho ikatisa ha honiks ha ho na thuso ka lebaka la hore banna ba tsoetsoeng ka sefapano se joalo ha ba khone ho ba le bana. Tse tšehali li hlahisa bana ho tsoa ho li-ferrets tse tloaelehileng, empa bana ha ba tsoaloe ka mehla ba phetse hantle. Honoriki, ha e le hantle, ke teko e atlehileng ka ho felletseng ea litsebi tsa liphoofolo tsa Soviet. Bo-rasaense ba fumane lebasetere le letlalo le letle, la bohlokoa. Ka bomalimabe, ha ho na thuso ea ho tsoela pele ka teko ena.
Lefatšeng la sejoale-joale, liphoofolo tsena li se li le sieo, 'me hangata bahoebi baa ikopanya ka ho fetisa li-ferrets tse tloaelehileng e le li-honik, kapa motsoako oa li-ferrets tsa mefuta e fapaneng. Boemo ba mefuta ea li-ferrets tsa meru le li-ferrets tsa lapeng ha se taba. Boemo ba mefuta ea Mink ke mofuta o haufi le ho timela. Honoriki ha ba na boemo ba paballo kaha ke mofuta oa lebasetere. Ho boloka palo ea li-ferrets le li-mink, ho hlokahala hore ho emisoe ho rengoa ha meru, libakeng tsa tlhaho tsa liphoofolo, ho theha libaka tse sirelelitsoeng le libaka tsa polokelo libakeng tsa liphoofolo.
Honorik phoofolo e ntle e nang le boea bo botle bo bonojana. Ke liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng hantle, li hlokomela mong'a tsona ebile li arabela hantle thupelong. Ho bonolo haholo ho boloka li-honiks li le hae, empa ho reka honikik ea 'nete ha se mosebetsi o bonolo, hobane ho na le liphoofolo tse fokolang haholo tse setseng,' me ho ikatisa ha liphoofolo tsa mofuta ona ha ho e-s'o etsoe nako e telele.
Letsatsi la phatlalatso: 01/19/2020
Letsatsi la ho nchafatsa: 03.10.2019 ka 22:44
