Axolotl - Ena ke pherekano ea ambistoma, e leng e 'ngoe ea mefuta ea "tailed" ea "amphibian". Ketsahalo e makatsang ea neoteny e teng ka har'a phoofolo ena e makatsang (ho tsoa ho Segerike. "Bacha, ho otlolla").
Ho haella ha lefutso la hormone ea qoqotho ho thibela motho ea phelang metsing le metsing ho tloha boemong ba sefuba ho ea ho motho e moholo ea feletseng. Ka hona, li-axolotls li lula mokhahlelong ona, li fihlela kholo ea thobalano le bokhoni ba ho ikatisa, ntle le ho fetoloa.
Li-axolotls hangata li bitsoa li-larvae tsa ambist tsa mefuta e 'meli: Ambistoma ea Mexico le ambistoma ea nkoe. Ha e le naheng, ambist e ka fumanoa ka mefuta e 'meli - neotenic (ka sebopeho sa seboko), le lefats'e (motho e moholo ea tsoetseng pele).
Likarolo le ponahalo ea axolotl
Ha e fetoleloa ka nepo, axolotl ke "ntja ea metsi" kapa "phoofolo ea tonanahali ea metsi". Bulela foto axolotl ha e shebahale e sokela. Ho fapana le moo, o shebahala joaloka drakone e ntle ea phoofolo ea lapeng. Ho tšoana hona ho fuoa axolotl ke lipara tse tharo tsa maqhubu a tsoileng hlooho hloohong, a tšoanang le makala a mabe.
Li thusa phoofolo ho hema ka tlas'a metsi. Axolotl ke ea mefuta e sa tloaelehang ea "amphibian", eo, ntle le li-gill, e nang le matšoafo. Phoofolo e fetohela ho phefumolohang ha pulmonary ha maemo a tikoloho a fetoha, kapa oksijene ka metsing ha e lekane bakeng sa bophelo bo tloaelehileng.
Ka ts'ebeliso e telele ea phefumoloho e joalo, li-gill atrophy. Empa axolotl ha e tšabe. Drakone e nyane e na le bokhoni ba ho nchafatsa lisele tsa eona mme, ha ho hlokahala, maqhubu a khona ho nchafatsa.
Ponahalo e ntle ea "phoofolo ea tonanahali ea metsi" e fanoa ke mahlo a manyane a chitja ka mahlakoreng a molomo o sephara le molomo o sephara tlase hloohong. Ho bonahala eka axolotl e lula e bososela, e fihla ka moea o motle.
Li-larvae tsa Ambistoma, joalo ka liphoofolo tsohle tse phelang metsing, ke liphoofolo tse li jang. Meno a phoofolo a manyane ebile a bohale. Mosebetsi oa bona ke ho ts'oara, eseng ho hahola lijo. Bolelele ba axolotl bo fihla ho 30-35 cm, tse tšehali li nyane hanyane. Mohatla o molelele o holileng hantle o thusa liphoofolo tse phelang metsing le metsing ho tsamaea habonolo.
Axolotl e qeta nako e ngata e le tlase. Lipara tse peli tsa maroko li fela ka menoana e melelele, eo ka eona a khomarelang majoe ho a sutumetsa ha a tsamaea. Sebakeng sa tsona sa tlhaho, tse atileng ka ho fetisisa ke li-axolotls tse sootho, tse nang le lierekisi tse lefifi tse hasaneng holim'a 'mele.
Li-axolotls tsa lapeng hangata e tšoeu (albino) kapa e ntsho. Ka lebaka la litšobotsi tsa tsona, liphoofolo tsena li na le thahasello e kholo mekhatlong ea mahlale. Ka lilaboratoring maemo a ho boloka axolotl haufi le tlhaho. Li-Amphibians li tsoala hantle, li thabisa bo-rasaense ba nang le mebala e mecha ea letlalo.
Sebaka sa Axolotl
Li-axolotls li atile matšeng a Mexico - Xochimilco le Chalco. Pele ho tlhaselo ea Spain, baahi ba ne ba ja nama ea ambista. Mabapi le tatso, e ts'oana le nama ea eel e bonolo. Empa ts'ebetsong ea litoropo, palo ea li-axolotls e fokotsehile haholo, e lebisitseng ho kenyellelitsoeng ha mefuta ena e kotsing ho Red Book.
Litaba tse monate ke hore salamander e ikutloa e le ntle lapeng. Axolotl ke e 'ngoe ea liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng tse atileng haholo tsa barati ba metsing a metsing.
Ha li le naheng, li-axolotls li qeta bophelo bohle ba tsona li le metsing. Khetha libaka tse tebileng tse nang le metsi a batang le limela tse ngata. Matša a Mexico, a nang le lihlekehleke tse phaphametseng le libaka tse kholo tsa likanale tse hokahanyang mobu, a fetohile matlo a matle bakeng sa liphokojoe tsa metsing.
Sebaka sa li-axolotls se pharalletse haholo - e ka bang li-kilometara tse likete tse 10, e leng se etsang hore ho be thata ho bala ka nepo batho ba setseng.
