Khopolo ea ecology joalo ka mahlale e simolohile United States, hobane ke naheng ena moo batho ba ileng ba qala ho lemoha litlamorao tsa maikutlo a moreki ho tsa tlhaho. Lekholong la mashome a mabeli la lilemo, libaka tse ling tse tsoetseng pele indastering li ne li le lintšing tsa koluoa ea tikoloho ka lebaka la mesebetsi e latelang:
- meepo;
- ts'ebeliso ea makoloi;
- mohlapo oa litšila tsa indasteri;
- ho chesa mehloli ea matla;
- ho rengoa ha meru, jj.
Liketso tsena kaofela ha lia ka tsa nkuoa li le kotsi ka nako eo. Hamorao, bohle ba ile ba hlokomela hore nts'etsopele ea indasteri e ama bophelo ba batho le liphoofolo hampe, hape e silafatsa tikoloho. Kamora moo, litsebi tse ikemetseng, hammoho le boramahlale, ba pakile hore tšilafalo ea metsi, moea le mobu li senya lintho tsohle tse phelang. Ho tloha ka nako eo, US e nkile lenaneo la moruo o tala.
Indasteri
Indasteri ea naha e na le tšusumetso e mpe haholo ho latela pono ea tikoloho. Ka lebaka la ho rarahana le tlholisano, United States e maemong a holimo libakeng tse kang likoloi, kaho ea likepe, boenjineri ba mechini, meriana le temo, hammoho le lijo, lik'hemik'hale, meepo, elektroniki le mefuta e meng ea liindasteri. Tsena tsohle li na le phello e mpe tikolohong 'me li baka tšenyo ka bongata bo boholo.
Bothata bo boholo ba likhoebo tsa indasteri ke ho ntšetsa lintho tse kotsi chefo moeeng. Ntle le taba ea hore litekanyetso tse phahameng tse lumelloang li feta makhetlo a 'maloa, mesi e kotsi ea lik'hemik'hale ebile e nyane e ka baka kotsi e kholo. Ho hloekisa le ho sefa ho fokola haholo (sena se thusa ho boloka chelete bakeng sa khoebo). Ka lebaka leo, likarolo tse kang chromium, zinki, lead, jj li kena moeeng.
Bothata ba tšilafalo ea moea
E 'ngoe ea mathata a maholo ka ho fetisisa Amerika ke tšilafalo ea moea, e atileng libakeng tsohle tsa litoropo tsa naha. Joalo ka libakeng tse ling, mehloli ea ts'ilafalo ke likoloi le indasteri. Baetapele ba lipolotiki ba etelletseng pele ba mmuso ba pheha khang ea hore bothata bona ba tikoloho bo hloka ho rarolloa ka thuso ea mahlale, ke hore, ho nts'etsapele le ho sebelisa mahlale a macha a bolokang tikoloho. Ho boetse ho etsoa mananeo a fapaneng ho fokotsa palo ea mosi le moea o tsoang.
Litsebi li pheha khang ea hore molemong oa ho ntlafatsa maemo a tikoloho, ho hlokahala hore ho fetoloe motheo oa moruo, ho fapana le mashala, oli le khase, ho fumana mehloli e meng ea matla, haholoholo e ka nchafatsoang.
Ntle le moo, letsatsi le leng le le leng li-megacities "li hola" le ho feta mme batho ba lula khafetsa mosi o hlahisoang ke ho phalla hoa likoloi le mosebetsi oa likhoebo. Ka morethetho o makatsang oa bophelo ba litoropong, motho ha a ele hloko se kotsi se ke keng sa lokisoa se entsoeng tlholehong. Empa, ka bomalimabe, mehleng ea rona ba fana ka khetho ho nts'etsopele ea moruo, ba sutumelletsa mathata a tikoloho morao.
Tšilafalo ea Hydrosphere
Lifektheri ke mohloli o ka sehloohong oa tšilafalo ea metsi United States. Likhoebo li tšolla metsi a litšila le a chefo ka matšeng le linokeng tsa naha. Ka lebaka la tšusumetso ena, liphoofolo ha li lule likilomitara tse 'maloa. Sena se bakoa ke ho kenella ha li-emulsion tse fapaneng, tharollo ea asiti le metsoako e meng e chefo ka metsing. Ha u khone le ho sesa metsing a joalo, re se re sa re letho ka ho a sebelisa.
Bothata ba litšila tse tiileng tsa masepala
Bothata bo bong ba bohlokoa ba tikoloho United States ke bothata ba litšila tse thata tsa masepala (MSW). Hajoale, naha e hlahisa litšila tse ngata haholo. Ho fokotsa bongata ba bona, tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tse ka sebelisoang bocha e sebelisoa Amerika. Bakeng sa sena, ho sebelisoa sistimi e arohaneng ea pokello ea litšila le lintlha tsa pokello ea lisebelisoa tse fapaneng, haholo pampiri le khalase. Ho boetse ho na le liindasteri tse sebetsanang le litšepe, 'me li ka sebelisoa hape nakong e tlang.
Lisebelisoa tsa lapeng tse robehileng le tse sebetsang, tseo ka mabaka a itseng li qetellang li le thotobolong, li na le tšusumetso e mpe tikolohong (lintho tse joalo li ka kenyelletsa TV, ontong ea microwave, mochini o hlatsoang le lisebelisoa tse ling tse nyane). Litlamong tsa litšila, o ka fumana le litšila tse ngata tsa lijo, litšila tsa kaho le lintho tse tsofetseng (tse sa hlokahaleng) tse sebelisoang makaleng a ts'ebeletso le a khoebo.
Tšilafalo ea polanete e nang le lithōle le ho senyeha ha tikoloho ha e ea itšetleha feela ka likhoebo tsa indasteri, empa le ho motho ka mong ka ho khetheha. Mokotla o mong le o mong o mocha oa polasetiki o tletseng lithōle o mpefatsa boemo.
Kahoo, ho na le mathata a 'maloa a tikoloho United States of America, mme re koahetse a maholo. Bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa maemo a tikoloho, ho a hlokahala ho fetisetsa moruo boemong bo bong le ho sebelisa mahlale a mahlale a macha a ka fokotsang mesi le tšilafalo ea tikoloho.
