Hydrosphere e kenyelletsa matamo 'ohle a polanete ea rona, hammoho le metsi a ka tlas'a lefatše, mouoane le likhase tsa sepakapaka, maqhoqhoane. Mehloli ena e bohlokoa molemong oa tlhaho ho boloka bophelo. Hona joale boleng ba metsi bo mpefetse haholo ka lebaka la mesebetsi ea methapo. Ka lebaka la sena, re bua ka mathata a mangata a lefats'e a hydrosphere:
- tšilafalo ea lik'hemik'hale ea metsi;
- Tšilafalo ea nyutlelie;
- litšila le litšila tšilafalo;
- timetso ea limela le liphoofolo tse phelang ka metsing;
- tšilafalo ea oli ea metsi;
- khaello ea metsi a nooang.
Mathata ana kaofela a bakoa ke boleng bo tlase le metsi a sa lekaneng lefatšeng. Leha e le hore boholo ba lefatše, e leng 70.8%, le koaetsoe ke metsi, ha se batho bohle ba nang le metsi a nooang a lekaneng. 'Nete ke hore metsi a maoatle le maoatle a letsoai haholo ebile ha a noehe. Bakeng sa sena, metsi a matša a macha le mehloli e ka tlas'a lefatše e sebelisoa. Har'a mehloli ea metsi ea lefatše, ke 1% feela e fumanehang ka har'a metsi a hloekileng. Ka khopolo, karolo e 'ngoe ea 2% ea metsi a tiileng ka har'a leqhoa e ka nooa haeba e qhibilihisoa ebile e hloekisoa.
Ts'ebeliso ea metsi indastering
Mathata a mantlha a mehloli ea metsi ke hore a sebelisoa haholo indastering: tšepe le boenjineri ba mechini, indasteri ea matla le lijo, indastering ea temo le ea lik'hemik'hale. Metsi a sebelisitsoeng hangata ha a sa loketse ho sebelisoa hape. Ho joalo, ha e lokolloa, likhoebo ha li e hloekise, kahoo metsi a litšila a temo le indastering a fella Leoatleng la Lefatše.
E 'ngoe ea mathata a mehloli ea metsi ke ts'ebeliso ea eona lits'ebetsong tsa sechaba. Ha se linaheng tsohle batho ba fuoang phepelo ea metsi, 'me lipeipi li siea ho lakatseha. Ha e le likhoere-khoere le likhoerekhoere, li tšeloa ka kotloloho ka har'a metsi ntle le tlhoekiso.
Bohlokoa ba ts'ireletso ea 'mele ea metsi
Ho rarolla mathata a mangata a hydrosphere, ho hlokahala ho sireletsa mehloli ea metsi. Sena se etsoa maemong a mmuso, empa batho ba tloaelehileng le bona ba ka kenya letsoho:
- fokotsa tšebeliso ea metsi indastering;
- sebelisa mehloli ea metsi ka mokhoa o utloahalang;
- hloekisa metsi a silafetseng (metsi a litšila a liindastering le malapeng);
- hloekisa libaka tsa metsi;
- felisa litlamorao tsa likotsi tse silafatsang 'mele ea metsi;
- boloka metsi ts'ebeliso ea letsatsi le letsatsi;
- se ke oa tlohela lipompo tsa metsi li butsoe.
Tsena ke liketso tsa ho sireletsa metsi tse tla thusa ho boloka polanete ea rona e le putsoa (ho tloha metsing), ka hona, e tla netefatsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo lefatšeng.