Ho boloka axolotl hae
Bothata bo boholo ka ho boloka axolotl hae o tla boloka mocheso o itseng oa metsi. Liphoofolo li ikutloa li le hantle maemong a mocheso ho tloha ho 15-20C. Letšoao la moeli ke 23C. Phallo ea metsi ea oksijene e latela mocheso oa eona.
Haeba metsi a futhumetse haholo, phoofolo ea lapeng e qala ho kula. Ho kgothaletswa ho kenya axolotl ka aquarium lisebelisoa tsa ho futhumatsa metsi, empa u ka sebelisa likeletso tsa balisi ba natefetsoeng ka linako tse ling.
Botlolo ea polasetiki ea metsi a hoammeng e theoleloa ka metsing, ka tsela eo e theola mocheso o akaretsang ka hara aquarium. Botlolo ea bobeli e lokela ho lula e lokile ka sehatsetsing.
Ha u khetha setshelo bakeng sa ho boloka axolotl, tsoela pele ho tloha ho bophahamo ba lilithara tse 40-50 ka phoofolo ea lapeng. Metsi a tletse ka boima bo mahareng kapa bo phahameng, bo hloekisitsoeng ho tsoa ho chlorine.
Botlaaseng ba aquarium bo koahetsoe ke lehlabathe la noka, ho eketsa majoe a mahareng a boholo bo mahareng. Ha ho khothalletsoe ho sebelisa majoana a manyane, hobane li-axolotls le tsona li metsa mobu hammoho le lijo.
Haeba lehlabathe le tsoa ka bolokolohi 'meleng, majoana a ka koala sisteme ea amphibian, e lebisang liphellong tse bohloko ho phoofolo. Li-Axolotls li rata ho ipata libakeng tse ipatileng, kahoo etsa bonnete ba hore ho na le libaka tse patehileng ka leoatleng.
Bakeng sa sena, mapolanka a hoholehang, lipitsa, majoe a maholo a loketse. Taba ea bohlokoa ke hore lintho tsohle li tlameha ho hlophisoa. Bokaholimo le likhutlo tse bohale li lematsa letlalo le bonolo la `` amphibian '' habonolo.
Boteng ba limela ka aquarium le bona bo bohlokoa haholo. Li-Axolotls li behela mahe likutu tsa tsona le makhasi nakong ea nako ea ho ikatisa. Liphetoho tsa metsi li etsoa hang ka beke. Halofo ea molumo e tšolleloa ebe e eketsoa ka metsi a hloekileng.
Tlosa aquarium ka khoeli le khoeli 'me u hloekise ka kakaretso. Ho bohlokoa haholo ho siea mesaletsa ea lijo le liphiri tsa tlhaho tsa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng. Ha lintho tse phelang li bola, ho lokolloa lintho tse amang bophelo ba amphibian hampe.
E na le axolotl ka aquarium hoa hlokahala ka thoko ho baahi ba bang ba metsing, ho kenyeletsoa le litlhapi. Metsoako ea drakone le letlalo le lesesaane li ka hlaseloa, tsa baka tšenyo e bakang pherekano mme, maemong a mang, lefu. Mokhelo feela ke tlhapi ea khauta.
Ho hlahisa phepo e nepahetseng le tebello ea bophelo
Kaha ke amphibian e jang nama, axolotl e ja protheine bakeng sa lijo. O thabela ho ja liboko, maphele, crickets, nama ea mussel le shrimp, lijo tse ommeng tsa liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo ka mokhoa oa matlapa. Ha ho ratehe ho fana ka tlhapi e phelang, hobane boholo ba bona ke bajari ba mafu a fapaneng, 'me li-axolotls li kotsing ea bona.
Nama ea Mamalia e thibetsoe. Mpa ea drakone ha e khone ho sila protheine e fumanoang nameng e joalo. Ho ikatisa ho bonolo habonolo. Batho ba bong bo fapaneng ba beoa ka aquarium e le 'ngoe. E tšehali le e tona li fapana ka boholo ba li-cloaca.
Cacaaca e hlokomelehang le ho feta ke e tona. Smoothed mme e batla e sa bonahale - ho e tšehali. Kamora ho ratana ka nakoana, e tona e ntša maqeba a spermatophore. E tšehali e li bokella ho tloha tlase ka li-cloaca tsa hae mme kamora matsatsi a 'maloa e behela mahe a emolisitsoeng a nang le Fry makhasi a limela.
Ho ipapisitsoe le maemo, li-axolotls- masea a qhotsoa ke leseli ka libeke tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo. Bana ba fepuoa ka brine shrimp naupilia le liboko tse nyane. Daphnia le eona ke lijo tse loketseng nakong ena.
Sebakeng sa tsona sa tlhaho, li-axolotls li phela lilemo tse ka bang 20. Ha e bolokoa hae - bolelele ba bophelo bo fokotseha ka halofo. Reka axolotl e ka fumanoa mabenkeleng a liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng a ikhethang ka ho rekisoa ha liphoofolo tse ruuoang metsing: litlhapi le liphoofolo tse phelang metsing tse fapaneng.
Mabenkele a marang-rang a boetse a fana ka monyetla oa ho reka aquarium litlhapi tsa axolotl. Theko ea Axolotl e fapana ho tloha ho li-ruble tse 300 ka seboko ka seng, le li-ruble tse 1000 ho motho e moholo.
