Liphoofolo tse ntle haholo "tse moriri o mosoeu" kapa majoe martens Ke bona feela masole a sa tšabeng ho lula pela batho. Le ha beng ka bona ba haufi-ufi ba liphoofolo tsena tse nang le bohelehele ke lisabole le phaene martens, mokotatsie o hlooho e tšoeu o tšoana le mokotatsie mekhoeng ea ona, o ka fumaneha habonolo lirapeng tsa boikhathollo, marulelong a matlo, pela masaka a nang le likhoho.
Likarolo le bolulo ba marten ea lejoe
Stone marten oa phela hoo e batlang e le kae kapa kae, sebaka sa eona ke Eurasia kaofela, 'me United States phoofolo e ruiloe ka boomo, molemong oa ho hlophisa "ho tsoma boea".
Phoofolo e ikutloa e le ntle maemong ohle a leholimo a futhumetseng, ho tloha ho batang ho isa ho chesang - martens e lula Ciscaucasia, Crimea, Belarus, Ukraine le tse ling. Empa baahi ba bangata ke moo lehloa le lutseng nako e telele, e leng seo liphoofolo tsena li se ratang.
Ka kakaretso, Lejoe marten setšoantšong - mme lilense tsa telephoto ha li arabele ka tsela efe kapa efe, ha ho thata ho e tšoara. Ho amohela motho ka khutso, phoofolo ena e khona ho ts'oara le ho ja lijo tse lahletsoeng ke batho, mohlala, libolo tsa nama kapa bohobe bo phuthetsoeng. Lirapeng tsa boikhathollo tsa Jeremane, li-feeder li fanyehiloe bakeng sa martens, ka tsela e ts'oanang le li-squirrel.
Batho ba bangata ba bitsa phoofolo ena - "lejoe phaene marten", Empa sena ha sea nepahala ka botlalo. Pine marten ke mofuta o fapaneng, empa li-martens tsa majoe ha li rate ho lula merung e teteaneng, empa libakeng tse nang le lifate tse arohaneng, lihlahla le masimo, ho qoba libaka tse koahetsoeng ke meru e teteaneng. E rata ho lula sebakeng se majoe, seo e reheletsoeng ka sona.
Phoofolo e labalabela ho tseba, ea sechaba ho amana le ntho e ngoe le e ngoe e ncha, e atisang ho senya baemeli ba mofuta ona. Ho eona, mokhoa oa ho ts'oara lejoe marten ka sefi kapa sefi, ha ho na bothata.
Ha o hloke le nama. Bakeng sa selae sa moqolo oa sinamone o nang le tatso ea camphor, marten e tla ea kae kapa kae. Thepa ena ea phoofolo e sebelisitsoe ke litsomi tsa boea ka makholo a lilemo.
Li-zoologists li balile le ho amohela kajeno mefuta e mene ea marten ea majoe, ba ba kolobetsa ho latela libaka tsa bona tsa bolulo:
- European - e lula Europe Bophirima le naheng ea Russia ho ea Urals;
- Crimea - e lula Crimea, e fapana le tse ling kaofela eseng feela ka 'mala, empa hape le sebopeho sa meno le boholo ba hlooho;
- Caucasian - kholo ka ho fetisisa le e molemohali bakeng sa ho ikatisa ka morero "bakeng sa boea";
- Asia Bohareng - e fluffy haholo, "e qabolang" ka ntle, hangata e bolokiloe e le phoofolo ea lapeng.
Ka kakaretso, li-martens ke liphoofolo tse nyane, bolelele ba 'mele ea tsona bo tloha ho cm 38 ho isa ho 56, ntle le mohatla, bolelele ba eona bo tloha ho cm 20 ho isa ho 35. Boima ba phoofolo ke 1 - 2.5 kg.
E kholo ka ho fetisisa - Lejoe la Caucasus marten, e bolelele bo fetang 50 cm le boima ba 2 kg, empa le liphoofolo tse joalo molemong oa ho roka seaparo se senyenyane sa letlalo la nku li hloka haholo.
Sebopeho le mokhoa oa bophelo oa marten oa majoe
Lejoe marten - phoofolo ea bosiu e hlahang sebakeng sa eona sa bolulo ka shoalane. Ha ba cheke likoti tsa bona, ba khetha ho lula "matlo" a khale a lahliloeng a liphoofolo tse ling, meaho ea batho kapa matloana a tlhaho.
Martens ba hlokomela "lehae" la bona, ba le koahela ka masiba, joang, haeba batho ba lula haufi, joale ntho e ngoe le e ngoe eo ba ka ruang molemo ho eona, mohlala, likotoana tsa masela. Libaka tsa tlhaho tsa martens li kenyelletsa:
- mekoti mafikeng;
- mahaha a manyane;
- liqubu tsa mafika kapa majoe feela;
- ho inela ka tlas'a metso ea lifate ho its'oarella lilomong;
- mekoti ya kgale ya diphoofolo tse ding.
Haeba batho ba lula haufi le sebaka seo marten a se nkang e le sa bona, liphoofolo tsena li tla lula ntle le ho qeaqea:
- setaleng;
- masakeng;
- marulelong a matlo;
- setaleng;
- likamoreng tse ka tlaase;
- tlasa mathule.
Ho hlalosa lejoe martenHo lokela ho hlokomeloe hore phoofolo e hloa lifate hantle, empa ha e rate ho etsa sena, ka hona e sebelisa mekoti ka seoelo e le ntlo, ha feela ho se letho le loketseng haufi.
Sebopeho sa marten ha se bohelehele feela, empa le bolotsana bo itseng. Phoofolo e rata ho soma lintja, "hooligan" ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang sebakeng sa bolulo sa batho, mohlala, ho senya liphutheloana tsa lihlahisoa kapa ho hloa likharetene. Ka hona, lejoe marten haeHaeba a holisitsoe joalo ka phoofolo ea lapeng, o qeta boholo ba nako ea hae ekaba ka lesakeng kapa ka serapeng sa lifofane.
Phepo e nepahetseng
Ho lumeloa hohle hore lejoe la liphoofolo marten - Sebatana, ka hona, se ja nama. Sena ke 'nete feela. Marten ke phoofolo e omnivorous e jang haholo seo e se tsomang bosiu.
E le molao, litoeba, lihoho, linonyana, mebutlanyana e fetoha phofu ea phoofolo. Ho phaella moo, marten e rata monokotsoai, litholoana, metso ea setlama le mahe. Le marten e fepehileng hantle e ke ke ea feta sehlaheng sa nonyana e nang le mahe, mme haeba ho na le sefate se nang le liapolekose pela sona, phoofolo e lebala hore ha e rate ho li hloella.
Pejana, liphoofolo tsena li ne li ts'oaroa ka ho khetheha naheng ea Jeremane Leboea le Norway. Ho feta moo, lejoe marten tšoasa litlhapi e ne e sa etsoe ka sepheo sa ho fumana boea, empa e ne e etsoa ka sepheo sa ho lokisa phoofolo molikong.
Litsela tsa majoe a marten ka litoeba tse nyane
Hanghang marten e itšoara ka moferefere, motsamao o moferefere le tse ling tse joalo. Sena se mo etsa sebatli se phethahetseng sa mouse, ea. Ntle le moo, e tla tsoma ha feela phofu e "apere" hohle, ho sa tsotelehe hore na ea hlokahala bakeng sa lijo kapa che. Boleng bo tšoanang bo beha matlo a likhoho kotsing e kholo. Ho lahlela likhoho le linonyana tse ling hang-hang ho etsa hore phoofolo e qale ho tsoma.
Empa martens ka kotloloho ba ja tse nyane haholo, ba hloka feela ligrama tse 300-400 tsa lijo tsa liphoofolo. Ha e le naheng, phoofolo e kanna ea ja moferefere o le mong kapa para ea mashome a mane, kapa khamare mme ke phetho.
Ba-martens ba lulang lirapeng tsa boikhathollo le matlong ba "jeoa", empa eseng haholo. Lejoe la mariha marten o rata ho ntša peo ho li-cones, ha ho na phapang ea mantlha ea hore na phaene, phaene kapa likhoele tsa kedare li molemong oa hae. Molemong oa likhoune, liphoofolo ha li hlole lifate feela, empa li boetse li khasa libakeng tsa tsona tsa ho ipata pele shoalane e tla.
Ho ikatisa le tebello ea bophelo ea lejoe marten
Lejoe marten ke bolutu le sebaka sa lona, se etsang "ho kheloha" le ho tšoaea meeli ka mafolofolo. Liphoofolo ha li rate baemeli ba mefuta ea tsona, ntle le "nako ea ho tlolelana ha liphoofolo".
Ts'ebetso ena ho li-weasel e batla ho tseba. Banyalani bao ba "tloaelana" qetellong ea selemo, empa, ho makatsang ke hore e tona ha e bontše mosebetsi. E tšehali e khona ho fihlela ho nyalanya ka kotloloho feela qetellong ea lehoetla.
Setšoantšong, lesea la lejoe marten
Tabeng ena, ho etsahala ntho e makatsang - "paballo" ea peo. Ke hore, kamora ho nyalana, e tšehali e ka feta ntle le boemo bo "bobebe" ho fihlela likhoeli tse robeli, leha e le hore boimana ka bo bona ho martens bo nka khoeli e le 'ngoe feela.
E le molao, masea a 2-4 a hlaha ka nako e le 'ngoe, a tsoaloa a hlobotse ebile a foufetse, a bula mahlo feela khoeli kamora ho hlaha. Nako ea phepo ea lebese e nka likhoeli tse 2 ho isa ho 2,5. Mme masea a ikemela ka botlalo ka likhoeli tse 4-5 kamora ho hlaha.
Kotsi e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea ho pholoha ha li-martens tse nyane ke nako ea ha li qala ho ea sheba tikoloho. Ba bangata ba oela lerabeng la lira tsa tlhaho tsa li-mustelids - liphokojoe, liphokojoe tsa arctic le liphooko.
Martens ba phela ka tlhaho ka lilemo tse ka bang 10, empa botlamuoeng nako ena e eketseha haholo. Libakeng tsa polokelo ea liphoofolo ho pota lefatše, ke ka seoelo u ka kopanang le lefu la weasel e ka tlase ho lilemo tse 18.
Leha, lejoe marten ananeloa ka lebaka la eona matlalo, liphoofolo tsena ha li e-s'o etsoe pele khoebong ea boea kapa, kajeno, indastering ea boea.
Sena se ile sa lumella li-kunim hore li se hlole li timela. Mme bohelehele ba liphoofolo le likarolo tsa tsona li li lumella ho phela ka mokhoa o hlollang lirapeng tsa boikhathollo tsa toropo, mabanta a meru le libakeng tse ling tse ntlafalitsoeng ke motho.
